Investigation of the equipment, the human resource at 60 Imaging departments; and professional skills of 216 imaging technicians in the 28 Northern provinces. Results: the equipment of Imaging departments is modern and relatively sufficient. Amount of technicians are not enough (71% of departments of 3rd class hospitals have only one technician). Professional levels of the technicians are limited. The rates of technicians who don’t work at educated specialty are still high (56% in 3rd class hospitals and 27% in 2nd class hospitals). The rates of technicians who have needs to regularly study are high: 71% of technicians working at educated specialty. Base on these results, the researchers predicted an education scale annually for Imaging technicians in the period of 2005 to 2010: 117 regular students, 60 junior college students and 40 short term supplemental students from 2008
Education ; Diagnosis

Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Blotting, Western ; Classical swine fever virus ; Classical Swine Fever ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genotype ; Mortality ; Spleen ; Swine ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, Subunit ; Vietnam ; Virulence

Objective: Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer due to their high number of sexual partners. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of HPV and identify risk factors for high-risk HPV infection among FSWs in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hanoi and HCMC between December 2017 and May 2018. We surveyed and screened 699 FSWs aged ≥18 years for HPV infection and abnormal cytology. A multivariable modified Cox regression model was used to determine risk factors for high-risk HPV infection. Results The overall prevalence of any HPV, high-risk HPV and HPV-16/18 infection in the 699 FSWs was 26.3%, 17.6% and 4.0%, respectively, and were similar in both cities. Multiple infections were identified in 127 participants (69.0%).HPV-52 was the most prevalent (7%), followed by HPV-58 (6%). Abnormal cytology was detected in 91 participants (13.0%). FSWs who are divorced (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–3.81), widowed (aPR: 3.26, 95% CI: 1.49–7.12) or living alone (aPR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.01–3.39) were associated with a higher prevalence of high-risk HPV infection.