Objective To synthesize a component with higher activities of regulating plant growth.Methods On the basis of bioisosterism principles and by the method of substructure link,we modified the parent structure of 1,3,4-thiodiazole and synthesized a new kind of thiadiazole Schiff base.The structure of the new thiadiazole Schiff base was confirmed by infrared spectrum,nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum(1HNMR) and elemental analysis.Results The target compound had the activities of regulating plant growth.Conclusion The target compound is worth of development.

Objective:To construct a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature (CRGS) for prediction of prognosis, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Data materials for this study were obtained from the international cancer genome consortium (ICGC), the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database and Migort210 database, and protein expression profiles were obtained from the human protein atlas image classification database. Based on the TCGA cohort, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was applied to construct the CRGS and calculate the risk score for each HCC patient. HCC patients were grouped according to the median risk score: HCC patients in the TCGA cohort were divided into a high-risk group TCGA and a low-risk group TCGA with 184 cases in each group; HCC patients in the ICGC cohort were divided into a high-risk group ICGC and a low-risk group ICGC with 116 cases in each group. Patients in the Migort210 cohort were divided into a responder group ( n=68) and a non-responder group ( n=230) based on their response to immunotherapy. We assessed the value of CRGS in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients in the TCGA cohort and validated whether CRGS could be used to predict the prognosis of HCC patients in the ICGC dataset. To explore the role of CRGS in predicting immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity in HCC patients based on data from the TCGA cohort, and to apply the Migort210 immunotherapy cohort to validate the clinical value of CRGS in predicting immunotherapy in malignant tumors. Results:CRGS consists of four copper death-related genes: GLS, CDKN2A, LIPT1, and DLAT. Patients in the high-risk group TCGA had lower overall survival (OS), disease-specifical survival, and progression-free interval than those in the low-risk group TCGA (all P<0.01). OS of patients in the high-risk group ICGC was lower than that in the low-risk group ICGC ( P=0.022). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CRGS was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in HCC patients (TCGA: HR=2.991, 95% CI: 1.781-5.049, P<0.001; ICGC: HR=4.621, 95% CI: 1.685-12.674, P=0.033). Risk scores were positively correlated with the expression levels of CTLA4, PDCD1, CD80 and HLLA2 (all P<0.001). Patients in the high-risk group TCGA had lower tumor immune dysfunction and rejection scores than those in the low-risk group TCGA [-0.04(-0.07, -0.02) vs. -0.02(-0.04, 0) points], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Patients in the responder group had a higher risk score than the non-responder group [1.70 (1.56, 1.90) vs. 1.63 (1.52, 1.80)], with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) for sunitinib, rapamycin and etanercept were higher in the high-risk group TCGA than that in the low-risk group TCGA, while the IC 50 for erlotinib was lower than that in the low-risk group TCGA, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The CRGS might be served as a potential biomarker to predict the prognoses, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity of patients with HCC.

Objective:To establish a composite functional evaluation system to study the clinical efficacy of single plate and double plate internal fixation in the treatment of C3 distal radius fractures in the elderly.Methods:62 elderly patients (≥ 60 years old) with type C3 distal radius fractures who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology from September 2018 to August 2021 were retrospectively selected and divided into two groups according to the surgical methods: bilateral plate internal fixation treatment group (double plate group) and unilateral plate internal fixation treatment group (single plate group); The preoperative anatomical angle, wrist mobility (flexion and extension) and radius shortening of the two groups were recorded. The anatomical angle, wrist mobility (flexion and extension), clinical Gartland-Werley, DASH Score for Upper Limb Function (DASH) , Wrist Joint Cooney Score and clinical healing time at the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months after operation were followed up. A composite evaluation table was established to comprehensively evaluate the postoperative recovery of patients in the two group.Results:There was no significant difference in anatomical indexes of radius between the two groups before operation (all P>0.05). All anatomical angles and wrist range of motion were within the normal range after operation, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups in each anatomical index of radius within 3 and 6 months after operation (all P>0.05). However, the palmar inclination, ulnar deviation, wrist flexion and dorsiflexion mobility of the double plate group were relatively stable at 9 and 12 months after operation, which were better than those of the single plate group (all P<0.05). The palmar inclination and ulnar deviation of the single plate group increased with time. After operation, the radius shortening of the two groups recovered significantly, and the radius length of the double plate group was maintained better than those of the single plate group for 9 and 12 months (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of the two groups within 3 and 6 months after operation (all P>0.05), but the Gartland Werley score, DASH score and Cooney wrist score of the double plate group were significantly better than those of the single plate group at 9 and 12 months after operation (all P<0.05). The clinical healing time of single plate treatment was (14.51±0.88)weeks, the longest was 108 days, while that of double plate treatment was (12.03±1.77)weeks, the longest was 129 days, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the final composite evaluation results ( P>0.05), but the total score of the double plate group was smaller than that of the single plate group, with a difference of 39.67 points, indicating that the double plate group still had certain advantages in various scores. Conclusions:According to the composite evaluation system, both single plate and double plate treatment of C3 distal radius fractures in the elderly can achieve satisfactory results. Double plate fixation of distal radius fractures still has a certain significance in maintaining joint stability and improving joint mobility.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Jianpi Zishen(JPZS)granules for systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)in light of podocyte autophagy regulation.Methods TCMSP,GeneCards,OMIM,and TTD databases were used to obtain the targets of JPZS granules,SLE,and podocyte autophagy.The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape,and the key active ingredients and targets were screened for molecular docking.In the clinical study,46 patients with SLE were randomized into two groups to receive baseline treatment with prednisone acetate and mycophenolate mofetil(control group)and additional treatment with JPZS granules(observation group)for 12 weeks,with 10 healthy volunteers as the healthy control group.Urinary levels of nephrin and synaptopodin of the patients were detected with ELISA.Western blotting was performed to determine peripheral blood levels of p-JAK1/JAK1,p-STAT1/STAT1,LC3Ⅱ/LC3I,and p62 proteins of the participants.Results Four key active ingredients and 5 core target genes(STAT1,PIK3CG,MAPK1,PRKCA,and CJA1)were obtained,and enrichment analysis identified the potentially involved signaling pathways including AGE-RAGE,JAK/STAT,EGFR,and PI3K/Akt.Molecular docking analysis showed that STAT1 was the most promising target protein with the highest binding activity,suggesting its role as an important mediator for signal transduction after JPZS granule treatment.In the 43 SLE patients available for analysis,treatment with JPZS granule significantly reduced serum levels of p-JAK1/JAK1,p-STAT1/STAT1,and LC3Ⅱ/LC3I(P<0.05 or 0.01),increased the protein level of P62(P<0.05),and reduced urinary levels of nephrin and synaptopodin(P<0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of JPZS granules on SLE is mediated probably by coordinated actions of quercetin,kaempferol,β-sitosterol,and isorhamnetin on their target gene STAT1 to inhibit the JAK/STAT pathway,thus suppressing autophagy and alleviating podocyte injuries in SLE.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Jianpi Zishen(JPZS)granules for systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)in light of podocyte autophagy regulation.Methods TCMSP,GeneCards,OMIM,and TTD databases were used to obtain the targets of JPZS granules,SLE,and podocyte autophagy.The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape,and the key active ingredients and targets were screened for molecular docking.In the clinical study,46 patients with SLE were randomized into two groups to receive baseline treatment with prednisone acetate and mycophenolate mofetil(control group)and additional treatment with JPZS granules(observation group)for 12 weeks,with 10 healthy volunteers as the healthy control group.Urinary levels of nephrin and synaptopodin of the patients were detected with ELISA.Western blotting was performed to determine peripheral blood levels of p-JAK1/JAK1,p-STAT1/STAT1,LC3Ⅱ/LC3I,and p62 proteins of the participants.Results Four key active ingredients and 5 core target genes(STAT1,PIK3CG,MAPK1,PRKCA,and CJA1)were obtained,and enrichment analysis identified the potentially involved signaling pathways including AGE-RAGE,JAK/STAT,EGFR,and PI3K/Akt.Molecular docking analysis showed that STAT1 was the most promising target protein with the highest binding activity,suggesting its role as an important mediator for signal transduction after JPZS granule treatment.In the 43 SLE patients available for analysis,treatment with JPZS granule significantly reduced serum levels of p-JAK1/JAK1,p-STAT1/STAT1,and LC3Ⅱ/LC3I(P<0.05 or 0.01),increased the protein level of P62(P<0.05),and reduced urinary levels of nephrin and synaptopodin(P<0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of JPZS granules on SLE is mediated probably by coordinated actions of quercetin,kaempferol,β-sitosterol,and isorhamnetin on their target gene STAT1 to inhibit the JAK/STAT pathway,thus suppressing autophagy and alleviating podocyte injuries in SLE.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of retention enema with Huangling Jiedu Xiezhuo granules（HJXG） on Nod-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）， intestinal flora， and short-term prognosis in patients with gout. MethodsA total of 60 patients with gout admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method， with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with febuxostat， and the observation group was treated with retention enema with HJXG on the basis of the control group. After 14 days of continuous treatment， the clinical efficacy， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， and visual analogue scale （VAS） pain index of the two groups were compared， and serum creatinine（SCr）， blood urea nitrogen（BUN）， uric acid（UA）， cystatin C（CysC）， β₂- microglobulin（β₂-MG）， glomerular filtration rate test（GFR）， creatinine clearance rate （Ccr）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR）， hypersensitive C-reactive protein，（hs-CRP）， interleukin 6（IL-6）， interleukin-1β（IL-1β）， interleukin-18 （IL-18）， NLRP3 inflammasome levels， and the number of intestinal flora were detected in the two groups. The prognosis of patients was followed up within 12 weeks. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of short-term prognosis. ResultsAfter treatment， TCM syndrome scores and VAS pain index in both groups were reduced （P<0.05）， and TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. After treatment， ESR， hs-CRP， IL-6， NLRP3， IL-18， and IL-1β were significantly decreased in both groups （P<0.01）， and the levels of IL-6， ESR， NLRP3， and IL-18 were significantly improved in the observation group compared with the control group （P<0.05）. BUN， SCr， UA， β₂-MG， GFR indexes in both groups were significantly lower after treatment， Ccr indexes in both groups were significantly higher after treatment， and the levels of SCr， UA， CysC， and Ccr in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the intestinal flora in both groups was improved， and the observation group was significantly improved compared with the control group in terms of Lactobacillus， Proteus， Bacteroides， and Escherichia coli （P<0.05）. COX regression analysis showed that retention enema with HJXG could reduce the risk of poor short-term prognosis in patients with gout compared with Western medicine alone. ConclusionThe retention enema with HJXG can improve the curative effect of patients with gout， improve the TCM syndromes， reduce inflammation， and enhance renal function， intestinal flora， and short-term prognosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of Qihuang Jianpi Zishen Granules in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） and its effect on the signal transducer and activator of tranSCription 3/mammalian target of rapamycin （STAT3/mTOR） signaling pathway， and to decipher the possible mechanism. MethodSixty female SLE patients who met the criteria in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomized into a control group and an observation group （30 cases in each group）. The control group was treated with prednisone acetate + hydroxychloroquine sulfate orally， and the observation group was additionally treated with Qihuang Jianpi Zishen granules. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. The SLE disease activity （SLEDAI）， TCM syndrome score， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， hypersensitive C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， immune indexes ［immunoglobulin G （IgG）， C3， C4， CD4⁺， and CD8⁺］， interleukin （IL）-17， IL-23， interferon （IFN）-γ， 24 h urinary protein （24 h PRO）， serum creatinine （SCr）， and expression of proteins ［STAT3， phosphorylated （p）-STAT3， mTOR protein and STAT3，mTOR mRNA］ in the STAT3/mTOR signaling pathway were determined before and after treatment. In addition， the adverse reactions were recorded. ResultAfter 8 weeks of treatment， the total response rate in the observation group was 93.33% （28/30）， which was higher than that （70.00%， 21/30） in the control group （χ²=4.007， P<0.05）. After treatment， both groups showed declined SLEDAI， TCM syndrome score， ESR， hs-CRP， IgG， CD8⁺， IL-17， IL-23， IFN-γ， 24 h PRO， SCr， and expression of proteins in the STAT3/mTOR pathway （P<0.01） and elevated levels of C3， C4， and CD4⁺ （P<0.01）. Moreover， the observation group had lower SLEDAI， TCM syndrome score， ESR， hs-CRP， IgG， CD8⁺， IL-17， IL-23， IFN-γ， 24 h PRO， SCr， and expression of proteins in the STAT3/mTOR pathway （P<0.05， P<0.01） and higher levels of C3， C4， and CD4⁺ （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the control group after treatment. Neither group showed serious adverse reactions during the treatment period. ConclusionQihuang Jianpi Zishen Granules can ameliorate the inflammatory response， reduce the disease activity， and mitigate the kidney injury in SLE by inhibiting the STAT3/mTOR signaling pathway to regulate the immune function.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Xinfeng capsules on immunoinflammatory indicators in patients with rheumatoid arthritis （RA） due to spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance. MethodA total of 102 patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method， with 51 cases in each group. All patients were treated with methotrexate tablets， while those in the observation group received additional Xinfeng capsules. The course of treatment in both groups was 12 weeks. The 28-joint disease activity score （DAS28）， visual analogue scale （VAS） scores， morning stiffness time， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， rheumatoid factor （RF）， anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide （anti-CCP） antibody， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and serum amyloid A （SAA） of the two groups before and after treatment were compared. The efficacy and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups. The Apriori association rule model and random walk model were constructed to evaluate the effect of Xinfeng capsules in improving hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， VEGF， and anti-CCP. ResultThere were no dropouts in this study. There was no statistical difference in the indicators between the two groups before treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment， the total effective rate in the observation group was 90.19% （46/51）， which was higher than 74.51% （38/51） in the control group （χ²＝4.320，P<0.05）. DAS28， VAS score， and morning stiffness time in the observation group were improved compared with those in the control group （P<0.05）. Apriori association rule model results showed that the application of Xinfeng capsules in the observation group had a strong correlation with the reduction of RF， ESR， hs-CRP， SAA， and VEGF. The results of the random walk model showed that the improvement coefficients of hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， and VEGF in the observation group were all better than those of the control group， and the improvement coefficient of anti-CCP in the control group was better than that of the observation group. The improvement degree of hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， and VEGF in the observation group was superior to that of the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than in the control group （χ²＝4.057，P<0.05）. ConclusionOn the basis of the treatment with methotrexate tablets， Xinfeng capsules can effectively improve the immunoinflammatory level in RA due to spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.