Objective To investigate the impacts of different body posture care in 6 hours after operation in the ankylosing spondylitis ( AS) patients undergoing osteotomy surgery. Methods A total of 92 AS patients who underwent osteotomy surgery with regained consciousness and stable vital signs were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (46 patients of each group). The patients in the experimental group were sent back to ward after operation and they were helped to lie on the left or right side, and the patients in the control group were helped to lie on the back in the 6 hours after operation. Patients′ occurrence of vomiting, dizzy, rate of heart and respiratory, occurrence of stage-I pressure sores and tension vacuole, visual analogue scale ( VAS) of abdominal skin and back incision were observed and recorded. Results The incidence of vomiting, dizziness andⅠperiod pressure ulcer in experimental group were 10. 9%, 6. 5%, 2. 2%, compared with 15. 2%, 4. 3%, 0. 0% in the control group, which had no statistically significant differences (χ2 =0. 383, 0. 212, <0. 001; P >0. 05). Patients′ postoperative mean breathing rate within 6 h after surgery in the experimental group was [(19. 3 ± 3. 4) times/min] comparing with [(20. 4 ± 4. 1) times/min] in the control group, and there was no statistically significant difference (t = 1. 401, P > 0. 05). Patients′ heart rate [(92.5±6.3)times/min]andtheincidenceofabdominaltensionblisters(4.3%)intheexperimentalgroup were significantly lower than that in the control group [(118. 2 ± 7. 8) times/min, 17. 4%] ( t =17. 385,χ2 =4. 039;P<0. 05). There were statistically differences in patient′s abdominal pain and back incision VAS score distribution in two groups(u =2. 022,2.218;P <0. 05). Conclusions After osteotomy surgery, the application of general anesthesia for AS kyphosis, with regaining consciousness and stable vital signs, applying preoperative habits of lateral position in 6 hours after being sent back to ward, can relieve pain, decrease the occurrence of tension vacuole, prompt patients′comfort as well as accelerate recovery.