Objective To study the effects of different dosages of valproic acid (VPA) in the disease onset, the level of motor dysfunction and survival time to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) model mice. Methods The ALS model mice (hSOD1-G93A gene positive) was screened and genotyped. Then,the model mice were random divided into treated groups( n = 18) and control group( n =6). The treated groups were i.p. injected with different dosage of VPA, but the control group was given isodose of saline. The assessment of the motor dysfunction stared from 12 weeks after birth and continued till death, the onset time and the survival time were recorded and compared. Results High dosage of VPA can prolong the onset time (9. 8 ± 1.4) days( P <0. 05), survival time ( 15.5 ±0. 9) days( P <0. 05), but it was not statistically significant to improve the motor dysfunction for the model mice. Compared with the control group,low and middle dosage of VPA were not statistically significant to prolong the onset time, the survival time for the model mice, and the level of motor dysfunction. Conclusions High dosage of VPA can delay the onset time of the ALS model mice and prolong the survival time, and which has neuroprotective effects against the neuronal degeneration in the hSOD1-G93A-gene-positive model mice.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is one of the major physiological inhibitors of the human blood coagulation cascade and may have great potential in the prevention and therapy of diseases caused by thrombus formation. In this study, recombinant human tissue factor was generated in E. coli containing a recombinant vector constructed by inserting TFPI cDNA into pGEX-2T vector. The generated recombinant TFPI (rTFPI) could be simply purified with glutathione-agarose affinity method and maintained its biological function in terms of inhibition of tissue factor and factor Xa.
Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacology ; Transfection

Objective To analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the clustered epidemics of common infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in Hongshan District, Wuhan from 2015 to 2022, and to provide a basis for scientific development of control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe events. Mean center method and standard ellipse method were used to reflect the overall distribution characteristics of the events, and hot spot analysis and nuclear density analysis were used to explore and analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of clustered epidemics at annual and seasonal scales. Results From 2015 to 2022, a total of 1563 clustered outbreaks of infectious diseases were reported in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in Hongshan District of Wuhan. The top three clustered epidemic diseases were hand-mouth-foot disease (HFMD)/herpangina, influenza like cases, and varicella, respectively. Primary schools were prone to influenza like cases (76.00%), kindergartens were prone to HFMD/herpangina (92.06%), and primary schools and middle schools were prone to varicella (69.70% and 21.21% respectively). As the years grew, the clustered epidemics showed a trend of spreading towards the northeast and southwest direction. Compared with other places, Luonan Street and Hongshan Street had a higher incidence density of clustered epidemic events (21.81% and 15.86% respectively), which requires special attention. The areas with the highest nuclear density value in each season were mainly concentrated in the middle of Hongshan District. There were two clusters of HFMD/herpangina concentrated in Luonan Street, Liyuan and Heping Street, which was different from other diseases. Conclusion When deploying medical resources and epidemic prevention and control work in schools within the jurisdiction, more emphasis should be placed on key streets and places to achieve the best cost-effectiveness.

Objective Analyze the distribution and influencing factors of inpatients with extra-long hospital stay in Hubei Province. Methods Length of stay≥30 days was defined as the extra-long hospital stay, and logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors. Results There were 26 043 cases with extra-long hospital stay, which accounting for 2.88% of the total cases. Proportion of extra-long hospital stay was increased with age, the proportion of the group aged 65 and above was the highest (3.25%), and which were higher in males than that of females, the sex ratio was 1.58. Patients with extra-long hospital stay mainly had injury/poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (16.88%), circulatory system disease (12.72%), neoplasms (11.23%), genitourinary system diseases (8.13%), mental and behavioral disorders (6.27%), and the proportion totaled up to 52.23%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, age, type of disease, surgery or not and hospital grade were the influencing factors of extra-long hospital stay. Conclusions There are differences in the distribution of extra-long hospital stay in different individuals, diseases and medical treatment, targeted measures should be taken to shorten the length of stay.

Objective By analyzing the incidence, prevalence, mortality, Disability Adjusted of Life Years (DALY) situations and trends of AIDS in China from 1990 to 2019, this paper provides scientific basis for the preventions and controls of AIDS in China. Methods The incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY rate of AIDS from 1990 to 2019 are obtained from GBD 2019 data. The standardardized rate of four indicators are used to compare and analyze the AIDS changes in China, the United States, Japan and the global with the development of years. Results The four indicators of AIDS in China present increasing trends, with male higher than female. The incidence rate increased from 0.82/100 000 in 1990 to 2.24/100 000 in 2019, the prevalence increased from 5.63/100 000 to 38.77/100 000, and the mortality increased from 0.23/100 000 to 2.23/100 000. The DALY rate increased from 13.18/100 000 to 98.15/100 000. Compared with the global and the United States, the standardized rate of four indicators of AIDS in China in 2019 showed a trend of low level, but it was higher than that in Japan. Conclusion In recent years, some progress has been made in AIDS preventions and controls in China, but the disease burden of AIDS is still on the rise. The situation of AIDS preventions and controls is still serious and unremitting efforts should be made to reduce the burden of AIDS.