Objecttive: The article analyzed how neurophysiological signals of adolescent's working memory(WM) change with increasing age.Methods: We recorded ERP from 52 healthy subjects aged from 14 to 22 years old in three groups.Our experiment consisted of 4 subexperiments and had two types of working memory tasks: spatial working memory and verbal working memory tasks,furthermore,every task included two levels of difficulty.Results: ①Reaction time was faster with increasing age,there was significant difference in accuracy of complicated tasks in different age groups with junior high school group significantly lower than others;②There was significant difference between junior high school group and college group in frontal P200 amplitude and its latency had no significant difference in the three groups;③Occipital P100 amplitude was descending when age was increasing and there had significant difference in latency between junior high school group and college group;④Occipital N160 amplitude was increasing with age and the latency was descending with age and there was significant difference between junior high school group and college group;⑤Average amplitude of parietal P300 was increasing with age and junior high school group's was significantly lower than the other two groups'.Conclusion: Teenager's working memory changes unevenly with age.

Objective To explore the expression of circadian clock gene Per2 in the tissue of esophageal cancer and the relevance between VEGF,cyclin D1.Methods 80 cases with esophageal cancer who received surgical treatment and pathological specimens preserved were selected,and the normal tissues adjacent to carcinoma were used as control.The expression of Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the data were analyzed.Results Compared the tissue adjacent to carcinoma with carcinoma tissue,Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 expression had statistically significant differences(x2 =26.86,24.34,23.72,all P ＜0.01).Per2 expression in different differentiation degree and the TMN stages had statistically significant differences (x2 =6.45,7.77,all P ＜ 0.05) ;cyclin D1 expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =12.99,8.99,all P ＜ 0.01) ;VEGF expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =6.68,6.14,all P ＜ 0.01).Per2 expression was negatively correlated with VEGF,cyclin D1 expression (r =-0.644,-0.523,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Clock gene Per2 and VEGF,cyclin D1 expression in esophageal cancer has certain correlation,it can be a prognostic indicator of esophageal cancer.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between defunctionign stoma in low anterior resection for rectal carcinoma and the incidence of anastomotic leakage.Methods:Totally 270 patients who received low anterior resection for rectal carcinoma(with the distance between anastomosis and anal edge being 6 cm or less)from Jan.2005 to Oct.2006 were included in the present study.Defunctioning stoma was performed in 113(41.9%)patients considered with high risk of anastomotic leakage.The clinicopathological data were used to construct database.SPSS 10.0 software was used to analyze the incidences of anastomosis leakage in patients with and without receiving defunctioning stoma.Results:There were 20(7.4%)leakages in the 270 cases.The symptoms included abdominal pain(37%),increase of pulse(53%),fever(47%),leukocytosis(53%),pelvic fluid properties change(68%),anal discharge of bloody fluid(26%)and others(10%).The average age of patients with leakage was 57.8 years.No death was caused by anastomotic leakage.Four(3.5%)leakages happened in defunctioning stoma group,and 16(10.2%)leakages happened in non-stoma group(P=0.04).Eighteen(75%)of the 24 patients with preoperative radiotherapy history received defunctioning stoma and none of them had leakage.Two of the 6 cases who had preoperative radiotherapy history receiving no defunctioning stoma had anastomotic leakages;the fisher exact probability test showed P=0.054.The leakage rate was 4.9%(7 cases)in 142 cases who had received protective measures during low anterior resection and the rate was 10.2%(13 cases)in the rest 128 cases who had not received any protective measures(P=0.10).Leakages subsided with conservative treatment in the 4 patients with stoma,but 8 patients without stoma had severe symptoms and required surgical intervention;one developed peritonitis.The average fasting periods were significantly different between the 2 groups(P

Tumor markers of breast cancer are closely related to its biological behaviors and are essential for treatment strategy making. Although traditional immunohistocbemistry(IHC) is the most commonly used molecular pathological method for tumor marker detection, it can not meet the clinical requirements for quantitative and individualized treatment. With the unique photo-physical properties of quantum dots(QDs), QDs conjugated probes have been successfully used in molecular and in vivo imaging, in the study on mechanism of drug delivery and targeted therapy and especially in the detection of tumor markers in vitro and molecular targeted diagnosis of breast cancer and individualized treatment strategy making. The technique has a broad prospect in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the autonomic nervous system function of hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism by analyzing the heart rate variability of patients with the diseases. Methods 12-synchronous dynamic 24-hour monitoring and man-machine dialogue were used in 36 patients with hyperthyroidism, 30 patients with hypothyroidism and 26 cases of healthy volunteers(controls), and 24-hour electrocardiogram was analyzed.Heart rate variability indicators observed included 24 h consecutive sinus standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), standard deviation of sequential five-minute R-R interval (SDANN), percentage of differences between adjacent NN intervals that ＞ 50 ms(PNN50), root mean square standard deviation from adjacent R-R interval (rMSSD), low-frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), low frequency power/high frequency power (LF/HF). Results In hyperthyroidism group, SDNN[(80.48 ± 11.95)ms], PNN50[(18.56 ± 3.50)%], rMSSD [ ( 13.56 ± 3.45)ms] were significantly lower than those of the control group[ ( 128.06 ± 12.8)ms, (32.84 ± 7.21)%,(30.84 ± 6.12)ms, all P ＜ 0.05 ], and LF/HF(3.78 ± 1.63) were significantly higher than that of the control group (2.34 ± 1.06, P ＜ 0.05). In hypothyroidism group, SDNN[(65.65 ± 15.55)ms], SDAN[ (80.2 ± 15.72)ms],PNN50[ (16.34 ± 3.56)%], rMSSD [ (15.77 ± 3.58)ms ], LF[ (279.03 ± 91.49)ms2/Hz ] were also significantly lower than those of the control group[ (128.06 ± 12.87)ms, (132.40 ± 21.95 )ms, (32.84 ± 7.21 )%, (30.84 ± 6.12)ms, (525.60 ± 84.11)ms2/Hz, all P ＜ 0.05], but LF/HF (1.08 ± 0.73) was lower than that of the control group,however, the difference was not significant(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The heart rate in patients with abnormal thyroid function is lower in the overall performance, but in patients with hyperthyroidism sympathetic activity is dominate, while in patients with hypothyroidism, vagal nerve activity is dominate.

Objective To observe the heart rate variability in patients with hypothyroidism, and to analyze the effect of 131Ⅰ therapy on autonomic nervous system of patients with the diseases. Methods A total of 56 cases of hyperthyroidism from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and the Second Hospital of Harbin City were enrolled as research subjects. 12-synchronous dynamic 24-hour monitoring and man-machine dialogue were used 6 months before and after 131Ⅰ treatment, and 49 cases of healthy volunteers were selected as controls.Heart rate variability indicators observed included 24 h consecutive sinus standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), standard deviation of sequential five-minute R-R interval (SDANN), percentage of differences between adjacent NN intervals that > 50 ms(PNN50), root mean square standard deviation from adjacent R-R interval (rMSSD), very low frequency power(VLF), low frequency power(LF), high frequency power(HF), and low frequency power/high frequency power(LF/HF). Results In hyperthyroidism group before 131Ⅰ therapy, SDNN[(85.25 ± 13.59)ms], SDANN [( 95.47 ± 33.15)ms], PNN50 [( 15.26 ± 4.84) %], rMSSD [( 14.47 ~ 3.49) ms], LF [(435.57 ± 75.74)ms2/Hz], and HF[(129.81 ± 63.21 )ms2/Hz] were significantly lower than those of the control group [(155.24 ±15.87), ( 134.02 ± 24.15)ms, (29.41 ± 6.21 )%, (26.64 ± 6.11 )ms, (515.69 ± 74.83)ms2/Hz, and (265.93 ± 58.84)ms2/Hz, all P < 0.05], VLF[(1765.21 ± 315.22)ms2] and LF/HF(3.95 ± 1.89) were significantly higher than that of the control group[(374.25 ± 54.47)ms2, 2.94 ± 1.55, all P < 0.05]. In hyperthyroidism group after treatment,SDNN [(126.91 ± 16.32)ms], SDANN[(125.2 ± 43.22)ms], PNN50[(26.34 ~ 7.56)%], rMSSD[(24.85 ± 7.85)ms],LF [(489.35 ± 91.49)ms2/Hz], and HF [(209.45 ± 75.32)ms] were also significantly higher than those before 131Ⅰ therapy, VLF[(571.80 ± 97.41)ms] and LF/HF(2.41 ± 0.93) were lower than that before 131Ⅰ therapy,but SDNN, PNN50 and HF were lower and VLF was higher than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The heart rate variability in patients with hyperthyroidism is lower in the overall performance, sympathetic activity is dominate, 131Ⅰ therapy partly corrects abnormal autonomic nerve function.

Objective The efficacies of nedaplatin-combined chemotherapy were compared with those of cisplatin-combined chemotherapy in patients with advanced malignant tumors. Methods Two hundred and sixty-two patients were divided into two groups randomly, the nedaplatin(NDP) group (M94, F36, median age 58y) and the eisplatin(Cis) group (M95, F37, median age 57y). Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks. Effects were assessed after 2 cycles. First-line schedules were chosen, and nedaplatin and cisplatin were used respectively. Results The results showed that the remission rate (50.8 %) in NDP group was significantly higher than that (40.2 %) in Cis group (P<0.05). The NDP had better efficacy than Cis especially in treating ovary cancer and esophageal cancer. The toxicity of NDP was milder for gastro-intestinal tract but more serious for bone marrow than that of Cis(P<0.01). Conclusion As a new broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent, NDP could be a better choice than cisplatin in the treatment of malignant tumors. It is especially of better efficacy in treating ovary cancer and esophageal cancer, and could be recommended as the first-line drugs.

Radiofrequency ablation therapy not only causes the necrosis of localized tumor cells,but also produces immunogenic tumor associated antigens and a large number of inflammatory cytokines and a variety of immunogenic mediums,which promotes the local infiltration and activation of immune cells and stimulates the immune system to produce certain anti-tumor effect.But the intensity of anti-tumor effect is feeble and is insufficient to inhibit the growth of tumor cells.Radiofrequency ablation therapy combined with special immunotherapies,such as immune stimulants,adoptive immunity cells therapy,dendritic cell vaccines,monoclonal antibodies and so on,can maximize the clinical benefit,which is a good pattern about tumor comprehensive treatment containing immunotherapy.

Objective: To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Cnidii Fructus formula granule analysis method for simultaneous determination of six main coumarin components, including osthol, xanthotoxin, xanthotol, bergapten, imperatorin and isopimpinellin, in order to provide reference for the study of the material basis of Cnidii Fructus formula granule. Methods: The method was performed by high performance liquid chromatography with a Waters XBridge C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column and methanol (A)-0.1% acetic acid (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, the injection volume was 10 μL and the column temperature was 40 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 320 nm. The chromatographic fingerprint evaluation system published by the State Pharmacopoeia Commission (2012 Edition) was used to establish the fingerprint of Cnidii Fructus formula granule, and the content of six main coumarin components was simultaneously determined. Results: The research on the 18 batches of Cnidii Fructus formula granule showed that the fingerprint similarity was greater than 0.992 and 19 common peaks were calibrated with satisfied peak resolution. The content determination results showed that the content of both xanthotoxin and osthol were the main coumarin components in Cnidii Fructus formula granule. According to the methodological investigation, the precision RSD values were all less than 1.6%. The sample was stable within 48 h and this method had good repeatability. The average recovery rates of xanthotol, xanthotoxin, imperatorin, isopimpinellin, bergapten and osthol were 100.69%, 101.03%, 99.48%, 100.88%, 101.27% and 100.35%, respectively. All of these coumarin components’ RSD were less than 2.5%. The six components showed a good linear relationship within a certain concentration range. The results of the content determination of xanthotol, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, bergapten, imperatorin and osthol respectively were 8.01-8.29, 2.37-2.63, 4.30-4.61, 4.04-4.40, 3.45-3.90 and 6.02-6.80 mg/g among the 18 batches of the Cnidii Fructus formula granule. Conclusion: The fingerprint method and the determination method of six main coumarin components in the Cnidii Fructus formula granule established in this study are simple, stable, accurate and reliable. This method can be used for the quality control of the Cnidii Fructus formula granule.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of skin rash caused by epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI).Methods The clinical randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of EGFR-TKI-induced skin rash which published in domestic journals were selected.The quality assessment of included literature was made by Jadad score,RevMan 5.2 software was used to make Meta-analysis.Results A total of 6 studies met the inclusion criteria,the 6 studies included 248 patients,133 cases in the treatment group,115 cases in the control group.All patients were 30 to 75 years old.Compared with the control group,the combined OR value of the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of EGFR-TKIinduced rash was 7.51,with 95 ％ confidence interval 4.46-12.65.Conclusions Meta-analysis shows that the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of EGFR-TKI-induced skin rash is better than Western medicine,and no adverse reactions.It can be widely used in clinical practice.