One to three percent of childhood brain tumors are choroid plexus tumors. Of these, 30-40% are considered to be choroid plexus carcinoma. We report one case of choroid plexus carcinoma without parenchymal invasion, which showed rapid dissemination along whole CSF pathway and developed postoperative hydrocephalus in spite of gross total resection.
Brain Neoplasms ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Hydrocephalus

BACKGROUND: The pigmented or melanotic variant of choroid plexus carcinoma is very rarely encountered. CASE REPORT: We report herein a case of melanotic or pigmented choroid plexus carcinoma in the posterior fossa of an 11-year-old female. CONCLUSIONS: A histopathological study supported by immunohistochemistry helped the authors to diagnose this rare entity. How to differentiate this tumor from pigmented papillary medulloblastoma, cerebellar papillary ependymoma, and metastatic malignant melanoma is discussed.
Carcinoma ; Child ; Choroid ; Choroid Plexus ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms ; Ependymoma ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Medulloblastoma ; Melanins ; Melanoma

Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare intracranial neoplasm, affecting mainly very young children. The commonest site is within the lateral ventricles and the prognosis is very poor. We report a seven month old baby boy who presented with raised intracranial pressure and seizures. Brain CT scan showed large intraventricular mass with calcification and hydrocephalus. Total macroscopic resection of the tumour was performed and diagnosis of choroid plexus carcinoma was made. However, the patient died 11 days after the tumour excision. The histopathology of this rare childhood neoplasm is discussed.
Carcinoma/*surgery ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/*surgery

A retrospective analysis of five adult patients with choroid plexus tumor(four choroids plexus papillomas, one choroids plexus carcinoma who underwent surgical resection at our institute between February 1991 and October 1995 was performed. The study group included two males and three females with a mean age of 34.0 years(range 21 to 24 years). Two of four choroids plexus papillomas were removed gross totally and one of these was irradiated postoperatively. The remaining two patients with choroids plexus papilloma underwent a subtotal surgical resection and one of them received radiation therapy. During follow-up, the authors could not find any difference in the size of the residual tumor or in the patient's KPS between the irradiated groups. There was also no response to postoperative radiation therapy in a patient with choroids plexus carcinoma who underwent a subtotal resection. The author's clinical experiences suggest that the use of radiation therapy in adult patients with choroids plexus tumor is not effective, and thus gross total resection should be attempted during the primary operation of such tumors.
Adult* ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms* ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Papilloma ; Papilloma, Choroid Plexus ; Retrospective Studies

A Case of pigmented choroid plexus carcinoma is reported. The patient was a 35-year-old woman who had headache of 3-month duration, followed by ataxia for 1month before admission. Brain CT revealed a well enhanced mass at the left cerebello-pontine angle area as well as hydrocephalus. Subtotal removal of the tumor was performed via suboccipital craniectomy under the impression of meningioma because there was a mass only in the extraventricular area. The tumor was diagnosed by light microscopic examination. Pigmented choroid plexus carcinoma, which has been reported as low grade malignancy, is very rare and located always in the ventricles. In the case the tumor was subtotally removed and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery and radiation therapy underwent later. The patient has been followed-up without recurrence for 1 year postoperatively.
Adult ; Ataxia ; Brain ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms* ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Meningioma ; Recurrence ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

Choroid Plexus Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lateral Ventricles ; pathology

Transient mutism has ben known as a rare complication following a posterior fossa approach to cerebellar tumors, although its pathophysiology remains unclear. Cerebellar mutism may be defined as a transient mutism occurring after a posterior fossa tumor approach in children with unimpaired consciousness, unimpaired symbolic functions, no detectable deficit of cranial nerves or peripheral organs of speech, and no lesions of long pathways in the course of the cranial nerves at the level of the brain stem. Forty two cases in children, and only two cases in adults have been found in the literature. We report a case of transient mutism with oropharyngeal apraxia after total excision of 4th ventricle choroids plexus papilloma in a 6-year-old girl. Postoperatively, the patient became mute and refused food intake without disturbance of consciousness, or lower cranial nerve function. Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance image(MRI) demonstrated no abnormal findings except the surgical lesion in the posterior fossa. The mutism lasted for 3 weeks, but she gradually became fluent. The mechanism of "cerebellar mutism" is briefly discussed with literature review.
Adult ; Apraxias ; Brain Stem ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; Child* ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Consciousness ; Cranial Nerves ; Eating ; Female* ; Humans ; Infratentorial Neoplasms ; Mutism* ; Papilloma ; Papilloma, Choroid Plexus*

Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), a frankly malignant epithelial neoplasm derived from choroid plexus epithelium, is a rare tumor with a predilection for infants and children. It may be difficult to histologically differentiate it from choroid plexus papilloma, anaplastic ependymoma, medulloblastoma, germ cell tumors, and metastatic carcinoma. We examined two cases of CPC. One is a 12-month-old boy, and the other is a 13-month-old boy. Both patients present lateral ventricular masses with extensive hydrocephalus. Histologically, both tumors show papillary growth in most area, and focal solid growth. The tumor cells show marked nuclear pleomorphism and frequent mitoses on squash and hematoxylin-eosin slides. Immunohistochemically, both tumors are positive for cytokeratin, vimentin, and S-100 protein; but they are negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein, -fetoprotein, and placental alkaline phosphatase. Both tumors show diffuse and strong positivity for p53. The MIB-1 labelling index is 23.6% and 15.82%, respectively. We report two cases of typical CPC, and we briefly discuss differential diagnosis with review of literatures.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Brain ; Carcinoma ; Child ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; Epithelium ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Keratins ; Male ; Medulloblastoma ; Mitosis ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Papilloma, Choroid Plexus ; S100 Proteins ; Vimentin

Choroid plexus papilloma(CPP) is a rare intraventricular neoplasm occurring primarily in the lateral ventricle of children and the 4th ventricle of adults. The 3rd ventricle is an extremely rare site for CPP to occur. The authors report two cases of CPP of the 3rd ventricle in a 2-month-old girl and a 4-month-old boy, and one case of CPP of the 4th ventricle in a 17-year-old male. Two CPP of third ventricle were totally removed by transcortical-transventricular approach and transcallosal subchoroidal approach, respectively. The CPP in the fourth ventricle was totally removed by suboccipital approach. The subdural hygroma and hydrocephalus due to CSF overproduction was managed with subduroperitoneal shunt and ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms ; Child ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Female ; Fourth Ventricle* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Papilloma, Choroid Plexus* ; Subdural Effusion ; Third Ventricle ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

PURPOSE: Choroid Plexus papilloma is a rare intracranial neoplasm that is most commonly found in the trigone of the lateral ventricle in children or in the fourth ventricle in adult. Extraventricular extension of choroid plexus papilloma has been rarely reported within the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern. Authors report two cases of choroid plexus papilloma in the posterior fossa seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI findings of two cases of choroid plexus papilloma in posterior fossa were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In the first case, the tumor was in the fourth ventricle and extended to the left CPA cistern via the foramen of Luschka. In the second case, the tumor presented as an expansile mass of the of fourth ventricle and right lateral recess. Multiple signal voids of low intensity due to prominent feeding vessels and calcifications within the tumors were noted. CONCLUSION: This report demonstrates MR findings of choroid plexus papilloma in the posterior fossa with the brief review of the literatures.
Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Child ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Papilloma, Choroid Plexus* ; Retrospective Studies