Aim To study the anti-inflammatory activity of the Channa argus bile.Methods The bile was isolated and purified by extraction and silica gel column chromatography.Then the compounds were identified by hydrogen and carbon spectra.The spleen lymphocytes proliferation assay and Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induced mouse macrophage RAW264.7 releasing Nitrogen Monoxide(NO) experiment were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity.Results Compound(C1) of sodium taurocholate and compound(C2) of sodium taurochenodeoxycholate were isolated by activity tracing.The cell relative viabilities of the two compounds on Concanavalin A(Con A) induced spleen lymphocytes proliferation assay were 65.9%±11.7% and 60.5%±9.4%, which were significantly different from the result of model group (P<0.01), respectively.The NO production of LPS-induced RAW264.7 release of NO was (16.4±1.9) μmol·L-1 and (15.5±1.7) μmol·L-1, which were significantly different from the result of model group(P<0.01).Conclusion Sodium taurocholate and sodium taurochenodeoxycholate from Channa argus perform the anti-inflammatory activities but have no cytotoxic effect on spleen lymphocytes and macrophage.

Purpose To investigate the expression characteristics and significance of P-selectin and HPA in benign and malignant hydatidform mole tissues. Methods By using immunohistochemical technique SP and RT-PCR, the expression of Pselectin and HPA was detected in 40 cases of benign hydatidiform mole tissues, and 12 malignant hydatidiform mole tissues.Meanwhile, 40 cases of normal placental villi tissues were observed. Results The protein positive rate and protein relative quantity expression and the mRNA relative quantity expression of P-selectin and HPA were gradually increasing in normal placenta villi tissues, benign hydatidiform mole tissues, and malignant hydatidiform mole tissues. The differences between groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The expression of P-selectin and HPA showed positive correlation (all P<0.05) in benign and malignant hydatidform mole tissues. Conclusion The over-expression of P-selectin and HPA promotes the occurrence and development of hydatidform mole. The detection of the expression levels of P-selectin and HPA is of great significance for the differential diagnosis and prognosis assessment of benign and malignant hydatidform mole. It could become a biological predictor of malignant development of hydatidform mole.

Objective:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of three different frequencies (2 Hz,80 Hz and 2 Hz/80 Hz) on the free radicals in hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) model mice.Methods:A total of 100 Kunming mice were randomly divided into a sham operation group,a model group,a 2 Hz EA group,an 80 Hz EA group and a 2 Hz/80 Hz EA group,with 20 mice in each group.The ischemia-reperfusion VD model was established by repeated blockade of bilateral common carotid arteries.Mice in EA groups began EA treatment on the 4th day after the operation.Baihui (GV 20),Dazhui (GV 14),Geshu (BL 17) and Zusanli (ST 36) were punctured and then connected to EA instrument,with different waves of 2 Hz,80 Hz or 2 Hz/80 Hz (10 min/time) applied accordingly,once a day.During the jumping stand experiment,the learning performance,memory performance and hippocampal calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP),nitric oxide synthase (NOS),malondialdehyde (MDA),changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and true choline esterase (TChE) were observed.In hippocampus,the CGRP level was determined by radioimmunoassay;the MDA level was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method;the activities of NOS and TChE were determined by spectrophotometry;the activity of SOD was determined by xanthine oxidase method.Results:Compared with the sham operation group,the performances of learning and memory decreased significantly in the model group (P＜0.01);in hippocampus,the CGRP level decreased,the MDA level increased,the activities of NOS and TChE increased,and the activity of SOD decreased in the model group.Compared with the model group,the learning and memory performances of the EA groups were significantly improved (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);in hippocampus,the CGRP level increased,the MDA level decreased,the NOS and TChE activities decreased,and the SOD activity increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Among EA groups,the 2 Hz/80 Hz EA group was superior to the 2 Hz EA group and the 80 Hz EA group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion:EA can improve the cognitive impairment of mice with ischemia-reperfusion VD.The mechanism may be related to the improvement of cerebral blood circulation,regulation of the central neurotransmitters,fighting lipid peroxidation and promoting nerve cell repair.The therapeutic effects of EA with different frequencies were different,and the intervention effect by EA at 2 Hz/80Hz is the most significant.

Objective:To investigate the effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation on the quality of life and lifestyle changes in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 135 patients with coronary heart disease who received exercise rehabilitation in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were enrolled in the study. Among them, 63 cases seldom attended (≤12 sessions, low-attending group), 37 cases less frequently attended (13-24 sessions, medium-attending group) and 35 cases attended frequently (≥25 sessions, high-attending group). The clinical data, cardiac rehabilitation, Seattle Angina Scale (SAQ) score and SF-36 quality of life score before and after rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes such as out-of-hospital exercise were documented and compared among the three groups.Results:Compared with baseline, the 5-dimensional scores of SAQ and the 9-dimensional scores of SF-36 (except for role-emotional and health change) were not significantly improved after cardiac rehabilitation in low-attending group ( P>0.05), while the angina stability, angina frequency, treatment satisfaction of SAQ, and bodily pain, health change of SF-36 in medium-attending group were improved ( P<0.05), and both SAQ and SF-36 in high-attending group were increased ( P<0.05). After cardiac rehabilitation, the SAQ and SF-36 scores of patients in high-attending group were significantly higher than those of patients in low-attending group ( P<0.05). The lifestyle was changed in 77.14%(27/35)patients of high-attending group, which was higher and that of low-attending group(38.10%, 24/63) (χ 2=13.74, P<0.001). Conclusion:The outpatient exercise rehabilitation can improve the quality of life and change lifestyle of patients with coronary heart disease; and the effect of rehabilitation is associated with the attending frequency.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMAC).

METHODSClinical data of 2089 cases with colorectal cancer from 1994 to 2007 in our hospital, including 169 patients diagnosed as mucinous adenocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAs compared to NMAC, the tumor diameter of MAC was longer[(5.52+/-3.56) cm vs (4.62+/-2.68) cm, P<0.01]; the age of MAC was younger [(52.3+/-16.5) vs (58.7+/-13.6) years, P<0.01]. The rates of tumor location in colon (97 cases,57.4% vs 814 cases, 44.3%, in MAC and NMAC) were significantly different (P<0.01). Compared with NMAC, MAC had more lymph node involvement (103 cases, 60.9% vs 929 cases, 50.1%), more often in serosa infiltration (116 cases, 68.7% vs 914 cases, 49.8%), more peritoneal dissemination (26 cases, 15.4% vs 125 cases, 6.8%), and adjacent organ invasion (44 cases, 26.0% vs 300 cases, 16.3%) (P<0.01). The rate of radical resection (86.4% vs 91.5%), hepatic metastasis (5.3% vs 8.5%) and local recurrence had no significant difference between patients with mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P>0.05). In comparison to NMAC patients, MAC patients were worse in long-term overall survival, the survival of receiving radical resection and of TNM stage (II+III) group (P<0.01). Survivals were not significantly different in TNM stage I and IV groups between mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSColorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma patients have worse outcome in comparison to non-mucinous adenocarcinoma patients. Mucinous adenocarcinoma may have special biological behavior, which is an independent prognostic factor for patients with colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics between mucinous gastric cancer (MGC) and poorly differentiated gastric cancer(PDGC) and factors associated with prognosis.

METHODSMedical records of 1016 consecutive patients with gastric cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty-eight patients with MGC and 508 with PDGC were identified. Clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival data were analyzed.

RESULTSAs compared to PDGC patients, patients with MGC were significantly older [(59.2±11.9) years vs. (54.1±13.2) years], had significantly more distant metastasis(36.8% vs. 23.8%), more peritoneal seeding(29.4% vs. 16.9%), and less radical resection(60.3% vs. 76.6%). There were no significant differences in 5-year survival rate between MGC and PDGC patients(29.4% vs. 35.5%). However, for tumors in the middle third of the stomach, the survival rate of MGC patients was lower than that of PDGC. Using a Cox proportional hazard ratio model, lymph node involvement and radical resection were independent prognostic factors for survival of MGC patients, while tumor invasion, lymph node involvement, and radical resection were associated with survival in patients with PDGC.

CONCLUSIONAlthough MGC and PDGC differ in age, frequencies of peritoneal seeding, distant metastasis, and rate of radical resection, overall survival is comparable.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of different gastrectomy and reconstruction method on prognosis and quality of life in proximal gastric cancer.

METHODSThe 265 cases of proximal gastric cancer received radical resection, according to gastrectomy or reconstruction method, were divided into proximal gastrectomy/gastroesophagostomy group (PG) (n = 63) and total gastrectomy/esophagojejunostomy group (TG) (n = 202). The clinical pathologic features, prognosis, postoperative quality of life in 2 groups were compared.

RESULTSThere had no significant differences in age, gender, CEA value between two groups (all P > 0.05). In PG and TG group, tumor size (cm), ratio of organic invasion, lymph nodes metastasis, distal metastasis, TNM IV stage, Borrmann typing, poor or undifferentiated carcinoma was 2.9 ± 1.9 vs. 4.8 ± 2.8, 9.5% vs. 32.2%, 64.7% vs. 70.6%, 0 vs. 8.4%, 6.9% vs. 31.8%, 44.4% vs. 69.2%, 31.7% vs. 53.7%, respectively, all with significant difference (t = -6.260, χ(2) = 29.473, 14.559, 5.665, 32.483, 12.588, 10.954, all P < 0.05). In PG and TG group, the ratio of D3 and D3(+) resection, multi-visceral resection, complications was 0 vs. 13.8%, 9.5% vs. 38.6%, 7.9% vs. 1.5% respectively, showed increasing range of resection and decreasing complications significantly in TG group (all P < 0.05). The median survival time (months) was 62.5 vs. 78.9 in TG and PG group respectively, without significant difference (P > 0.05). In 2 groups, the evaluation index of post-operative quality of life without significant differences (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFor proximal gastric cancer, although the cases received TG with worse clinicopathological features, which prognosis was similar to that received PG. The postoperative quality of life without significant difference between the cases received gastroesophagostomy and esophagojejunostomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastroenterostomy ; methods ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Stomach Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST).

METHODSFrom April 2004 to January 2010, clinicopathological data of 73 adult patients with advanced GIST treated with imatinib at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment outcomes and associated factors were investigated.

RESULTSTreatment outcomes included complete response in 1(1.4%) patients, partial response in 53(72.6%), stable disease in 14(19.2%), and primary resistant in 5(6.8%). All the patients had routine followed up, the length of which ranged from 12 to 76 (median 32) months. The median progression-free survival was 45.0 months(95% confidence interval, 34.2-55.8). The progression-free survival(PFS) rate was 87.7% in 1 year, 63.6% in 3 year, and 39.6% in 5 years. On multivariate analysis, both mutation status and patient performance were independent factors influencing the efficacy of imatinib treatment(both P<0.01). PFS was significantly better in patients with c-kit exon 11 mutations than those with exon 9 mutations, and better in lower ECOG scales than in higher ones.

CONCLUSIONImatinib is effective in treating patients with advanced GIST, c-kit exon 9 mutations and poor performance status predict an adverse survival benefit of imatinib therapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Exons ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of surgery following systemic targeted therapy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

METHODSFrom June 2007 to December 2009, data of 15 consecutive patients with metastatic GIST treated with imatinib/sunitinib followed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSDisease responses to TKI treatment was categorized into controlled disease (including partial response and stable disease) (6, 40.0%), limited progression (4, 26.7%), and generalized progression (5, 33.3%), respectively. Surgeries were performed after mean 12 months following TKI therapies. Gross complete resection or optimal debulking with minimal residual disease were managed to performed in 8/10 patients with disease controlled and limited progression, while optimal debulking only achieved in 2/5 patients with generalized progression. Surgical morbidity was 20.0% (3/15). After operation, patients with disease controlled and limited progression had a median progression-free survival of 25.0 months and 2-year overall survival rate of 100%. In contrast, for patients with generalized progression, the median progression- free survival was 3 months (P<0.01), and median overall survival 10.5 months.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with metastatic GIST who have controlled disease or limited progression to TKI therapy can benefit from surgical resection. Surgery should be selective in patients with generalized progression since surgery hardly improves survival in these patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Benzamides ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Intraoperative Period ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrroles ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of clinicopathological features and extent of lymph node dissection on the prognosis in early gastric cancer (EGC) patients.

METHODSA total of 142 EGC cases screened from database of gastric cancer of Sun Yat-sen University, from Aug. 1994 to Jan. 2010, were included in this study. According to the lymph node metastasis status, they were divided into lymph node negative (n = 116) and lymph node positive (n = 26) groups. The clinicopathological features of the two groups and the impact of extent of lymph node dissection on the prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in age, gender, tumor size and location, Borrmann typing, WHO TNM staging, histological typing, and CEA value between the two groups (P > 0.05). The TNM stages in the lymph node positive group were higher than that in the lymph node negative group (P < 0.001). Between the cases who underwent D1 (n = 21) and D2 (n = 121) dissection, there were no significant differences in postoperative hospital days, blood transfusion volume, and operation time (P > 0.05). The median numbers of LN dissected in D1 and D2 cases were 4 (0 to 16) and 20 (12 to 30), with a significant difference (P = 0.000), but the number of positive LN without significant difference (P = 0.502). The postoperative complication rates were 9.5% in the D1 and 3.3% in the D2 dissection groups, without a significant difference (P = 0.128). The median survival time of the lymph node negative and positive groups was 156 vs. 96 months (P = 0.010). In cases who received D2 and D1 lymph node dissection, the median survival time (MST) was 156 vs. 96 months (P = 0.0022). In the lymph node positive group, D2 dissection prolonged survival time significantly than D1 dissection (96 vs. 27months) (P = 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the extent of lymph node dissection and LN metastasis were independent prognostic factors for EGC patients.

CONCLUSIONSIt is not able to accurately assess the LN metastasis status preoperatively according to the routine clinicopathological features. For the patients with unknown LN metastasis status, D2 dissection should be the first choice. Comparing with D1 dissection, the morbidity of D2 dissection are not increased, but survival time is prolonged.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate