AlM: To discuss the application effect of surgical simulator to improve the microsurgical skills in junior ophthalmologist. METHODS: Lecture teaching, training in surgical simulator and operation in animal eyes were received in all these ophthalmologists. Results of the ability of operation in cataract surgery after this training were analyzed. RESULTS: After taught theory, students completed cataract surgical procedures on simulator and the mean test score was 75. 91 ± 6. 53 points. After trained on simulator repeatedly, the mean test score was 85. 57±4. 64 points. There was statistically significant difference ( P<0. 01) . During the third stage of practicing on animal eyes, the score was 89. 77 ± 7. 61 points, there was statistically significant difference compared with former two stages (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Comprehensive training can improve microsurgical skills of junior ophthalmologist, but the long effect need to be observed.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Quinazolines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism

Objective To study the efficacy of chitosan on rehabilitation treatment after sinuses open surgery .Methods Fifty-six cases patients after sinuses open surgery were collected during June 2013 to October 2014 and divided into experimental group and control group by random sampling method, 28 cases in each group.The experimental group were smeared with chitosan on surface after cleaning by normal saline, while control group cleaned by normal saline alone.The efficacy, adhesion of nasal mucosa and time of mucosa complete epithelialization in two groups at three and six months were analysed while out-patient review.ResuIts After three and six months, the total effective rate of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group[85.71% vs.60.71%(χ2 =4.46,P<0.05);92.86% vs.67.86%(χ2 =5.54,P<0.05)].The time of mucosa complete epithelialization in experimental group was (50.4 ±6.5)d, which was shorter than (62.3 ±7.5)d of control group (t=6.34,P<0.05).After three and six months, the nasal mucosa without adhesion in experimental group was better than that in control group (χ2 =5.60, χ2 =5.49;P<0.05). ConcIusion Chitosan can promote nasal mucosa epithelialization, reduce adhesion of nasal mucosa, improve the postoperative curative effect of chronic nasal-sinusitis.

Objective To observe the effects of astragaloside Ⅳ on electrocardiogram (ECG) and action potential of ventricular myocytes in guinea pigs. Methods ECG was recorded in vivo and ex vivo by using conventional ECG recording method from anesthetic guinea pigs and Langendoff perfusion model of hearts. Action potentials were recorded from isolated papillary muscles of right ventricles of guinea pigs by using microelectrode techniques. Results RR interval was prolonged by Astragaloside Ⅳ in a dose-dependent manner both in vivo and ex vivo. Astragaloside Ⅳ shortened action potential duration (APD), while had no effects on resting potential, action potential amplitude and maximal rate of depolarization. Conclusion Astragaloside Ⅳ exerts a negative chronotropic effect on heart and shortens APD of cardiac myocytes, which may be involved with calcium channels.

Objective This study was to explore the prevalence of overweight and obesity,and the effects of contextual and individual level determinants on them in the rural areas of Kunming city.China.Methods Shilin County was selected as the study site.Probability Proportional to Size(PPS)sampling method was used to select representative sample of 6006 residents aged 45 years and over from Shilin.Information was obtained from a cross-sectional survey on health.Data was analyzed using a muhilevel logistic modeling.Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 12.10% and 2.15% in the study area.Males had a higher prevalence of overweight than females(13.60% vs.10.71%).Similar situation was seen in the prevalence of obesity(2.82% vs.1.52%).Both village level and individual level variables were associated with obesity.whereas only individual level variables were related to overweight.Elderly had lower probability of being overweight and obese than younger people with odds ratio(OR)as 0.95(95% CI:0.83-0.97)and 0.93(95% CI:0.82-0.96),respectively.Males had higher probability of being overweight and obese than females:OR of 0.89(95% CI:0.78-0.98)and OR of 0.87(95% CI:0.78-0.97),respectively.Individuals with lower family income had increased probability of having obesity (OR=0.81,95% CI:0.73-0.95).Factor as living in a higher income village was associated with lower prevalence of obesity(OR=0.92,95% CI:0.85-0.98).Conclusion Interventions at village level on obesity in parallel with those at individual level were needed.Prevention and intervention on obesity should be emphasized in villages with higher income.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between Multi-slices spiral(MSCT) perfusion and microvessel density (MVD) in maxillofacial tumors. Methods Thirty-one cases of maxillofacial tumors were studied with MSCT perfusion imaging before operation. The time-density curve, perfusion, time to peak(TTP), and Peak enhancement imaging (PEI) of tumors were calculated. MVD of the tumors was measured with immuno-histochemical method by means of detecting factor Ⅷ in all the histologic specimens. Relativity analysis was carried between MSCT perfusion imaging parameters, perfusion curve types and MVD. Results MVD of maxillofacial tumors were higher than normal tissue. MVD remarkably correlated with malignancy of the tumors. Perfusion and time to peak (TTP) correlated well with MVD(t=7.09,4.10, P0.05). Significant difference of MVD in three types of perfusion curve was found(F=8.09,P

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Femur ; injuries ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafting with anchor repair for the treatment of chronic achilles tendon rupture and severe scarring.

METHODSFrom April 2010 to October 2012,26 patients with chronic achilles tendon rupture(with Myerson type III ) and severe scarring were treated with autologous semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafting with anchor repair. There were 19 males and 7 females,with an average age of 32 years old (ranged, 22 to 47 years). The time from injury to surgery was from 3 to 12 months (7 months on average). The plantar flexion strength of all injuried feet attenuated and single heel rise test were positive in 26 cases before operation. Plaster immobilization and routine rehabilitation therapy were performed after operation. Clinical effects were evaluated by Arner-lindholm criterion and complications were observed after operation.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with a mean of 16 months. No complications such as achilles tendon re-rupture, wound infection, etc were found during follow-up period. According to the Arner-Lindholm standard, 15 cases got excellent results and 11 good.

CONCLUSIONUsing autologous semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts with anchor repair to treat chronic achilles tendon rupture and severe scarring is a perfect surgical procedure.

Achilles Tendon ; injuries ; surgery ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rupture ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the prophylactic efficacy of combination of ganciclovir and acy- clovir or acyclovir alone against cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.Methods A to- tal of 217 renal transplant recipient(124 men and 93 women;mean age,32 years;age range,16-72 years) were divided into 3 groups randomly.In 51 cases,acyclovir was taken orally at a dose of 400 mg,3/d,from the third d to 3 months after transplantation.In 74 cases,ganciclovir was administered at a dose of 250 mg/d intravenously from the 21st d to 27th d to replace Acyclovir.In 92 cases,no prophylaxis against eytomegalov- irus pneumonia was performed.All patients were followed 3 months after transplantation.Comparison of the incidence rates of cytomegalovirus pneumonia among the 3 groups was performed using Fisher's exact test. Results Cytomegalovirus pneumonia developed in 20 cases in the 3 groups,including 4 cases(5.4%) in combined use group,2 cases(3.9%)in acyclovir alone group,and 14 cases(15.2%)in control group. Significant difference existed between the 2 experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).However,no signifi- cant difference existed between the 2 experimental groups(P＞0.05).Of the 20 cases,17(85.0%)were cured,and 3 died of respiratory failure.Conclusions Ganciclovir and acyclovir have prophylactic effect a- gainst cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.These 2 medications are inexpensive,and the patients have good compliance.

Objective To probe into the clinical curative effect of laparoscopic high ligation of spermatic vein in the treatment of critical varicocele.Methods The clinical data of the 26 eases of laparoscopic high ligation of apermatic vein in the treatment of critical varicocde were reviewed and analyzed in the last two years in this hospi- tal.Results All the 26 cases had been conducted smoothly with the operation time 25～50min,an average of(28?3)min.After 3～24 months being followed-up,all the symptoms and signs disappeared with no relapse and testicle a- trophy.Eight wives of the patients who had been operated on got pregnant.Conclusion With soon recovery and small wound,it was safe to adopt laparoscopic high ligation of spermatic vein in the treatment of critical varicocele, especially for critical two-sided varicocde.