Apoptosis disorders have an important function in the development of gastrointestinal cancer. BNIP3 is a member of the BH3-only subfamily of the bcl-2 family, which contains a BH3 domain and a transmembrane domain, and belongs to the mitochon-drial pro-apoptotic proteins. BNIP3 induces cell death via the caspase-independent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and mediates au-tophagic cell death. BNIP3 expression is regulated by hypoxia and other factors. BNIP3 expression in tumors exhibits tissue specificity;BNIP3 is highly expressed in some tumors, including breast, lung, and cervical tumors. In pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancers, BNIP3 is epigenetically silenced. The absence of BNIP3 in the tumors can cause tumor cells to tolerate hypoxia and may be associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. A comprehensive understanding of the spectrum of BNIP3 expression in a various tu-mors is necessary to use BNIP3 as a marker in clinical applications to treat tumors and as a new target in tumor prognosis.

Objective: In order to reveal the mechanisms of rh-endostatin and its suppression effect on HUVECs at different activating levels. Methods: Three types of HUVEC were prepared. We detected the ex-pression of CD105 and CD62E on the surface of adhering HUVEC, HUVEC of exponential phase of growth, and HUVEC activated with TNF-alpha. The effect of endostatin on these three types of HUVEC was indicated by the variation in the expression of CD105 and CD62E on the cells. The relationship of the changes in cell markers with the time and the concentration of endostatin was analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results: The expres-sion of CD105 was correlated with time and dose of endostar in all groups. The expression of CD62E was cor-related with the dose of endostar in HUVEC treated with TNF-α for 24h. Conclusion: Endostatin of a certain dose can inhibit the activation of endothelial cells but it cannot induce cell apoptosis.

Purpose:This study was designed to investigate the expression of p27 Kip1 and cyclin D1 in gastric carcinoma in relation to biological behavior and prognosis. Methods:p27 Kip1 and cyclin D1 expression at protein level were determined by immunohistochemistry technique in 92 patients with gastric carcinoma. Results:Of the 92 patients, p27 Kip1 expression was low in 28(71.8%) and high in 11(12%),respectively. Cyclin D1 expression was low in 32 (72.7%) and high in 12 (13%) ,respectively.p27 Kip1 expression level was correlated with histological grade, depth of invasion, lymph-node metastasis, TNM stage( P

Objective To investigate the expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and to explore its correlation with clinical pathological features as well as prognosis.Methods The expression of KLF4 protein in cancer tissues and normal esophageal tissues from surgical paraffin specimens of 98 thoracic ESCC cases with complete clinical,pathological and follow-up date were detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of KLF4 at protein level in 20 freshly surgical esophageal cancer tissues and normal esophageal mucous tissues were examined by Western blot.The relation between the expression of KLF4 protein,clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed,t-test was used for measurement data analysis.Chi-square test was performed to analyze the correlation between KLF4 protein expression and clinicopathological features.Survival analysis was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method.The comparisons of survival rates were analyzed by Log-rank test.Results The positive rate of KLF4 protein expression in normal esophageal tissues and ESCC tissues was 82.7％ (81/98) and 43.9％ (43/98),respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2=31.701,P＜0.01).The expression of KLF4 at protein level in 20 cases of fresh esophageal cancer tissues and normal esophageal mucosa tissues was 0.576±0.050 and 0.684 ± 0.095,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (t =4.932,P＜0.01).The expression of KLF4 at protein level was correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (x2 =10.871 and 6.482,P=0.001 and 0.039),however not correlated with gender,age,location,tumor size,degree of differentiation and the depth of invasion (x2=0.214,3.442,5.748,0.891,0.013 and 1.479,P=0.644,0.064,0.056,0.345,0.911 and 0.477).In 98 patients,the 5-year survival rate of cases with KLF4 protein positive expression and negative expression was 48.8％ and 25.5％ and the median survival period was 55 months and 26 months,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =5.747 and 4.493,P=0.017 and 0.034).Conclusion KLF4 as a tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the genesis,development and metastasis of ESCC,and may become a biological indicator of the severity and prognosis in ESCC.

Objective To investigate the correlation between different clinicopathological factors and the recurrence and metastasis of advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction after curative resection,and to analyze the effects of the factors on the prognosis of these patients.Methods The clinical data of 385 patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who received curative resection at the Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2000 to January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 228 patients did not have tumor recurrence and metastasis (non-recurrence and metastasis group) and 157 patients had tumor recurrence and metastasis (recurrence and metastasis group).Risk factors which might influence postoperative recurrence and metastasis were analyzed using univariate analysis (chi-square test) and multivariate analysis (Logistic regression model).All patients were followed up via out-patient examination or phone call.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was done by Log-rank test.Results The median time for follow-up was 36 months (range,3-108 months).A total of 157 patients had postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis,and the mean time of tumor recurrence was 17.9 mouths.The results of univariate analysis showed that tumor type,differentiation degree,invasion depth,number of positive and negative lymph nodes,TNM staging were risk factors for the postoperative recurrence and metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction after curative resection (x2=5.248,13.493,12.319,18.315,9.704,10.281,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that differentiation degree,invasion depth,number of positive and negative lymph nodes were the independent risk factors influencing the recurrence and metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction after curative resection (OR =1.805,1.809,1.520,0.763,P ＜0.05).The numbers of positive lymph nodes in the non-recurrence and metastasis group and the recurrence and metastasis group were 3.86 ± 0.28 and 6.89 ± 0.58,with a significant difference (t =5.118,P ＜ 0.05).The number of negative lymph nodes in the non-recurrence and metastasis group and the recurrence and metastasis group were 14.04 ±0.54 and 10.53 ±0.56,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =4.386,P ＜0.05).The 5-year survival rates of patients with the numbers of positive lymph nodes of 0,1-2,3-6 and more than 7 were 46.4％,43.8％,27.1％ and 7.2％,respectively,and the corresponding median survival time were 53,47,35 and 26 months.There was a significant difference in the 5-year survival rate among patients with different numbers of positive lymph nodes (x2 =54.783,P ＜ 0.05).The 5-year survival rates of patients with the number of negative lymph nodes under 9,between 10 and 15 and more than 16 were 22.1％,21.5％ and 45.5％,respectively,and the corresponding median survival time were 28,34,47 months.There was a significant difference in the 5-year survival rate among patients with different numbers of negative lymph nodes (x2=22.814,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Tumor type,invasion depth,number of positive and negative lymph nodes are independent risk factors of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction,and the number of positive and negative lymph nodes are important for the prognosis of patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.

Objective To investigate the hemostatic function of biological glue in renal trauma.Methods Establishment of rab-bit kidney scratch,partial nephrectomy and renal injury penetrating wound models were available with a biological glue and hemo-static powder processing,observed and recorded the amount of bleeding and bleeding time.Tissue sample were transected from the wound of kidneys in each group after a month,and the renal wound healing condition was observed by pathological examination.Re-sults The hemostatic function of biological glue was better than styptic powder,the amount of bleeding in biological glue group and hemostatic powder group of kidney scratched model were(1.39±0.09)mL,(1.77±0.44)mL,the difference was not statistically significant(P =0.115);the bleeding time were(5.02 ±0.23)s,(66.40± 7.35)s,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01);the amount of bleeding in two models of partial nephrectomy and renal penetrating wound were(2.07±0.25)mL,(11.42± 1.33)mL;(2.01 ± 0.36)mL,(3.95 ± 0.39)mL and bleeding time were(6.16 ± 0.69)s,(139.38 ± 8.97)s;(7.68 ± 0.80)s, (144.26±9.27)s,the differences were statistically significant(P <0.01).Pathology results showed that the wounds healed well. Conclusion The hemostatic function of biological glue in renal trauma were remarkable and stable,and was worth to be further promoted.

Objective: To observe the remodeling of diabetic microvessels in diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetic animal models were induced by STZ on SD rats. The rats were treated with nonenzymatic glycosylation inhibitor and blood flow activating and stasis removing traditional Chinese medicine to evaluate the remodeling of diabetic retinal microvessels by trypsin digestion and figure analysis. Results: At 8 weeks, significant alteration of retinal capillary width in diabetic rats were observed( P

Esophagectomy and lymph node dissection are the cornerstones for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Upper mediastinal lymph node dissection is of great value for accurate staging and improving the prognosis of patients. Lymph node dissection along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve is the most challenging procedures in esophageal surgery, and there has been no relevant consensus on the scope and boundary of lymph node dissection. In recent years, with the application of endoscopic technology, especially robotic surgery system in esophagectomy, and the introduction of the concept of superior mediastinal microdissection, the authors have proposed the border of lymph node dissection along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, so as to achieve precise, radical and standardized dissection. Combined with their own experiences, the authors elaborate on the anatomic boundary, extent and technique of lymph node dissection along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and its incidence has increased year by year, which is one of the most important causes of death among women, especially young women. Studying related cell signal transduction that affects the development and progression of breast cancer can help prevent the occurrence of breast cancer, slow down the cancer progression and improve the prognosis of patients. nitric oxide (NO) is a kind of signaling molecule. Many studies have shown that the production and expression of NO are closely related to breast cancer. NO-related cell signal transduction significantly affects the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, the understanding of the relationship between NO and breast cancer associated cell signal transduction needs to be further improved. In this paper, the related studies on NO-related cellular signal transduction in breast cancer were reviewed with a view to improving the understanding of the development and progression of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the log odds of positive lymph nodes(LODDS) on the prognosis of patients with node-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus after radical esophagectomy.

METHODSClinical data of 136 patients with node-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus after radical esophagectomy from January 2005 to January 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. LODDS was estimated using the calculation: log(pnod+0.5)/(tnod-pnod+0.5), in which pnod indicates the number of positive lymph nodes and tnod indicates the total number of lymph nodes retrieved. The best cut-off value for LODDS was identified by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Drawing of survival curves was employed with the Kaplan-Meier estimator, and survival rate was analyzed using Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify independent factors associated with prognosis.

RESULTSA total of 136 patients, including 112 males and 24 females, seventy-nine patients were 65 years or older(range 27-92 years), and were included in the present study. Among them, the most cancer site was the middle third of the thoracic esophagus(115 cases), followed by the lower third(13 cases), and the upper third(8 cases). There were 70 patients with tumor diameter ≤3.5 cm and 66 patients with tumor diameter >3.5 cm. There were 32 patients with stage pT1-2, and 104 with stage pT3-4. The number of patients in TNM classification I, II and III was 14, 85 and 37, respectively. All the patients received radical esophagectomy with primary tumor resection and lymph node dissection. The median follow-up time was 44.2 months(range, 4.4-98.4 months). Five-year overall survival rate was 43.2%, and the median total survival time was 48 months. ROC analysis showed that the appropriate cut-off value of LODDS was -1.2. There were 99 patients with LODDS≤-1.2(LODDS1 stage), 37 patients with LODDS >-1.2(LODDS2 stage), the median survival time and 5-year survival rate were 56.5 months and 48.3% in patients with LODDS1 stage and 30.0 months and 29.7% in patients with LODDS 2 stage, respectively, with significant difference(χ(2)=4.980, P=0.026). Multivariate analyses showed that recurrence(HR=0.627, 95% CI:0.395 to 0.996; P=0.048) and LODDS >-1.2(HR=1.853; 95% CI:1.155 to 2.974; P=0.011) were the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients.

CONCLUSIONSFor patients with node-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus after radical esophagectomy, LODDS stage has a unique prediction for prognosis, and patients with LODDS less than -1.2 (cut-off value) have a better prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate