Andrology ; methods ; trends ; China ; Humans ; Male

From the point of view of law and taking the non-full civil capacity patients as the object,this paper introduces the connotation and type of such patients in detail,and the specialization of the status,contents and forms of communication as the main body of doctor-patient communication,and make related study on the significance and problems of such special communication,hoping to put forward a new idea,which is helpful for the further theory and practice study on doctor-patient communication,and build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.

Objective To summarize the experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomhy(LC) in the treatment of acute cholecystitis in senile patients. Methods A retrospective review was made on 279 cases of LC in senile patients,involving 263 cases of acute calculous cholecystitis,8 cases of gallbladder adenoma,5 cases of polypoid gallbladder lesions,and 3 cases of acute cholecystitis with unknown causes.Out of the 279 cases,there were 25 cases of gallbladder hydrops accompanying stones impacted in the neck and 23 cases of atrophic cholecystitis. Results The success rate of LC was 87.5%(244/279),and LC was converted to open surgery in 35 cases.No serious complications or fatal cases happened. Conclusions For senile patients,acute cholecystitis is often complicated with other diseases,which increases peri-operative risks.To prevent and minimize the occurrence of complications,strict adherence to surgical indications,proper management of co-morbidities,and broadening indications of conversions to open surgery are all considered essential.

Objective The changes of cytokine expression on a genomic scale in CD4 + cell of mice c hronically infected with Schistosoma japonicum and their roles in the pathog enesis of schistosomiasis were studied. Methods CD4 + cells were isolated from sp le ens of mice 13 wk infected with Schistosoma japonicum. We used the cDNA micr oarr ay technique to explore the cytokine gene expression profile of CD4 + cells f ro m normal and chronic infected mice. Three-color flow cytometry was performed to study intracellular protein levels of IFN-?、IL-4 of CD4 + cell. Results In the CD4 + cell of chronically infected mice, IL-4 was remarkably increase d at both transcription and protein expression levels (P

Prediabetes is an abnormal condition between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is an indicator of high-risk state of prediabetes. Positive interventions of IGT, including life style changes and pharmacological intervention, can effectively postpone and reduce the development of prediabetes into type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting that IGT is a key point of diabetes prevention. Currently, pharmacological intervention for prediabetes is still at early stage. In this review, we summarizes recent clinical and preclinical studies on pharmacological intervention for prediabetes, and studies in the development of animal models with IGT and the application of new techniques. We also discuss the prospects of drugs for diabetes prevention, especially with the traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Prediabetic State ; drug therapy

Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; DNA Methylation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oxides ; pharmacology

Myoblast line C_2C_ 12 cells were co-cultured with various concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Being induced by GLP-1, myoblast line C_2C_ 12 cells have the potential to differentiate into cells which are able to secrete insulin-like substance.

Data Collection ; methods ; Metabolomics ; methods

Objective: To observe the influence of electroacupuncture with different frequencies on rats swimming endurance and sift out the optimal frequency parameter.Methods: Wistar rats were randomly allocated to control group, non-acupoint group and electroacupuncture with low frequency group (EA with 2 Hz group), electroacupuncture with medium frequency group (EA with 15 Hz group), and electroacupuncture with high frequency group (EA with 100 Hz group), acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) were punctured and rats load swimming time was used as an index, and the change of swimming endurance time before and after acupuncture was observed. Results: After electro-acupuncture, swimming time was increased in 15 Hz and 100 Hz groups respectively, with the significant differences between before and after acupuncture (P＜0.05). There was also a significant difference in the percentage of increase in swimming time between 15 Hz group and other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion: It is suggested that electroacupuncture at acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) with a frequency of 15 Hz could enhance rats's swimming endurance, and 15 Hz might be an optimal frequency parameter during the electrical stimulation.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a kind of immune regulation enzyme.IDO is the only rate-limiting enzyme that can catalyze the oxidative clearage of indole ring in tryptophan and its catabolism along the kynurenine pathway.IDO1 is one of the important mechanisms in maternal immune tolerance,which participates in the regulation of maternal-fetal immune relationship.The newly discovered IDO2 also plays an important role in this relationship.The abnormal expression of IDO2 is associated with the male infertility.