Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Triazoles ; blood

Metabonomics involves the unbiased quantitative and qualitative analysis of the complete set of metabolites present in cells, body fluids and tissues (the metabolome) based on modern analytic technique with high throughput, high sensitivity, and high resolution. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is used to gain qualitative results of detected metabolites for biological samples as it provides superior distinguishability, detection sensitivity and integrated standard mass spectrometry library. In this article, the historic developments of GC-MS and its application in metabonomics in the past several years were reviewed. Firstly, the classification and the derivative methods of GC-MS were introduced. Subsequently, sample pretreatment process, qualitative and quantitative analysis and data analysis during detecting metabolites by GC-MS were introduced, then its application in microorganism, plant and disease diagnosis was systematically summarized. Finally, the problems in metabonomics study based on GC-MS and the research prospect in the future were discussed.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Metabolomics ; methods

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for determining the concentration of dichlorvos in serum by gas chromatography and to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and monitoring of dichlorvos poisoning.

METHODSThe serum (0.5 ml)collected from patients with dichlorvos poisoning was mixed with ethyl acetate (2.0 ml) and underwent shaking/extraction; the obtained liquid was subjected to standing (5 min) and centrifuging (4000 rpm); the obtained supernatant was collected and blow-dried with nitrogen and was then dissolved in ethanol (50 µl); 1.0 µl of the obtained liquid was collected and loaded into a glass-packed column; gas chromatography was performed using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.

RESULTSA linear relationship was found when the concentration of dichlorvos in serum was 5.0 ∼ 50.0 µg/ml, with a regression equation of y = 804.13x-691.8 (r = 0.9992). The minimum detectable concentration was 2.0 µg/ml, the recovery rate was 86.8% ∼ 94.5%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 4.6% ∼ 5.5%, with an intra-day RSD of 4.52% ∼ 5.21% and an inter-day RSD of 3.56% ∼ 5.52%.

CONCLUSIONThis determination method is easy to operate, efficient, and accurate, and can be used for quickly diagnosing dichlorvos poisoning and quantitatively evaluating treatment outcome.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Humans ; Tetrachloroethylene ; blood

Animals ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Hexanones ; blood ; Mice

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Humans ; Trifluralin ; blood

A simple, fast GC method based on headspace single drop microextraction (HS-SDME) was used for the determination of menthol and methyl salicylate in Baicao oils. A special sample pretreatment method was performed by adding 10 microL the oil its methanol solution into 5 mL water in a caped 10 mL sample vial, a 1.5 microL microdrop of N,N-dimethylformamide with benzyl alcohol as internal standard was formed on the pinpoint of microsyringe needle, exposing 5 min at extraction temperature of 40 degrees C. After extraction, 0.5 microL of extract was directely injected into GC for analysis. The determination was carried out on a capillary column (0.53 mm x 30 m) with PEG as the stationary phase with FID as the detector. A temperature programm was employed. The excellent separation and detection of the target components was accomplished. The average recoveries varied between 95.4% and 99.2%, and relative standard deviations were less than 1.9%. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 1.26-80.5 mg x L(-1) for menthol (r = 0.999 0) and 2.49-1.59 x 10(2) mg x L(-1) for methyl salicylate (r = 0.999 1), respectively. The proposed method is proved to be simple, fast, accurate and low cost without complicated sample pretreatment HS-SDME is expected to be widely applied for the analysis of volatile components in traditional Chinese medicines.
Calibration ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; blood

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Humans ; Toluidines ; blood

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ethylene Glycol ; blood ; Humans