Objective To study the radioprotective effect of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) acid condensation products.Methods Cell colony formation assay was used to determine cell survival rate,and Western Blot assay was employed to measure protein expression.Results Seven kinds of the I3C acid condensation products showed different radioprotective effect on normal fibrous epithelial cells 184A1,among which 24 h pre-treatment of CTET (1 μmol/L),LTET (1 μmol/L),HI-IM (1 μmol/L) and 3,3'-diindoly methane (DIM) (0.3 μmol/L) showed significant increase of cell survival rate following irradiation with γ-ray,and the difficence was statistically significant (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).However,CT (1 μmol/L),LTr-1 (1 μmol/L) and ICZ (1 μmol/L) showed no effect on cell survival rate caused by radiation (P＞0.05).Furthermore,CTET,LTET,HI-IM and DIM activated the phosphorylation of ATM,BRCA1 and NBS1 proteins.HI-IM significantly decreased radiation-caused cell death and apoptosis.Conclusions CTET,LTET,HI-IM,and DIM can significantly reduce the radiosensitivity in 184A1 cells,and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of DNA damage and the repair of protein phosphorylation.

Objective To study the correlation of cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1 like(CLPTM1L)expression and radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.Methods Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT) and cell colony formation assays were used to determine cell growth and survival.Western Blot assay was employed to measure protein expression.Results The results demonstrated a negative correlation between the CLPTM1L expression level and radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.A lower radiosensitivity in lung cancer cells containing high level of CLPTM1L expression,and vice versa.Enforced expression of CLPTM1L resulted in a significant reduction of radiosensitivity in lung cancer cells irradiated with γ-rays.On the contrary,a marked elevation of radiosensitivity was observed in lung cancer cells transfected with CLPTM1L siRNA.Conclusions CLPTM1L may be a novel target gene in mediating radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.

In order to explore the differences of chemical constituents of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra, a qualitative analytical method of liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was developed for identification of multi-constituents and an HPLC-DAD analytical method was developed for simultaneously determining 14 major compounds (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, paeoniflorin sulfonate, protocatechuic aldehyde, methyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, and paeoniflorin, ethyl gallate, benzoic acid, pentagaloylglucose, benzoyl-paeoniflorin, and paeonol) in Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra. Q-TOF/MS qualitative analysis was performed under negative ion mode and inferred 38 components of Paeoniae Radix Alba and 30 components of Paeoniae Radix Rubra. HPLC-DAD quantitative method result showed the contents of 8 ingredients were different between Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra. The results indicated that the new approach was applicable in qualitative and quantitative quality control of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra.
Bridged-Ring Compounds ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; classification ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

[Objective]To study the clinical efficacy of embolization in treating cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) using a new liquid embolic agent,FuAiLe medical adhesive (FAL,main ingredients:α-octyl cyanoacrylate and α-butyl cyanoacrylate).[Methods]Femoral artery was catheterized under local anesthesia,and then superselective catheterization to intracranial lesions were obtained using marathon 1.3F microcatheter.Fifteen cerebral AVMs were embolized by FAL.The diameter of AVMs was larger than 6 cm in 4 cases,3-6 cm in 7 cases and smaller than 3 cm in 4 cases.Single blood supply was observed in 3 cases,2 blood supplies in 5 cases and 3 blood supplies in 7 cases.Surgical ablation was applied after embolization in 3 cases,and gamma knife treatment was applied after embolization in 2 cases,[Results] A total of 26-time embolization was obtained in 15 patients;more than 80％ embolization was achieved in 8 cases,including 5 with complete embolization;and 50％-80％ embolization was achieved in 5 cases;less than 50％ embolization was achieved in only 2 cases.No serious complication associated with embolization was noted in all patients.[Conclusion] It is safe and effective for FAL to treat cerebral AVMs and FAL may be an ideal embolic agent.

Objectives To explore the inhibition function of azithromycin on inflammation function in HaCaT keratinocyte cell induced by interleukin-22 (IL-22).Methods The cases were randomly divided into normal group, model group (100 μg? mL-1 IL-22) , azithromycin low, medi-um and high dose groups (100, 300, 1000 μg? mL-1 ).The content of nitric oxide ( NO) in medium was determined by Gries method.The con-tent of tumor nuclear factor ( TNF-α) , IL-6, IL-6 was examed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) .The phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB) p65 and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ) was assayed by Western blot.The expre-ssion of NF-κB p65,iNOS,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 mRNA was assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT -PCR ) . Results Compared with model group, the concentration of NO, the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 , IL-8 protein and mRNA was lower than in three dose azithromycin groups ( P <0.05 ) . The expression of TNF-α, IL-6 protein in model group and azithromycin medium group were [(39.12 ±3.45) vs (16.37 ±1.28)], [( 30.42 ±2.97) vs (13.29 ±1.52)].The expression of TNF-α, IL-6 mRNA in model group and azithromycin medium group was [(1.28 ±0.11) vs (0.72 ±0.07)],[( 0.89 ±0.08) vs (0.53 ±0.04)].The expression of iNOS protein and mRNA, the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA was lower than in azithromycin medium and high dose groups ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion The azithromycin could inhibit inflammation in HaCaT keratinocyte cell induced by IL -22, may be correlated with via blocking NF -κB signal pathway and down-regulation expression of iNOS.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetics parameters of cefazolin sodium pentahydrate and cefazolin sodium in beagle dogs after intravenous injection.Methods Six healthy beagle dogs were involved in the single -dose, double -cycle, randomized, and cross -over study.Six dogs were randomly divided into two groups , and each was given a single dose of 55 mg · kg -1 cefazolin sodium pentahydrate or ce-fazolin sodium in order to study pharmacokinetics of cefazolin sodium in plasma.The washout period lasted for 7 days.Concentrations were deter-mined by HPLC method.The pharmacokinetics parameters were evalua-ted by DAS 2.0 software.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin sodium test and reference preparations were as follows:t1/2 were (1.34 ±0.15), (1.31 ±0.17 ) h; Cmax were(181.14 ±28.13 ), ( 171.18 ± 24.70 ) μg · mL-1; tmax were ( 0.75 ± 0.10 ) , (0.71 ±0.10) h;AUC0-t were(342.57 ±76.02), (323.33 ±40.59)μg · h · mL-1.Conclusion After single intravenous administration , there are differences between pharmacokinetic parameters of the test and the reference drugs in beagle dogs , such as AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Cmax.

Objective To investigate the difference of stability be-tween cefazolin sodium pentahydrate and amorphous cefazolin sodium. Methods Cefazolin sodium pentahydrate and amorphous cefazolin sodium from two manufacturers were processed rubber plug inverted test and vibration test, and then dissolved in the sterile water for injec-tion and 0.9% sodium chloride injection.The dissolving process was observed by an optical microscopy.Results In rubber plug inverted test and vibration test, cefazolin sodium pentahydrate almost was dis-solved while amorphous cefazolin sodium had different degrees of un-dissolved drugs by microscope observation.Conclusion The stability of cefazolin sodium pentahydrate is superior to that of amorphous ce-fazolin sodium.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of psychosocial services provided by social workers in reducing dropout rate and increasing treatment dosage in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) users.

METHODSFrom May in 2009 to April in 2010, 300 MMT users were recruited from three MMT clinics in Guangzhou, and were randomly allocated into the intervention group and the control groups. The control group (152 cases) received standard MMT services while the intervention group (148 cases) received additional services provided by social workers. Methadone dosage, dropout rate, perceptions toward MMT etc. were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe 1-month dropout rate of the control and intervention groups were 19.7% (30/152) and 6.8% (10/148) (P < 0.05) respectively; the 6-month dropout rate of the control and intervention groups were 75.5% (115/152) and 50.7% (75/148) (P < 0.05) respectively. The intervention group had higher average treatment dosage than the control group ((56.0 ± 21.2) vs (64.4 ± 23.1) ml/d, (58.0 ± 24.0) vs (66.1 ± 26.6) ml/d, P < 0.05). At 1-month and 6-month, the intervention group had higher scores of MMT-related perception ((1.26 ± 0.68) vs (1.84 ± 0.95), (1.55 ± 0.83) vs (2.44 ± 1.23), P < 0.05), self-efficacy of maintenance ((3.68 ± 1.33) vs (4.20 ± 1.05), (3.80 ± 1.38) vs (4.43 ± 0.79), P < 0.05) and satisfaction toward MMT((4.08 ± 0.54) vs (4.15 ± 0.60), (4.01 ± 0.67) vs (4.31 ± 0.64), P < 0.05) as compared to the control group. The reverse was true for the score of negative experiences ((1.05 ± 0.86) vs (0.96 ± 0.92), (1.46 ± 0.87) vs (1.11 ± 1.07), P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe psychosocial interventions provided by social workers were effective in reducing dropout rate, increasing treatment dosage and improving cognitions of MMT users.

Adult ; Female ; Heroin Dependence ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Methadone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Patient Compliance ; Social Work ; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ; Treatment Outcome

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that stimulates production of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which are important for innate immunity. NLRs, i.e., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, play a crucial role as innate immune sensors and form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, which mediate caspase-1-dependent processing of pro-IL-1β. To elucidate the role of inflammasome components in T. gondii-infected THP-1 macrophages, we examined inflammasome-related gene expression and mechanisms of inflammasome-regulated cytokine IL-1β secretion. The results revealed a significant upregulation of IL-1β after T. gondii infection. T. gondii infection also upregulated the expression of inflammasome sensors, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and NAIP, in a time-dependent manner. The infection also upregulated inflammasome adaptor protein ASC and caspase-1 mRNA levels. From this study, we newly found that T. gondii infection regulates NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP) gene expressions in THP-1 macrophages and that the role of the inflammasome-related genes may be critical for mediating the innate immune responses to T. gondii infection.
Apoptosis ; Cytokines ; Gene Expression ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammasomes* ; Macrophages* ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Negotiating ; Neurons ; Parasites ; RNA, Messenger ; Toxoplasma* ; Up-Regulation