OBJECTIVETo evaluate the operation time and clinical effect of three types of materials (i.e., total-etching adhesive, self-etching adhesive, resin-modified glass ionomer cement) that are used to bond removable thermoplastic appliances.

METHODSThirty malocclusion patients (156 attachments) with removable thermoplastic appliances were randomly divided into three groups, with 10 individuals each. Attachments of groups A and B were bonded using 3M Adper Single Bond 2 and 3M Adper Easy One, respectively; both adhesives utilized 3M Z350 nano composite resin. Attachments of group C was directly bonded using GC Fuji Ortho LC. The operation time of each attachment was recorded. Failure rates of adhesion were evaluated during adhesion, 1 month after treatment, and 6 months after treatment.

RESULTSThe operation time of group C was shorter than those of groups A and B (P<0.01). Significant difference of adhesion failure rates was not found among the three groups (P>0.05). No significant difference of adhesion failure rates was also observed in different times of the same group (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe attachment stability of the three types of materials achieved satisfactory effects. However, the operation method of resin-modified glass ionomer cement is more concise and suitable for clinical promotion.

Acrylic Resins ; Adhesives ; Aluminum Silicates ; Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Cements ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Resin Cements

AIM: To observe the effects of carvedilol on murine viral myocarditis model. METHODS: A total of 188 inbred male BALB/c mice of 4-6 weeks were divided into 4 groups: myocarditis group (group C, n=60), metoprolol treatment group (group M, n=60), carvedilol treatment group (group K, n=60), control group (group B, n=8). Myocardial histopathololgic changes were observed. The concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Western blotting was performed to analyze the contents of phosphorylated p38MAPK in myocardium. RESULTS: Metropolol and carvedilol lightened myocardial histopathololgic changes at acute stage, decreased cTn-I concentrations and myocardial phosphorylated p38MAPK value compared with myocarditis group. Treatment with carvedilol was more effective than treated with metropolol on those indexes. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol protects against viral myocarditis by inhibition of p38MAPK signal transduction pathway through blockade of β_1 and β_2 adrenergic receptors.

Based on new material and technic, the design of general structure, stretcher fixture, vibration isolation, carriage baffle fixture, ergonomical parameters selection for a new kind of stretcher suspension named added equipment for transporting the wounded on the truck is carried out. The results of mechanical performance experiment, reliability experiment, road adaptability test, road comfort test, application experiment by troops indicate that the added equipment is safe, reliable, convenient for use and fairly comfortable to persons lying on it. Thus a new kind of equipment fit for the army to transport the wounded on the truck under the field condition is developed.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To observe the effects of TNF-α/nuclear factor-κB( NF-κB) /matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) pathway on the expression of MMP-2 in the mice with viral myocarditis.METHODS: Six-week-old inbred male mice were randomly assigned to control and myocarditis group.The mice in myocarditis group and control group were intra-peritoneally inoculated with 0.1 mL 10-5.69 TCID50 /mL coxsackievirus B3 and vehicle (PBS), respectively.Ten mice were sacrificed at the 4th and 10th days after injection.The blood and heart specimens were harvested.The serum content of TNF-αwas measured by ELISA.The myocardial levels of MMP-2, NF-κB p65 and IκBαwere determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the protein expression of MMP-2 and NF-κB p65 in the myocardium and the serum content of TNF-αwere significantly increased in myocarditis group (P <0.05).The protein expression of IκBαwas lower in myocarditis group than that in control group (P <0.05).CONCLUSION: TNF-α, NF-κB p65 and MMP-2 were higher in the mice with acute viral myocarditis.The increased expression of them might be involved in the pathogene-sis of viral myocarditis.

AIM: To investigate the effect of CP466722, an inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM), on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.METHODS: The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The cell growth inhibition was measured by colony formation assay.The effect of CP466722 on the cell cycle distribution of the HepG2 cells was examined by flow cytometry.The cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining.The protein expression was examined by Western blotting.RESULTS: CP466722 inhibited the cell viability and cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.In CP466722-treated HepG2 cells, the cell cycle was arrested in G2/M phase, and the protein levels of phosphorylated cell division cycle protein 2 (p-Cdc2), cell division cycle protein 25C (Cdc25C) and phosphorylated Cdc25C (p-Cdc25C) were inhibited, whereas the protein expression of p27 was up-regulated.CP466722 triggered the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through cleavages of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).In addition, CP466722 increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and suppressed the expression of β-catenin and survivin in the HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION: CP466722 inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of HepG2 cells, which may be related to activating p38 MAPK and inhibiting the expression of β-catenin and survivin.

Objective To explore the clinical methodology and effects of correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasaldeformity by anatomical restoration and cartilage of nasal septum.Methods With the Goodman's incision in the columella and nasal vestibule,we cut out the cartilage of nasal septum and built a new support structure of tip to reshape the nasal shape after the adequate anatomical restoration under the magnifier of 2.5 times.Results The operation corrected alanasi collapse skewed columella and nostrils symmetry,etc.21 cases were treated and followed up for a month and fifteen months,showing stablized effect with columella centerno alanasi collapse,symmetric nostril and no recurrence.Conclusions On the base of nasal anatomy,a good therapeutic effect has been archeived by the adequate anatomical restoration,cutting out the cartilage of nasal septum and builting a new support structure of tip to reshape the nasal shape.

Objectives To analyze the impact of glucose-insulin metabolism during pregnancy onβ-cell function in premature infant, and to explore biomarkers for monitoringβ-cell function in preterm infant. Methods Eighty-two premature infants admitted to NICU from March to December 2012 were divided into 2 groups, a group with abnormal maternal glucose metabolism during pregnancy (35 cases) and another group with normal maternal glucose metabolism during pregnancy group (47 cases). Fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin at 1 hour after birth and 7 days postpartum were measured respectively, and relevant indices ofβ-cell function were compared in premature infants. Results Maternal pre-pregnancy and prenatal body mass index, weight and head circumference of preterm infants at birth were signiifcantly different between two groups (P<0.05) except for maternal weight gain in pregnancy (P>0.05). The differences in levels of proinsulin at birth, C-peptide and proinsulin at postnatal day 7 were signiifcantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). There was no signiifcant diffe-rence in insulin resistance, fastingβcell function index and insulin sensitivity index between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Abnormal maternal glucose metabolism in pregnancy has no effect on early pancreatic islet function in premature infant, how-ever, proinsulin secretion has been affected.

Objective To evaluate the effects of fluid resuscitation and large-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on the Alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock. Method A total of 89 intensive care patients with refractory septic shock treated with fluid resuscitation and/or HVHF were enrolled between August 2006 and December 2009. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, patients were treated with fluid resuscitation, n = 41 cases) and in group B, patients were treated with large-volume hemofiltration and fluid resuscitation, n =48). The O2 content of central venous blood(CcvO2), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), Alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (P(A-a)DO2), the ratio of arterial oxygen pressure/alveolar oxygen pressure (PaO2/PAO2), respiratory index (RI) and oxygenation index (OI) were checked. The levels of oxygen exchange in two groups were detected by arterial blood gas analysis before treatnent, 24 hour, 72 hour and 7 days after treatment. The APACHE Ⅱ scores in patients with refractory septic shock were measured before and the 7th day after treatment with HVHF and/or fluid resuscitation respectively. Data were analyzed by using t -test and chi-square test to compare the differences and ratio between two groups and were expressed in mean ± standard deviation, and the analysis of variance was done with SPSS version 12.0 software. Results ① The differences in CcvO2 and CaO2 between two groups were[(0.60±0.24) vs. (0.72±-0.28), P ＜0.05 and (0.84±0.43) vs. (0.94±0.46), P ＜0.05]; and the oxygen extraction rates (O2ER) were significantly different between two groups [(28.7±2.4) vs. (21.7±3.4), P<0.01];② The levels of P(A-a)DO2、ratio of PaO2/PAO2、RI and OI in group B were reduced more significantly than in group A (P<0.05 or P<0.01);③The APACHE Ⅱ scores in both groups were gradually reduced after treatment for 7 days, and the APACHE Ⅱscore in group B on the 7th day of treatment were lower than that in group A[(17.2 ± 6.8) vs. (8.2 ± 3.8), P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions Fluid resuscitation and HVHF could improve alveolar-arterial-oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock, and at the same time decreased the APACHE Ⅱ scores, improving the survival rate of patients.

In recent years, the incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) keeps increasing, and the age of onset tends to become younger. NAFLD has become one of the major public health problems in the 21st century. This article reviews the research advances in the association between some chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10) and NAFLD in recent years, in order to provide directions for the research on the pathogenesis and prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of 99Tcm-sestamibi(99Tcm-MIBI) myocardial perfusion imaging on detecting myocardial ischemia in children with Kawasaki disease(KD) at convalescence period.Methods Twenty-one children wih KD at convalescence period were divided into 2 groups according to results of echocardiography.Four cases with coronary artery dilation,17 cases without coronary artery dilation.All cases accepted dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion imaging.These patients who had positive results were given rest myocardial perfusion imaging again next day.Results Among 21 cases,9 cases(42.8%) were positive in perfusion imaging.Four cases with coronary artery dilation showed myocardial ischemia in different degree detected by myocardial perfusion imaging.Among 17 cases without coronary artery dilation,5 cases(29.4%) were positive.Conclusions Compared to echocardiography,99Tcm-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging can objectively evaluate the location,extent and degree of myocardial ischemia of children with KD.It will be a routine test in observing its phase development.