Objective This study was to explore the prevalence of overweight and obesity,and the effects of contextual and individual level determinants on them in the rural areas of Kunming city.China.Methods Shilin County was selected as the study site.Probability Proportional to Size(PPS)sampling method was used to select representative sample of 6006 residents aged 45 years and over from Shilin.Information was obtained from a cross-sectional survey on health.Data was analyzed using a muhilevel logistic modeling.Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 12.10% and 2.15% in the study area.Males had a higher prevalence of overweight than females(13.60% vs.10.71%).Similar situation was seen in the prevalence of obesity(2.82% vs.1.52%).Both village level and individual level variables were associated with obesity.whereas only individual level variables were related to overweight.Elderly had lower probability of being overweight and obese than younger people with odds ratio(OR)as 0.95(95% CI:0.83-0.97)and 0.93(95% CI:0.82-0.96),respectively.Males had higher probability of being overweight and obese than females:OR of 0.89(95% CI:0.78-0.98)and OR of 0.87(95% CI:0.78-0.97),respectively.Individuals with lower family income had increased probability of having obesity (OR=0.81,95% CI:0.73-0.95).Factor as living in a higher income village was associated with lower prevalence of obesity(OR=0.92,95% CI:0.85-0.98).Conclusion Interventions at village level on obesity in parallel with those at individual level were needed.Prevention and intervention on obesity should be emphasized in villages with higher income.

0.05).(4) Significant differences between CC and CIN Ⅰ for p16,CDH1,RASSF1A and TIMP3 genes(P

Objective To evaluate the treatment of aneurysms rupture during endovascular embolization.Methods Nine aneurysms ruptured during the embolization and were treated with endovascular embolization.The reasons of aneurysms rupture during embolization,the prevention and the first aid after aneurysms rupture were analysed.Results Seven patients recovered and 2 died.Conclusions The optimal treatment of aneurysms rupture during endovascular embolization is effective,(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16: 132-134)

OBJECTIVETo survey the married couples at reproductive age for contraceptive knowledge in 5 Chinese cities.

METHODSThe data derived from a questionnaire-based research conducted in 2002 on family planning among married couples in 5 Chinese cities were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe total rate of good contraceptive knowledge was 70.10% in the couples. Among all the contraceptive measures, condom use was the most familiar one. The understanding of contraceptive knowledge in couples working in official departments and educational institutes was better than that among the couples working in common enterprises, affected by such factors as gender, geographic regions, educational background and willingness of child-bearing.

CONCLUSIONThe married couples in the Chinese cities have generally good understanding of contraceptive knowledge, which can be affected by different factors among different populations.

Adult ; China ; Cities ; Contraception ; Contraception Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Marriage ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

Objective To study the clinical features and prevention means of the infection caused by the highly dathogenic avian influenza A(H_5N_1).Method The clinical data which were confirmed to be an H_5N_1 infected case were analyzed retrospectively.Results The patient,16-year-old male,had no unambi guous history of direct contact with diseased or dead poultry before the onset of the disease.After the onset of the disease,chest X-ray showed flake shadow of the right lower lung quickly spread to the whole lung,associated with mediastinum,subcutaneous emphysema,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)was occurred on the fifth day.Mechanical ventilation is the primary measure in the comprehensive treatment.On the sixth day,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention detected the pharyngeal specimen of the patient by RT - PCR,Real- time PCR method and suggested positive for the A/H5/N1 virus nucleic acid andis01ated the avian flu(H_5N_1) virus.The disease course was 10 days from onset of illness to death.Conclusions Human infection by the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H_5N_1)is a deadly infectious disease.If the lesions is widespread and associated with ARDS,prognosis is poor.

Abstract: Objective To follow up and evaluate the stability testing status of γ stereotactic radiotherapy system (hereinafter γ knife WS 582-2017 Specifications for Testing of Quality Control in X and γ referred to ) in medical institutions based on the RayStereotactic Radiotherapy System WS 582-2017 Methods (hereinafter referred to ). A total of 43 medical institutions using γ knife and 54 medical physics personnel were recruited as the research subjects by random sampling method. Based on the - - standard tracking evaluation method, we followed up the evaluation of γ knife stability testing based on WS 582 2017. Results - Only 66.7% of the 54 subjects preformed WS 582 2017 in their daily work. Only 30.2% (all were tertiary hospital) of 43 medical institutions were equipped with complete quality control and testing equipment. The implementation rate of γ knife stability test was 67.4%, and it was not carried out in strict accordance with the test events and test cycle requirements - specified in the WS 582 2017. There were incomplete test events, incomplete records or test cycles that did not meet the Conclusion standard requirements in γ knife stability test. Medical institutions did not carry out γ knife stability tests in strict - accordance with the projects and cycle required by the WS 582 2017. The reasons are related to medical institutions are not equipped with complete testing equipment, the personnel are lack of understanding of relevant national standards, the poor publicity and implementation of the standards, the lack of standardized training channels and inadequate health supervision.

The dhaD gene encoding glycerol dehydrogenase(GDH) from Klebsiella sp.was amplified,and was inserted into expression vector pET-28a(+),the plasmid pET-28a-dhaD was constructed and was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).SDS-PAGE showed that the gene dhaD was expressed successfully in recombinant E.coli BL21.Then GDH was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography,the results showed a single band about 39kDa on SDS-PAGE gel,and the specified activity was about 156U/mg.The special activity of GDH is 4.6-fold higher than that of unpurified and the activity recovery is 67.4%.The optimum reaction pH was 11.0,and the GDH activity have little changed when incubated in the buffer of pH7.0～11.0.The optimum reactive temperature was 30℃,and the GDH was more stable on the temperature of 25℃～45℃.The Km value was 0.54mmol/L and Vmax was 0.49 ?mol/ml?min in the glycerol.

Objective To explore the risk factors of cerebral infarction in youth,and to provide evidence for prevention and control. Methods A total of 105 patients aged 35 -45 years old with cerebral infarction in the affiliated hospital of Shaoxing University from January 2010 to October 2014 were recruited as the cerebral infarction group . The healthy people without neurological symptoms were recruited as the control group. The two groups were compared for the risk factors of cerebral infarction in the youth. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that high blood pressure,diabetes,lipid disorders, smoking,obesity,unstable plaque,high homocysteine and anti - cardiolipin antibodies were the risk factors for cerebral infarction in the youth. The value of ORs and 95% CIs interval value for high blood pressure,diabetes,lipid disorders, smoking,obesity,unstable plaque,high homocysteine and anti - cardiolipin antibodies was 14. 614(0. 469 -47. 273),5. 129 (1. 541 -28. 466),44. 970(2. 789 -101. 549),26. 180(1. 085 - 51. 912),45. 196(2. 572 - 205. 674),258. 786(4. 892 -367. 678),14. 585(1. 770 - 49. 662)and 5. 145(1. 005 - 20. 293),respectively. Conclusion High blood pressure, diabetes,lipid disorders,smoking,obesity,unstable plaque,high homocysteine and anti - cardiolipin antibodies were closely related with cerebral infarction in the youth,and it is necessary to prevent and control the influencing factors and diseases.

Objective To evaluate the effect ofendovascular embolization on intracranial aneurysms with detachable coil and detachable balloon and to emphasize the mainpoint of embolization technique.Methods 1328 patients underwent complete cerebral angiography using microcatheter under DSA imaging. 85 cases with 90 aneurysms were embolized by MDS, 825 cases with 847 aneurysms were embolized by GDC, 418 cases with 433 aneurysms were embolized by EDC. 37 of 67 giant aneurysms were embolized by detachable balloon, 18 aneurysms by GDC, 11 aneurysms by EDC, 1 by MDS. Results 1328 patients with 1370 aneurysms were cured successfully; 1 322 cases recovered clinically, 6 patients died. 1 281 aneurysms achieved 100 % occlusion, 65with 95 % occlusion, 20 with 90 % occlusion, and 4with 80 % embolization. 9 aneurysms reputured during the embolization, 5 patients had cerebral infarction, 1 patient died of intractable cerebral vasospasm for microcoil escape. 2 recurrent cases were cured by second GDC embolization. Conclusion The method of endovascular embolization to treat intracranial aneurysm is safe, reliable and effective. Those cases with giant aneurysms will have high recurrence. Patients who suffer from SAH repeatedly may have great possibility of aneurysm rupture during embolization.

Objective To observe the expression of growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF],stromal cell-derived factor-1 [SDF-1 ],basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF],insulin-like growth factor [IGF-1],transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β],platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF],brain derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF],glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF] and nerve growth factor [NGF]) in rat ischemic brain tissues after intravenous implantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and/or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Methods Healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:vehicle group,BMSCs transplantation group,EPCs transplantation group and BMSCs combined with EPCs transplantation group (n=20). The rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO),and 24 h after that,they were intravenously transplanted with either 3×106 BMSCs,EPCs,BMSCs/EPCs or 1 mL physiological saline.Seven d after transplantation,real time-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expressions of VEGF,SDF-1,bFGF,IGF-1,TGF-β,PDGF-BB,BDNF,GDNF and NGF. Results The mRNA expressions of bFGF,VEGF and BNDF in the BMSCs/EPCs transplantation group were significantly higher as compared with those in the other groups (P＜0.05).BMSCs transplantation group enjoyed the highest mRNA levels of NGF,GDNF and TGF-β among all the groups, significantly higher as compared with those in the other groups (P＜0.05),followed by BMSCs/EPCs transplantation group.EPCs transplantation group enjoyed the highest mRNA levels of PDGF,IGF-1 and SDF-1,significantly higher as compared with those in the other groups (P＜ 0.05), followed by BMSCs/EPCs transplantation group. Conclusion BMSCs combined with EPCs implantation can promote the functional rehabilitation in rats after focal cerebral ischemia, which provides new way for improving the transplantation success rate.