Cardiovascular disease is currently the number one killer of human health. Studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a key factor in physiological processes such as energy metabolism and oxidative stress, which also involved in regulating mitochondrial biosynthesis. PGC-1α is closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. This article briefly describes the research progress of PGC-1α in cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine on the expression of NMDA receptor-1(NRⅠ)in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia and the possible mechanism of the neuroprotection.Methods Forty healthy male SD rats weighing 250-290g were randomly divided into 2 group(n=20 each):groupⅠketamine and groupⅡpentobarbital.The aminals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine 60 mg?kg~(-1) in groupⅠor pentobarbital 40 mg?kg~(-1) in groupⅡ.Focal cerebral ischemia was produced by permanent middle cerebral artery occludion(MCAO).The animals were killed at 24 h and 72 h of MCAO and their brains removed for determination of infarct size,the number of living neurons in the penumbra and the expression of NRⅠprotein(immuno- histochemistry).Results The infarct size was significantly smaller;the number of living neurons in penumbra significantly larger and NRⅠexpression significantly down-regulated in ketamine group than in pentobarbital group.Conclusion Ketamine can protect the brain against ischemia through downregulation of NMDA receptor-1.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Health Care Surveys ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Waste Disposal ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health ; Personnel, Hospital ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss the hemostasis of the different polarities of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum (PCC) on the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model induced by dry yeast.

METHODThe SD rats were divided into seven groups. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug. The rats in the control group and model group were fed with CMC-Na for 7 days, and the rats in other groups were fed with corresponding drugs simultaneously. On day 7, the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model was established. Indexes including the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen content (FIB), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), blood platelet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP were detected. Additionally, the pathological examinations of lungs among each group were compared.

RESULTCompared with the control group, the RBC, HGB and HCT of rats in the model group increased significantly, with distinct increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of rats in the model group; TT and APTT were notably prolonged, while PT was notably shortened, with significant increase in FIB content; PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW remarkably increased; Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly decreased. After ig administration of the ethyl acetate extract of PCC, the low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity remarkably decreased; TT and APTT were significantly shortened, with notable reduction in PDW and in FIB content Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly increased. The injury of lungs was also improved in ethyl acetate extract group. The rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP of n-butanol extract group notablly increased. Plasma viscosity of water extract group remarkably decreased, with TT being significantly shortened. But the effects of n-butanol extract or water extract were weaker than that of ethyl acetate extract. And the effect of petroleum ether extract was the weakest.

CONCLUSIONEthyl acetate extract is the active part of PCC, showing the effect of hemostasis by reducing the low whole blood and plasma viscosity, improving coagulation function mainly by acting on the endogenous coagulation, and ameliorating the function of platelet aggregation.

Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Cupressaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Filtration ; Hemostatics ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Male ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thrombin Time

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; External Fixators ; Extremities ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate left ventricular diastolic and systolic function of the dogs during different status of acute myocardial ischemia with velocity vector imaging (VVI). Methods Six healthy mongrel dogs were enrolled. Home-made artery constrictor was placed in the proximal coronary artery after opening the chest of dogs to produced different grades of coronary artery stenosis. Mean of peak diastolic velocity (Em), peak strain rate of diastole (Esr), mean of peak systolic velocity (Sm), peak strain rate of systole (Ssr), ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular pressure were measured. Results There was good linear correlation between Em and Esr by VVI and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (r=-0.834, P＜0.001 and r=-0.703, P＜0.001, respectively). Em and LVEDP had better correlation than that between Esr and LVEDP (P=0.032). Sm, Ssr or EF had significant correlation with +dp/dt_(max) (r=0.883, P＜0.001, r=0.772, P＜0.001 and r=0.647, P＜0.001, respectively). Significant difference was observed for correlation coefficient between Em and Esr and EF (P＜0.001). Conclusion Em and Sm are sensitive echocardiography indexes to evaluate left ventricular diastolic and systolic function, and are better than EF, Esr and Ssr.

Adolescent ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dystonic Disorders ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To evaluate the relationship between Multi-slices spiral(MSCT) perfusion and microvessel density (MVD) in maxillofacial tumors. Methods Thirty-one cases of maxillofacial tumors were studied with MSCT perfusion imaging before operation. The time-density curve, perfusion, time to peak(TTP), and Peak enhancement imaging (PEI) of tumors were calculated. MVD of the tumors was measured with immuno-histochemical method by means of detecting factor Ⅷ in all the histologic specimens. Relativity analysis was carried between MSCT perfusion imaging parameters, perfusion curve types and MVD. Results MVD of maxillofacial tumors were higher than normal tissue. MVD remarkably correlated with malignancy of the tumors. Perfusion and time to peak (TTP) correlated well with MVD(t=7.09,4.10, P0.05). Significant difference of MVD in three types of perfusion curve was found(F=8.09,P

Internal lenticonus is a very rare morphologic abnormality of crystalline lens which has been reported in only several cases in the literature. We herein reported the clinical characteristics and surgical findings of the anterior internal lenticonus accompanied by congenital nuclear cataract. Cataract extraction accompanied with intraocular lens implantation was uneventfully performed, and a good visual outcome was achieved in this case. Viral infection during embryonal and fetal period might account for the formation of the anterior internal lenticonus and congenital nuclear cataract in our case.
Cataract Extraction ; methods ; Humans ; Lens Diseases ; surgery ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; methods ; Lens, Crystalline ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Visual Acuity

The superantigen,such as staphylococcal enterotoxins, had been identified as possible anti-cancer molecules in many reports. In this paper, we cloned the entA gene encoding Staphylococcal enterotoxin A from the genomic DNA of Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC13565) by PCR, the sequence cloned was accordance with that reported in Genebank. The entA gene could be expressed effectively after inserted into plasmid pET-22b( + ), The rSEA was expressed as inclusion bodies when induced by IPTG at 37 degrees C and became soluble after induced at low temperature, the soluble part is about 55% of total rSEA products. Only one band was detected by western-blotting in expression product of BL-21 (DE3) with pET-SEA. The soluble rSEA was purified by Ni2+ chelating sepharose column. No other protein except rSEA was seen in SDS-PAGE gel stained by both Coomassie brilliant blue and silver salt, which showed that the rSEA was purified effectively. Homology modeling of rSEA determined the structure change was conducted, which indicated there was no apparent structure change between rSEA and native SEA. This result was also confirmed by proliferation assay of PBMC, for the rSEA could induced proliferation of PBMC as effectively as native SEA. The increasing anti-tumor activity of rSEA was also detected after the spleen cell activated in vivo by rSEA, which was accordance with others reports. This work paved the way for the further study of anti-cancer with rSEA.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enterotoxins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Solubility