Objective To investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging(IVIM-DWI)in quantitatively evaluating the involved muscle in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies(IIM).Methods Totally,50 patients with clinically diagnosed IIM(IIM group)and 15 healthy controls(control group)were selected for bilateral thigh MRI examination,including IVIM-DWI sequences.The right quadriceps(vastus lateralis,vastus intermedius,vastus medialis,and rectus femoris)of all subjects were selected as region of interest(ROI).Single-exponential and double-exponential analysis were employed to quantitatively measure IVIM-DWI parameters,including apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),D,f,and D*.Based on T1WI and T2WI fat-suppressed images of the right quadriceps,these muscles were divided into affected and unaffected groups.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare IVIM-DWI parameters between affected group,unaffected group,and control group.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was performed to analyze the differences in IVIM-DWI parameters among the above groups.Results The D and ADC values were significantly higher in the affected group compared to the unaffected group and the control group(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis revealed that D and ADC values had moderate diagnostic significance with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.794 and 0.882,respec-tively.The cutoff values for D values and ADC values were 1.63×10-3 mm2/s and 1.44×10-3 mm2/s,respectively.Additionally,MRI follow-up performed one year after treatment in three patients with IIM showed significant resolution of inflammatory edema in thigh muscles,accompanied by a marked decrease in IVIM-DWI parameter values,particularly D values and ADC values.Conclusion The affected muscle in IIM show distinctive diffusion characteristics,and IVIM-DWI parameters,especially D values and ADC val-ues,show a higher diagnostic value for assessing muscle status in IIM.In addition,IVIM-DWI parameters also demonstrate a promis-ing value in the follow-up of IIM,which requires further confirmation in larger cohorts.

Objective To explore the correlation between personality traits and non suicidal self injury behavior in adolescent depression patients,in order to enhance understanding of the psychological health risks of depression patients.Methods This study was conducted at the Wuhan Mental Health Center from September 2021 to September 2023.A total of 138 patients with first-onset moderate to severe adolescent depression were included.The patients were divided into a group without self injury suicidal behavior(n=25),a non suicidal self injury(NSSI)group(n=78),and an attempted suicide(SA)group(n=35).Collect general information and data on neurotic personality scores,negative life events,emotional states,and social psychological factors using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24),and other psychological assessment tools.Using statistical methods for correlation and regression analysis to study the relationship between personality traits and non suicidal self injury behavior.Results There were significant differences in personality traits such as internal and external tendencies,psychoticism,neuroticism,and concealment among the non self injurious suicide behavior group,non suicidal self injurious behavior group,and suicide behavior group.The scores of the non suicidal self injurious behavior group and suicide behavior group were generally higher than those of the non self injurious self injurious behavior group(P<0.05);There were significant differences in self injury behavior scores among these three groups,especially in the suicide behavior group,which had the highest score,but there was no significant difference in life event scores;There were significant differences in scores for anxiety,depression,childhood trauma,stressful life events,and self-esteem among the three groups.Among them,the suicide behavior group had the highest scores for anxiety,depression,childhood trauma,and stressful life events,but the lowest score for self-esteem(P<0.05);Internal and external tendencies,psychoticism,neuroticism,and concealment are significantly correlated with non suicidal self injury behavior,and multiple regression analysis results show that these factors,as well as anxiety,depression,childhood trauma,stressful life events,and self-esteem,are inde-pendent influencing factors of non suicidal self injury behavior.The best predictive threshold for internal and exter-nal tendencies is-10.5%.Conclusion This study reveals the correlation between personality traits and non sui-cidal self injury behavior in adolescent depression patients.Understanding these relationships in clinical practice and intervention strategies can help better identify high-risk groups and provide personalized mental health support.

【Objective】 To explore the action mechanism of vinpocetine in improving learning and memory disorders in depressive rats after modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT). 【Methods】 The models of depressive rats were constructed by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) method. A total of 30 rats with depression were randomly divided into depression group, MECT group, and MECT+vinpocetine (10 mg/kg) group, with 10 in each group. A total of 10 untreated healthy rats were enrolled as control group. The learning and memory ability were tested by Morris water maze test and novel object recognition test. The depression state was evaluated by sugar preference test. The brain slices of the hippocampus were prepared for electrophysiological experiments. The density of dendritic spine was detected by Golgi staining. The expressions of endocannabinoids related genes [diacylglycerol lipase (DAGLα), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), and endocannabinoid type-I receptor (CB1R)] were detected by qPCR and Western blotting. The lentivirus was injected to downregulate the expressions of CB1R and DAGLα in the hippocampus. After re-modeling and treatment, behavioral tests were performed. 【Results】 Compared with control group, sugar preference, spatial exploration time, relative discrimination index, long-term potentiation (LTP), density of dendritic spine, expressions of DAGLα and CB1R were decreased, while escape latency and MAGL were increased in depression group (P<0.05). Compared with depression group, sugar preference, escape latency, and MAGL were increased, while spatial exploration time, relative discrimination index, LTP, density of dendritic spine, expressions of DAGLα and CB1R were decreased in MECT group (P<0.05). Compared with depression group, sugar preference, spatial exploration time, relative discrimination index, LTP, density of dendritic spine, expressions of DAGLα and CB1R were increased, while escape latency and MAGL were decreased in MECT+vinpocetine group (P<0.05). Compared with MECT group, sugar preference, spatial exploration time, relative discrimination index, LTP, density of dendritic spine, expressions of DAGLα and CB1R were increased, while escape latency and MAGL were decreased in MECT+vinpocetine group (P<0.05). The down-regulation of DAGLα or CB1R by lentivirus could inhibit the improvement effect of vinpocetine on behavioral performance of depressive rats after MECT. 【Conclusion】 Vinpocetine can significantly improve learning and memory disorders in depressive rats after MECT, which may be related to regulating the expressions of endocannabinoid-related genes and enhancing synaptic plasticity.

Myxococcus xanthus is a Gram-negative soil bacterium capable of performing sophisticated cellular behaviors and growing one of the most intricate bacterial single-species biofilms in nature. During the process of biofilm formation, social behaviors of M. xanthus cells dominate key steps of the biofilm establishment, e.g., cellular motility on solid surface, predatory behavior by the grouped cells, kin recognition in the community, fruiting body development, myxospore differentiation, and programmed cell death. This review introduces the recent research progress about the M. xanthus biofilms.