Actually in China there has already been much clinical transplantation which takes foetus as the donor,however,there is no regulation or law to restrict it,which is not good for the overall development of national transplantation career.The text discusses the qualification of the transplantation by taking foetus as the donor and the conflicts in different relationships during the process of the transplantation,quotes the correlation of the American legislation and provides the necessity and principles of similar legislation in combination with national circumstances,expecting to give some references for national legislation on fetal tissue transplantation.

The paper discusses the necessity of English teaching courses in medical and law area,the setup of the course and the details which should be emphasized.Combined with the experience of American health and law teaching,the author expects to give some information for the benefit of our national health and law major courses construction.

Objective:To study the efficacy comparison between the antibacterial catheter and common central venous catheter in ICU patients.Methods: The 110 ICU patients with central venous catheter were randomized into the control group (common central venous catheter)and the observation group (antibacterial catheter), 55 patients per group. The success rate of catheter, the averange catheter days, complications, and the incidence of catheter-related infection (CRI)and pathogen distribution in the two groups were observed and compared.Results: Compared with the control group, the success rate of catheter was significantly increased(100.0% vs 81.8%,x2=11.00,P<0.05), the averange catheter days were obviously reduced(12.5±3.0 vs 13.5±3.0,t=3.49,P<0.05)days, the incidences of complications (red and swelling in puncture site(3.6% vs 27.3%,x2=11.76,P<0.05), fluid in puncutre site (3.6% vs 21.8%,x2=8.18,P<0.05), catheter herniation(1.8% vs 20.0%,x2=9.35,P<0.05)were significantly decreased in the observation group with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The antibacterial catheter can significantly reduce the incidence of CRI for ICU patients and improve the security of central venous catheter.

Objective To investigate the indications and clinical efficacy of an exclusive right-thoracic approach in esophageal surgery.Methods The clinical data of 35 patients with esophageal disease who underwent an exclusive right-thoracic approach operation from June 2008 to June 2010 at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 35 patients,21 were with esophageal cancer,and their ages were above 70 years,the partial pressure of oxygen of arterial blood (PaO2),maximal voluntary ventilation and forced vital capacity of the first second were (70 ± 9) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),51％ ± 9％ and 57％ ± 11％,respectively.Fourteen patients were with benign esophageal disease or low grade malignancy,and their PaO2 maximal voluntary ventilation and forced vital capacity of the first second were (96 ± 13) mm Hg,83％ ± 11％ and 91％± 14％,respectively.Exclusive right-thoracic approach was selected for all the patients,and surgical procedure was selected according to the location of the lesions.Patients were followed up by out-patient examination or phone call till April 2012.Results All the operations were carried out successfully,21 patients with esophageal cancer underwent partial esophagus resection and stomach-esophagus intrathoracic anastomosis through a right-thoracic approach.Of the 14 patients with benign esophageal disease or low grade malignancy,2 patients were with esophageal leiomyoma,3 with esophageal stromal tumor and 1 with esophageal leiomyomatosis underwent partial esophagus resection + intrathoracic anastomosis ; 7 patients with esophageal leiomyoma and 1 with esophageal stromal tumor underwent tumor extirpation.The operation time and operative blood loss were (3.4 ± 1.8)hours and (160 ± 44)ml,respectively.The number of lymph node dissected of the 21 patients with esophageal tumor was 14 ± 5,including 1.1 ± 0.7 lymph nodes dissected near the left gastric artery.No anastomosis fistula and perioperative death were detected,and the duration of hospital stay was (10 ± 4)days.The postoperative PaO2,maximal voluntary ventilation and forced vital capacity of the first second were (66 ± 10)mm Hg,50％± 11％ and 51％ ± 13％ for patients with esophageal cancer,and (94 ± 13) mm Hg,80％ ± 13％ and 87％ ± 16％ for patients with benign esophageal disease or low grade malignancy.All the patients were followed up for 1-2 years,no eating obstruction was detected,and the postoperative 1-and 2-year survival rate were 82.9％(29/35) and 77.1％ (27/35),respectively.Of the 8 patients with esophageal cancer who died postoperatively,1 died of cardiovascular diseases and 7 died of tumor recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion Exclusive rightthoracic appraoch could be used for patients with benign esophageal disease,low-grade malignancy and old esophageal cancer patients with poor pulmonary function.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Xiaoaiping shows a pharmacological activity in treatment of breast cancer. Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been more and more widely used in treatment of breast cancer in recent years, no report has been made about the clinical efficacy and mechanism of the combined application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Xiaoaiping in treatment of breast cancer. In this study, 66 patients with breast cancer were selected and divided into the control group and the treatment group evenly with the random number table method. All patients received TEC neoadjuvant chemotherapy. On that basis, the treatment group also received the adjuvant therapy of Xiaoaiping injection (60 mL, i. v. , qd). The short-term response rate and the follow-up survival rate of the two groups were observed and compared. Surgical specimens of the patient were collected to observe and compare their expressions of estrogen receptor ER-α36 in breast cancer tissues with the immunohistochemical method. According to the findings, the overall response rate of the treatment group was 78.79%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (57.58% , χ2 = 5.48, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed significant increases in the disease-free survival (DFS) rate and the total survival rate at the 3rd year and 5th year (all P < 0.05) , and a notable reduction in ER-α36 expression in breast cancer tissues (P < 0.05). Based on the our results, Xiaoaiping can significantly enhance short-term ad long-term efficacies of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Its mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of ER-α 36 expression in breast cancer tissues.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; mortality ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To compare operative and non-operative treatments for intraarticular fractures of distal radius by meta-analysis. Methods The literature which had been published in English or Chinese from 1988 to 2008 on comparison between operative and non-operative treatments of intraartieular fractures of distal radius were searched for on line.Three Chinese papers and 2 English ones were eligibly included in this meta-analysis.The clinical data of the 5 papers were collected for comparing wrist function,reduction on X-rays,complications and patient's satisfaction. Results Operative treatment resulted in better reduction on X-rays,better wrist function and fewer complications but lower patient's satisfaetion than non-operative treatment. Conclusion The operative treatment should be recommended for intraarticular fractures of distal radius,but meanwhile the needs and expectations of the patient should be also addressed.

Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Quinuclidines ; therapeutic use

The goal of radiologic intervention in patients with membranous or segmental ob struction of inferior vena cava(Budd-Chiari Syndrome)is to relieve the major venous obstruction, control portal hypertension and prevent further hepatocellular damage until collateral hepatic venous outflow channels can develop.Percutaneous balloon angioplasty(PTA)was used to treat 15 patients with this syndrome who were followed up for an average of 30.57?13.57 months(range,8～48 months).In occlusion,PTA can be considered a safe and effective treatment at least patency of one hepatic vein.The therapy is not definitive,multiple treatment are required for the long-term care of the ptients who all hepatic vein are obliterated.

Cancer is one of the major harmful diseases threatening human health and life. Development of angiogenesis inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenesis has become an important topic in the field of antitumor. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a primary factor in growth and differentiation of vascular endothelial cell, plays an important role in angiogenesis. VEGF receptors include vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGFR2. VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway is a critical pathway in regulating tumor angiogenesis. The amount of new blood vessels in tumor could be reduced and the proliferation, invasion, metastasis of tumor could be inhibited by treatment targeting VEGF/VEGFR. Traditional Chinese medicine possesses characteristic in the treatment of cancer, and it has huge potential in screening and developing tumor-angiogenesis inhibitors. Progress in research of natural products targeting VEGF/VEGFR was reviewed in this paper to provide reference for further study and development of these products.

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of 80% ETOH extract from rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC; the structures of the compounds were determined by MS and NMR spectral analysis. Results: Ten constituents were identified from rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC, including tectoridin (I), acetovanillone (II), 4-hydroxy-acetophenone (III), β-sitosterol (IV), β-daucosterol (V), 5, 7, 4′-trihydroxyl-3′, 5′-dimethoxyflavone (VI), luteolin (VII), apigenin (VIII), 5,7,4′-trihydroxyflavanones (IX), and isorhamnetin (X). Conclusion: Compounds VI, VI, VIII, and IX have been isolated from rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis for the first time.