Objective To investigate the applicability of the K~+ concentration in aqueous humor to estimate postmortem interval(PMI).Methods 30 White New-Zealand rabbit were sacrificed by air embolism and divided into 10 groups.Aqueous humor and vitreous humor were sampled at 0.5h,1h,3h,6h,8h,12h,16h,20h,and 24h after death.The concentration of potassium,sodium and calcium were analyzed by an autoanalyzer and the data were statistically processed by SPSS software for Windows.Results Increase in potassiam concentration in aqueous humor was correlated with the postmortem interval(R~2=0.956).Conclusion Measurement of potassium concentration in aqueous humor may be used for PMI estimation.

The treatment of liver cancer involves multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment including internal medicine, surgical treatment, radiation, and interventional surgery, and surgical treatment based on surgery is currently the main treatment method for liver cancer. This article summarizes and analyzes the update in the concept of surgical treatment of liver cancer, the development of treatment methods, and the advances in surgical technology and discusses the advantages and limitations of related techniques and concepts in the surgical treatment of liver cancer, so as to provide a reference for further promoting the improvement in the surgical treatment of liver cancer.

Laparoscopy has been used for the treatment of liver tumors for nearly 30 years. Since then, the world's liver surgeon giving a great deal of energy and enthusiasm to this tool, expanding indications and optimizing laparoscopy operation procedures, making indications of laparoscopic liver resection from the edge of liver benign tumors gradually extended to the left lobe, right lobe, left or right anterolateral segmentectomy or posterosuperior segmentectomy, right posterior sectionectomy, central hepatectomy, and extended left/right hepatectomy or caudate lobe. Accompanied by image technology upgrade, energy equipment update and the delicate anatomic stratagem, the security, effectiveness, advantages of laparoscopy in treatment of liver tumor got fully verified recently. There are plenty of basic and clinical research also fully confirmed the perioperative advantage of laparoscopic in liver cancer treatment. For the long-term therapeutic effect, continued case observation and strategy adjustment are still required in future.

Objective To explore the application value of three-dimensional visualization technology in associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS). Methods Clinical data of one patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing ALPPS using three-dimensional visualization technology were analyzed retrospectively. The patient was female, aged 44 years, was hospitalized due to transaminase elevation for 3 months and solid hepatic lesion for 3 d. She had a history of hepatitis B. She was diagnosed with massive HCC in the right liver lobe. The informed consents of the patient was obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. Preoperative evaluation and surgical planning were performed using computer tomography (CT) scan and medical imaging three-dimensional visualization system (MI-3DVS). Results Total liver volume was 1 033 ml and the left lobe volume was 195 ml, accounting for 16%of the standard liver volume measured by three-dimensional visualization technology before the ifrst-stage surgery. The right branch of portal vein was ligated and the left and right liver lobes were separated. Total liver volume was 1 048 ml and the left lobe volume was 394 ml, accounting for 33%of the standard liver volume measured by three-dimensional visualization technology 3 weeks after surgery. Right hemihepatectomy was performed during the second stage. The ifndings of preoperative three-dimensional visualization technology were consistent with intraoperative observation. Preoperative surgical planning was in accordance with intraoperative procedures. No apparent complication was observed after surgery. Conclusion Three-dimensional visualization technology is a favorable supplementary option for ALPPS in making the preoperative precise diagnosis and detailed surgical planning.