The penal stipulation to the subject range about crime of illegal medical practice is too narrow,and there is also a great deal of contradictory regulation between Criminal Law and Practicing Physicians Law so it can not achieve the legislation goal.It is essential to revise the 1st section of "Criminal law "336th in order to expand the subject range and standardize the medical service market of our country.

Objective: To observe the influence of electroacupuncture with different frequencies on rats swimming endurance and sift out the optimal frequency parameter.Methods: Wistar rats were randomly allocated to control group, non-acupoint group and electroacupuncture with low frequency group (EA with 2 Hz group), electroacupuncture with medium frequency group (EA with 15 Hz group), and electroacupuncture with high frequency group (EA with 100 Hz group), acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) were punctured and rats load swimming time was used as an index, and the change of swimming endurance time before and after acupuncture was observed. Results: After electro-acupuncture, swimming time was increased in 15 Hz and 100 Hz groups respectively, with the significant differences between before and after acupuncture (P＜0.05). There was also a significant difference in the percentage of increase in swimming time between 15 Hz group and other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion: It is suggested that electroacupuncture at acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) with a frequency of 15 Hz could enhance rats's swimming endurance, and 15 Hz might be an optimal frequency parameter during the electrical stimulation.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among community patients and their family members in Beijing.Methods Accidental sampling method was used in this cross-sectional study to select patients and their family members who visited a community healthcare center in Beijing from June to September 2008.The subjects were required to complete essential information questionnaire,Beck Depression Inventory,Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to learn the risk factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.Results A total of 2791 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response rate of 90.0％.The participants included 1074 males and 1717 females with mean age (36.8±13.1)years old.The one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 2.8％ (77/2791) or 1.1％ (30/2791),respectively.The one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation was significantly different among the subjects with different professions (x2=12.512,P=0.006),negative events (x2=53.287,P＜0.001),family history of suicide (x2=103.922,P＜0.001),family history of psychiatry diseases (x2=20.640,P＜0.001),hopelessness (x2=77.337,P＜0.001),depression (x2=135.918,P＜0.001) and anxiety (x2=70.303,P＜0.001).The one-year prevalence of suicidal attempt was statistically different among the subjects with different professions (x2=7.954,P=0.037),family history of psychiatry diseases (x2=6.257,P=0.003),hopelessness (x2=29.838,P＜0.001),depression (x2=21.352,P＜0.001) and anxiety (x2=10.014,P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic analysis found that the most important risk factors of suicidal ideation were depression (for mild,moderate and severe depression:odds ratio (OR) 2.38,5.55 and 16.21,respectively; 95％ confidence internal (CI) 1.07-5.31,2.31-13.37 and 6.93-37.92,respectively),family history of suicide (OR=1 1.68,95％CI 5.03-27.10),hopelessness (for mild,moderate and severe hopelessness:OR 3.65,4.25 and 5.02,respectively; 95％ CI 1.55-8.56,1.70-10.65 and 1.46-17.26,respectively),negative life events (OR=2.25,95％ CI 1.35-4.45).The most important risk factors for suicide attempt were hopelessness (for mild,moderate and severe hopelessness:OR 1.09,5.58 and 7.62,respectively; 95％ CI 0.36-3.34,2.03-15.30 and 1.50-38.72,respectively),depression (for mild,moderate and severe depression:OR 1.08,0.27 and 3.02,respectively; 95％ CI 0.43-2.75,0.03-2.29 and 1.05-8.75,respectively) and family history of psychiatry diseases (OR=3.00,95％CI 1.07-8.46).Conclusions Hopelessness and depression could increase the risk of suicide behaviors.Family clinicians should be trained to identify such risk tactors and provide appropriate mental health intervention.

Objective To study the differentially expressed genes and analyze its functional pathways of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP),in order to discover the pathogenesis and provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of ROP.Methods Fetal eyeballs of induced labor were obtained and retinal microvascular endothelial cells were isolated and cultured.The endothelial cells were divided into 7 groups according to the medium of cobalt chloride (CoC12) concentration (0 μ mol/L,100 μ mol/L,150 pμmol/L,200 μmol/L,250 pμmol/L,300 μmol/L,350 μmol/L),and 150 μmol/L CoCl2 was finally used to induce ROP model in vitro.Retinal microvascular endothelial cells were verified by adopting Ⅷ factor and CD31 antibody fluorescence staining.RNA purification,gene chip hybridization and signi-ficant analysis of microarrays were performed to screen differentially expressed genes.Genes functional pathways were studied by using gene ontology analysis software.Results (1) The proliferation activity of vascular endothelial cells decreased when CoCl2 ≥ 150 μmol/L(F =21,P ＜ 0.05).(2) In 150 μmol/L CoC]2 group,blue nucleus and green cytoplasm were visible in the second and the third generation vascular endothelial cells stained by factor Ⅷ antibody,and red fluorescence could also be observed in the cytoplasm by means of CD31 monoclonal antibody staining.However,only blue nucleus was detected in the group without CoCl2.(3)There were 326 genes differently expressed in retinal micro vascular endothelial cells induced by CoCl2 in vitro,among whom,198 genes were up-regulated and 128 genes were down-regulated.Up-regulated expression genes were 1.5 times more than those of the down-regulated genes.(4)Ten biological pathways including cell hypoxia,angiogenesis suppression and iron ion transport etc.may play important roles in ROP pathogenesis.Conclusions Hypoxic retinal microvascular endothelial cells induced by CoCl2 can successfully be used to induce cell model of ROP in vitro.Differentially expressed genes may play an important role in ROP development.Functional pathway such as hypoxic cells,inhibition of angiogenesis,iron ion transport may be associated with ROP pathogenesis.

Aim To investigate the effect of salidroside on the phenotypic expression of osteoblast and the possible molecular mechanism in hypoxia environment.Methods MTT, Annexin V/PI double staining, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity assay and enzyme-linked immnosorbent assay(ELISA) were performed respectively to detect the effect of salidroside on regulating phenotypic expression of MG-63 cells exposed to hypoxia.Then RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the expression levels of Osterix and Runx2 which were related to differentiation.At last, we investigated the expression levels of components of the HIF-1α pathway by RT-PCR,Western blot and ELISA, respectively.Immunofluorescence confocal microscope technology and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α.Results Salidroside could markedly promote MG-63 cell proliferation, inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis, stimulate cell differentiation and promote expression levels of components of the HIF-1α pathway in hypoxia environment.Conclusion Salidroside could regulate phenotypic expression of MG-63 cells through HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway in hypoxia environment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and intubation in very low birth weight preterm infants. Methods One hundred and twenty-three very low birth weight preterm infants with respiratory distress within 60 minutes after birth were randomly assigned to nCPAP (n=63) or intubation group (n=60).Outcomes at 7,28 days and 36 corrected gestational weeks were assessed with x2 or t-test. ResultsThere were no significant difference in fatality rate and incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia between nCPAP group and intubation group [7.9％ (5/63) vs 6.6％(4/60),4.8％(3/63) vs 3.3％(2/60),x2 =0.07and 0.16,P＞0.05].In nCPAP group,the use of pulmonary sulfactant was 27.0％ (17/63),lower than that (83.3 ％,50/60) in intubation group (x2 =39.34,OR=0.3,90 ％ CI:0.2-0.6,P＜0.05) ;The nCPAP group had fewer ventilation support in 28 days [17.5％ (11/63) vs 25.0％ (15/60),OR=0.7,90％ CI:0.4-1.4] and 36 weeks [6.3％ (4/63) vs 8.3％ (5/60),OR=0.8,90％ CI:0.2-2.4] than those in intubation group but without statistical difference (x2=1.05 and 0.01,P＞0.05,respectively).The incidence of air leak in nCPAP group were lower than intubation group [11.1％ (7/63) vs 33.3％ (20/60),x2 =8.86,OR=0.3,90％00 CI:0.2-0.7,P＜0.05].There was no significant difference for other complications between two groups. ConclusionsIn very low birth weight preterm infants,early nCPAP dose not significantly reduce the fatality rate and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as compared with intubation ventilation,but shorten the time of ventilation and lower the incidence of air leak.

Objective To explore, the effect of different dosage of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on the inci-dence of bronchopulmanary dysplasia. Method Four hundred and three premature infants with hyaline membrane disease were divided into 3 groups according to the dose of PS: low-dose group (L-PS group, ≤ 100 mg/kg, n =188) ,high-dose group(H-PS group, > 100 mg/kg, n = 94) and no-PS group (N-PS group, n = 121). The frac-tional inspired oxygen(FiO2) and ptlmonary oxygenating function before and after 6 hours treatment were observed and the durations of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation, frequency of repeated intubafion, length of hospi-talization and the incidence of BPD were compared among the three groups. Results After 6 hours PS administra-tion, the FiO2,oxygen index and duration of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation were significantly decreased (P <0.05), while PO2 and the arterio-alveolar partial pressure of oxygen were significantly increased (P <0.05)in the H-PS and L-PS groups, compared with the N-PS group. Compared with the L-PS and N-PS groups,the H-PS group showed a decreased incidence of BPD. Conclusions PS administration could improve the pul-monary oxygenation and prevent the development of BPD, especially in high-dose.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of peritoneal dialysis(PD) in premature infants with acute renal failure(ARF).Methods In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Guangdong Province Maternal and Children Hospital, 12 premature infants underwent continuous PD due to ARF from March 2012 to March 2015, without using any antibiotics in the dialysis fluid.Before and after dialysis, the changes of serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, potassium and pH were compared.The complications (blockage, leakage, infection and necrotizing enterocolitis) and gastrointestinal nutrition situation were observed.Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 12 premature infants, the underlying causes of ARF were sepsis (n=9), perinatal asphyxia (n=2), twin twin transfusion syndrome (n=l).The average gestational age was (30.9±3.2) weeks, the average body weight (before PD) was (1 461 ±525) g, the duration of PD was (3.8±2.6) d.Complications associated with PD included leakage (n=3) and peritonitis (n=2) in which Candids albicans and Klebsiella pneumonia were identified in ascites.Gastrointestinal nutrition was built up in six cases within one to four days after dialysis, among which one developing necrotizing enterocolitis on the 7th d after feeding.Finally, eight babies died (six died after initiative discontinued treatment and two died because of critically illness) and four patients were cured and discharged.Lower serum urea nitrogen and potassium levels and higher pH value were shown after dialysis than before [(9.16 ± 3.15) vs (12.71 ±6.98) mmol/L;(4.36±0.82) vs (6.24± 1.72) mmol/L;7.32±0.17 vs 7.21 ±0.17;Z=-2.118,-2.197 and-2.981, all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PD is an alternative safe and effective treatment for premature infants with ARF due to its simplicity both in manipulation and equipment requirement.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; toxicity ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Exposure ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

AlM:To analyze and compare the effect of femtosecond laser micro - incision corneal stromal lens excision ( SMlLE) and excimer laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK) in the treatment of myopia after operation, to explore the safety, operability and prediction of SMlLE.METHODS:ln this prospective clinical controlled study, 100 cases ( 200 eyes ) received SMlLE and 100 cases ( 200 eyes) undergone LASl in our hospital in the same period were selected. Uncorrected visual acuity, diopter, corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, intraocular pressure and corneal anterior segment OCT, corneal topography (Obscan ll) of two groups in 1d, 1wk, 1, 3, 6mo, 1a were compared. lndependent samples t test was used for data analysis.RESULTS:1) Postoperative slit lamp examination:after 1d in SMlLE group, there were less eyes had corneal layer between mild cloudy or edema; postoperative 1wk corneal layer disappeared, cornea became clear and transparent. 2 ) Postoperative vision recovery: 1d after operation, vision recovery in LASlK group was better than that in SMlLE group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01), there were no significant differences at 1wk, 1, 3, 6mo, 1a after operation ( P>0. 05 ). 3 ) Obscan ll examination: graphics in the SMlLE group was more regular and placed in the center, no eccentric and irregular graphics, better than that in the LASlK group. 4) Anterior segment OCT examination:postoperative corneal flap in the SMlLE group was more uniform and accurate, but it was thin in the center and slightly thick the peripheral part in the LASlK groups. 5 ) Postoperative visual quality assessment used subjective questionnaire survey. The two groups had statistically significant difference on 4 points and 1 points (P<0. 05). Complains in the LASlK groups were more that that in the SMlLE group. While, no complain of the SMlLE group was higher than that of the LASlK group. Glare of postoperative patients with night vision and dark environment in the SMlLE group was better than that of the LASlK group.CONCLUSlON: SMlLE is safe, effective, stable and predictable for the correction of myopia.