Objective To investigate the distribution of blood pressure and incidence of hypertension in children and adolescents from the urban area of Guiyang city aged 8-17 years old,in order to provide scientific evidence for preventing hypertension.Methods Seven thousand nine hundred and sixty-three primary and secondary students were sampled and standardized in blood pressure,height and weight.In accordance with the Working Group on Obesity in China(WGOC)recommendations,the subjects were divided into overweight,obesity and normal weight group,then the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index(BMI)and the prevalence of hypertension in different BMI groups were analyzed.Results 1.Compared with the USA and Shanghai city,the distribution of blood pressure in children and adolescents from the urban area of Guiyang city were different(Pa

Equipment Design ; Humans ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers

Objective To investigate the clinical application of the combined the anterior malleolus flap and anterior tibia flap. Methods Based on the dissection of the perforating branches of anterior tibial artery on the middle and inferior section, the combined the anterior malleolus flap and anterior tibia flap was designed to repair the necrotic skin of anterior foot for 5 patients. The sizes of the flaps ranged from 17 cm×10 cm-10 cm× 5 cm. And the area of the flap was from tibial tuberosity(upper bound) to the line between internal malleolus and external malleolus (lower bound), and from the median line of one side of leg to the other side. Results Postoperatively, all flaps survived, and the primary healing of transplanted skin in donor site was achieved. The texture of flaps were excellent, the phenomenon of abrasion did not happen, and the clinical therapeutic efficacy was satisfactory after a follow up of 2-24 months. Conclusion It's a good method that combined the anterior malleohls flap and anterior tibia flap, which not only could enlarge the area of the flap but also has reliable blood supply, in repair of large size skin defect of anterior foot.

OBJECTIVETo study the overexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for repairing articular cartilage injury in vivo.

METHODSRabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentivirus vector containing Sox9 gene and then cartilage specific molecule was detected by RT-PCR in vitro. Total 48 knee joints of 24 mature New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different defect treatment. After animals anesthesia,a full-thickness cylindrical cartilage defect of 4 mm diameter and 3 mm deep was created in the patellar groove using a stainlesssteel punch. Meanwhile, the transfected cells were implanted to repair the rabbit model with full-thickness cartilage defects. Cartilage defects tissue was observed with light microscope, electron microscope, HE and immunohistochemistry staining to assess the repair of defects by the complex at 6 weeks or 12 weeks after the implantation.

RESULTSAt 3 days after the transfection, Sox9 gene expression was highest and Sox9 gene expression decreased with the increase of time. At 3 days after the transfection, the expression of collagen type II began and reached the peak at 14 days. It showed that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells went into chondrogenic differentiation after transfected by Sox9 gene. Histological observation showed that at 6 weeks after the operation, the defects in the experimental group was filled with hyaline like cartilage tissue, 12 weeks after operation,the defects of cartilage and subchondral bone had satisfactory healing. Both at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the defects were filled with fibrous tissues in control groups. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical staining of sections with type II collagen antibodies showed the proteins in the regenerated tissue stained positive for type II collagen and stronger than the control groups. The histological scoring system indicated that the cartilage repair of experiment groups were better than the two control groups with statistical significances.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote the repair of cartilage defect.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; metabolism ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rabbits ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering

Objective To investigate the effect of RNA interference(RNAi) on inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) replication through comparing the anti-RSV activities between pshRNA7816 and ribavirin in cell culture system.Methods The recombinated plasmid pshRNA7816 and ribavirin was added to HEp-2 cells.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to detect cytotoxicity of pshRNA7816 and ribavirin on normal HEp-2 cells and protective effects of them on RSV infected HEp-2 cells.The effects of pshRNA7816 and ribavirin on change of cytopathogenic effect(CPE) of HEp-2 cells induced by RSV infection were observed through microscopically.Results pshRNA7816 had not significant toxicity on the growth of HEp-2 cells,but the ribavirin had significant toxicity when the concentration above 1.0 mmol/L.The pshRNA7816 and ribavirin could alleviate the CPE of HEp-2 cells induced by RSV infection,but the pshRNA7816 showed a more potent inhibition than ribavirin.The inhibition rates of pshRNA7816 were significantly higher than the maximum inhibition rate of ribavirin on RSV infection(P

Aim:To construct the short hairpin small interfering RNA(shRNA) eukaryotic expression vector specific to mouse lectin like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1(LOX-1) gene and to observe its silencing effect on LOX-1 in RAW264.7 cells.Methods:(1)The pLOX-1-shRNA expression vector was constructed by gene recombination,Then transfected into the cultured RAW264.7 cells.At 48 h after Transfection,the expression of LOX-1 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR,the expression of LOX-1 proteins examined by Western blot.(2) Oil Red O Dyeing experiment was used to show the cellular lipid droplets in lipid-loaded cells.The method of cholesterol oxidase analysis was performed to determine the content of cellular cholesterol.The ability of uptake Dil-ox-LDL in RAW264.7 cells was assayed by fluorescence microscopy.Results: pLOX-1-shRNA expression vector was successfully constructed.Transfection of pLOX-1-shRNA expression vector into RAW264.7 cells down regulaled the expression level of LOX-1 gene,as compared with the control group,transfection of the RAW264.7 cells with LOX 1-shRNA led to a remarkable reduction of the number macrophages transformed into foam cell,and could suppress the uptake of ox-LDL.Conclusion:The pLOX-1-shRNA expression vector can inhibit the expression of LOX 1 in RAW264.7 cells and the transformation of the macrophages into foam,which may he beneficial in searching new gene therapy of atherosclerosis.

AIM:To observe the recovery of corneal subbasal nerves after laser - assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK), femto-second lenticule extraction ( FLEx ) and small incision lenticule extraction ( SMILE) .
METHODS: Confocal microscopy was used to observe subbasal nerves 1mo after surgery in 12 eyes of 12 LASEK patients, 12 eyes of 12 LASIK patients, 12 eyes of 12 FLEx patients and 12 eyes of 12 SMILE patients as well as some other follow-up times.
RESULTS: Subbasal nerves 1mo after SMILE were almost complete and regular, showing no significant differences from those 2wk after surgery or even unoperated eyes. The nerves cut off at the incision were well involuted 1mo after surgery. Subbasal nerves were damaged in different degrees and got repaired to form communicating branches with time lapse after LASEK, LASIK and FLEx.
CONCLUSION: SMILE exerted small infections on subbasal nerves. It may be superior to other corneal refractive surgeries in terms of postoperative nerve recovery.

Chinese traditional medicine has provided, since ancient times, a basis for health care and medicine to the Chinese nation and for China's national stability. Identification of the constituents responsible for therapeutic and undesired effects of Chinese herbal medicines is a type of key research facilitating the modernization of these medicines. For a complex Chinese herbal medicine, multi-compound pharmacokinetic research is a useful approach to identifying its constituents that are bioavailable (in their unchanged and/or metabolized forms) at loci responsible for the medicine's therapeutic action and to characterizing the compounds' disposition and pharmacokinetics related to the action. In addition, such pharmacokinetic research is also useful for identifying herbal compounds associated with the medicine's adverse effects and drug-drug interaction potential. Over the past decade, great advances have been achieved in the theory, methodology, associated techniques, and their application of such multi-compound pharmacokinetic research, which has become an emerging field in pharmacokinetics. In this perspective, we elaborate on the methodology, technical requirements, and key analytical techniques of multi-compound pharmacokinetic research on Chinese herbal medicines, describe research examples regarding investigation of pharmacokinetics and disposition of a class of bioactive herbal constituents (ginsenosides of Panax notoginseng root) and pharmacokinetics-based identification of potential therapeutic compounds from a dosed Chinese herbal medicine (LianhuaQingwen capsule), and discuss follow-up development for the multi-compound pharmacokinetic research.

Echocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Myxoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Tricuspid Valve ; physiopathology ; surgery

BACKGROUND:The output of computed tomography (CT) is Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), whereas the input of three-dimensional (3D) printing is an object Standard Template Library model represented by a triangular mesh. The process of data handing and forrmat conversion are keys to the combination of these two techniques. OBJECTIVE:To explore how to convert CT data into a stereoscopic 3D model efficiently. METHODS:The DICOM in Medicine format data of the patients with femoral fractures were edited and produced by Mimics. We made a 3D model by adjusting the parameters of the 3D printer slicing software, and discussed the significance of 3D model in medical field, especially orthopedics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mimics software is the bridge to connect two-dimensional CT scan images and 3D images, to create a 3D model by editing the data of DICOM which comes from the CT scanner, with a 3D printing technology. The 3D Model can help doctors for routine clinical diagnosis and treatment, to improve the communication between doctors and patients and the quality of clinical medical teaching. 3D printing also makes medicine more personalized, remote, minimally invasive, and promote the development of medicine to the direction of digital medicine.