ObjectiveTo observe the effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-β-D-glycoside(TSG) on learning and memory ability and free radicals metabolism in dementia model mice induced by β-amyloid (Aβ).MethodsAβ1-40 was given to the right lateral ventricle in the model group, and the TSG had been administered to the therapy group for 8 weeks by gastrogavage.All the mice of different groups were tested with Morris water maze and step-through test. Then the mice were killed and biochemical assays of neurol MDA,MAO-B,T-AOC were performed.ResultsThe model mice showed worse ability in learning and memory compared with control mice. The MDA cotent, MAO-B activity in the cortical increased in model mice compared with normal control; TSG reduced the MDA content, MAO-B activity,and increased T-AOC activity.ConclusionTSG can improve the learning and memory ability of model mice, decrease peroxidation level of brain, and increase antioxidation ability of brain, which suggest that TSG may have a promising application in treatment of dementia disease such as AD.

Objective To observe the effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-?-D-glycoside (TSG)on learning and memory and free radicals metabolism in mice with dementia induced by ?-amyloid(A?).Methods The mice models were established by injection of A?1-40 into the right lateral ventricle,and the treatment group was administered with TSG for 8 weeks by gastrogavage.Morris water maze and step-through test were performed in all the mice and then the mice were killed and radioimmunoassay was used to detect the content of interleukin-6(IL-6).Results The learning and memory in model mice were worse and the cortical IL-6 content increased compared to the normal control mice.TSG improved the learning and memory of A?-induced model mice and reduced cortical IL-6 content.Conclusion TSG could improve the learning and memory of dementia mice and decrease cortical IL-6 content,indicating a promising prospect in the treatment of dementia disease such as Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy stilbene—2—?—D—glycoside(TSG)on learning and memory ability and neurotrophic factors of dementle model mice induced by D-galactose.METHODS:The mice were randomly divided into normal control,D-galatose model,VitE positive control,TSG low dose(0.033g/kg),TSG medium dose(0.1g/kg),TSG high dose(0.3g/kg)groups.The mice of various therapy groups excluding the normal Control group were in?jected with D-galactose(D-gal)solution s.c.(50mg/kg/day)over a60-day period,while normal control was injected with saline.At the same time,therapy groups were given TSG and positive control VitE(0.08g/kg)a day,and all therapy groups were administered by intragastrically for60days.Then all mice of different groups were tested with Morris water maze test,and five mice of each group were killed and the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)and neurotrophin-3(NT-3)was determined with immunohistochemistry method.RESULTS:Injection of D-galactose for2months induced the learning and memory dysfunction of mice,and abated NGF and NT-3expression in hippocampal neurons.TSG improved the learning and memory ability of D-gal model mice,promoted NGF and NT-3expression in hippocampal neurons.CONCLUSION:SG can improve memory ability obviously and may prevent and cure dementia disease such as AD.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of CO₂ pneumoperitoneum in operating rooms on the health of medical staffs. Methods: In June 2016, the thirty-three medical staffs in operating rooms were chosen as the object of the research.Seventeen people who took part in the pneumoperitoneum operation were selected as a exposure group and sixteen people who took part in the laparotomy operation were selected as a control group.Vital signs and arterial blood gases of medical staffs in the two groups were both measured in pre-operation and post-operation. Occupational Health Questionnaires were conducted to collect information on age, weight and postoperative symptoms. The level of CO₂ in operating room was determined by a portable infrared CO₂ analyzer. Results: Compared with the control group, the concentration of CO₂ in the exposed group was higherat T₁, T₂ and T₃ (t=22.227, 13.583, 17.408, P<0.05) . Heart rates and PaCO₂ in the exposure group raised greatly (t=2.132, 2.129, P<0.05) , while pH decreased (t=-3.015, P<0.05) . The differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion The increase of mild acidosis and thesense of job burnout in medical staffs could be caused by CO₂ pollution in the operating rooms.

Objective To analyze the results of application on China Infectious Diseases Automated-alert and Response System(CIDARS)and for further improving the system. Methods Amount of signal, proportion of signal responded, time to signal response, manner of signal verification and the outcome of each signal in CIDARS were descriptively analyzed from July 1,2008to June 30, 2010. Results A total of 533 829 signals were generated nationwide on 28 kinds of infectious diseases in the system. 97.13% of the signals had been responded and the median time to response was 1.1 hours. Among them, 2472 signals were generated by the fixed-value detection method which involved 9 kinds of diseases after the preliminary verification, field investigation and laboratory tests. 2202 signals were excluded, and finally 246 cholera cases, 15 plague cases and 9H5N1 cases as well as 39 outbreaks of cholera were confirmed. 531 357 signals were generated by the other method - the 'moving percentile method' which involved 19 kinds of diseases. The average amount of signal per county per week was 1.65, with 6603 signals(1.24%)preliminarily verified as suspected outbreaks and 1594 outbreaks were finally confirmed by further field investigation. For diseases in CIDARS, the proportion of signals related to suspected outbreaks to all triggered signals showed a positive correlation with the proportion of cases related to outbreaks of all the reported cases (r=0.963, P＜0.01). Conclusion The signals of CIDARS were responded timely, and the signal could act as a clue for potential outbreaks, which helped enhancing the ability on outbreaks detection for local public health departments.

Objective To analyze the pilot results of both temporal and temporal-spatial models in outbreaks detection in China Infectious Diseases Automated-alert and Response System (CIDARS)to further improve the system. Methods The amount of signal, sensitivity, false alarm rate and time to detection regarding these two models of CIDARS, were analyzed from December 6,2009 to December 5,2010 in 221 pilot counties of 20 provinces. Results The sensitivity of these two models was equal(both 98.15%). However, when comparing to the temporal model, the temporal-spatial model had a 59.86% reduction on the signals(15 702)while the false alarm rate of the temporal-spatial model(0.73%)was lower than the temporal model(1.79%), and the time to detection of the temporal-spatial model(0 day)was also 1 day shorter than the temporal model.Conclusion Comparing to the temporal model, the temporal-spatial model of CIDARS seemed to be better performed on outbreak detection.

The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)gamma agonist is used as antidiabetic agent with antihyperglycemic and antihyperinsulinemic actions. Beyond these actions, antifibrotic effects have been reported. We examined antifibrotic effects of PPARgamma agonist and interaction with angiotensin receptor antagonist in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. After UUO, mice were divided to four groups: no treatment (CONT), pioglitazone treatment, L158809 treatment, and L158809+ pioglitazone treatment. On day 14, CONT mice showed severe fibrosis and all treated mice showed decreased fibrosis. The immunohistochmistry of PAI-1, F4/80 and p-Smad2 demonstrated that their expressions were increased in CONT group and decreased in the all treated groups compared to CONT. PAI-1 and p-Smad2 determined from Western blotting, among treated groups, was decreased compared to CONT group. The expression of TGF-beta1 from real time RT PCR showed markedly increased in the CONT group and decreased in all treated groups compared to CONT. These data suggest the pioglitazone inhibited tubulointerstitial fibrosis, however, the synergism between pioglitazone and L158809 is not clear. Considering decreased expression of PAI-1 and TGF-beta/Smad2 in the treated groups, PAI-1 and TGF-beta are likely linked to the decreased renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. According to these results, the PPARgamma agonist might be used in the treatment of renal fibrotic disease.
*Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fibrosis ; Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology ; Kidney/metabolism/*pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; PPAR gamma/*agonists ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/metabolism ; Smad2 Protein/metabolism ; Thiazolidinediones/pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics/metabolism ; Ureteral Obstruction/metabolism/pathology

Background : Thymosin- 4 is an actin-sequestering protein that regulates actin polymerization. It is known to be associated with cell migration, angiogenesis and wound healing, as well as with tumor metastasis. Methods : We immunohistochemically evaluated the thymosin- 4 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma specimens, the relationship between this protein and the pathologic features and other tumor-related proteins, and its influence on the patient outcome. Results : We demonstrated that 40 specimens (26.3%) of 152 gastric adenocarcinomas showed positivity for thymosin- 4. The thymosin- 4 expression was statistically associated with advanced tumor stage (p=0.010), the nodal stage (p=0.029), the TNM stage (p=0.008), and the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p=0.009). The thymosin- 4 protein expression was closely related to the positivity for VEGF (p=0.000), c-Myc (p=0.007), and cyclin D1 (p=0.005), but it was not associated with the E-cadherin (p=0.861) or -catenin (p=0.640) expressions. The median survival and disease relapse time of patients showing thymosin-4 immunoreactivity were statistically shorter than those of patients without expression. Multivariate analysis showed that the tumor stage (p=0.003), nodal stage (p=0.005), thymosin- 4 expression (p=0.019) and Lauren's classification (p=0.037) were statistically important prognostic factors for gastric adenocarcinomas. Conclusions : The thymosin- 4 expression might be associated with disease progression of gastric adenocarcinomas and it should be regarded as an important prognostic factor for estimating patient survival.
Actins ; Adenocarcinoma* ; Cadherins ; Cell Movement ; Classification ; Cyclin D1 ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impacts of three different surgical approaches to urethral stricture on the erectile function of the patients.

METHODSThis study included 126 male patients with urethral stricture, 35 treated by substitution urethroplasty (group A), 52 by anastomotic urethroplasty (group B), and 39 by internal urethroplasty (group C). We evaluated the pre- and postoperative erectile function of the patients using IIEF-5 scores by telephone calls and interviews. We also monitored their nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT).

RESULTSThe IIEF-5 scores in groups A, B and C were 13.5 +/- 4.5, 11.1 +/- 4.8 and 14.5 +/- 4.41 respectively after surgery, all significantly decreased as compared with 17.1 +/- 2.6, 17.1 +/- 3.0 and 17.6 +/- 2.2 preoperatively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAll the three surgical approaches can reduce IIEF-5 scores in patients with urethral stricture, but anastomotic urethroplasty may induce a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction than the other two approaches.

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Erection ; physiology ; Urethral Stricture ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:Stem cell transplantation has been used in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.However,the efficacy and safety are still controversial.Although there are many approaches for stem cell transplantation,which one is better is unclear as yet.OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell transplantation for spinal cord injury,and to compare the therapeutic difference in stem cell transplantation via different approaches.METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed,The Cochrane Library (Issue 4,2016),Embase,CNKI,VIP,CBM,and Wan-Fang databases up to May 13,2016 to screen the relevant randomized clinical controlled trials of stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury.Two reviewers independently selected the studies,extracted information,and assessed the quality of included trials.Data extracted from eligible studies was pooled and meta-analyzed using Stata13.1 and Gemtc0.14.3 software.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 10 randomized controlled trials involving 546 patients (294 in stem cells group and 252 in rehabilitation treatment group) were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that stem cell transplantation had an advantage over rehabilitation treatment in increasing American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) motor score,ASIA sensory score,Barthel Index,and decreasing the bladder residual urine volume.The incidence of low fever,abdominal distension,headache,lower limb numbness,and meningeal irritation was 14％,7％,7％,8％,and 7％,respectively.Taking the rehabilitation treatment as a common reference,the results of the network meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in ASIA motor score,ASIA sensory score,Barthel Index,and incidence of complications among subarachnoid injection,intravenous injection,and intralesional injection.Compared with the rehabilitation treatment,only stem cell transplantation via subarachnoid injection had significant differences in ASIA motor score [MD=9.77,95％CI (0.26,21.46)],and ASIA sensory score [MD=25.79,95％CI (10.07,45.27)].To conclude,the stem cells transplantation via subarachnoid injection is considered the most effective transplantation method.Due to the limitations of the included studies,more high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to verify the above conclusion.In addition,future studies should focus on the long-term efficacy and safety of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of spinal cord injury,and should investigate the clinical effects on spinal cord injury with different ASIA grades,types of stem cells,and transplantation time.