Zusammenfassung: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurcle die heutige Kenntnis uber Symptome und Diagnose der Cy clitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa aus dem Literaturuberblick und aufgrund von 2 eigenen FalIen kritisch zusammengefasst. Bestehen einer Aderhautbuckel in der Fudusperipherie, die gute Durchleuchtbarkeit der Votwolbung, ein positives Hagensches Zeichen und entzundliche Erscheinungen des Augapfels sprechen fur das Vorliegen einer Cyclitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa. In manchen Fallen kann die Diagnose erst durch eine Probepunktion oder eine probatorische The Die mit Corticosteroid innerlich ex juvantivus gesichert werden. Die Cyclitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa tritt oftim Kaufe einer rezidivierenden granulomatosen Entzundung des Bulbus auf. An sie schliessen sich haufig eine exudative Netzhautabhebung, eine Chorioretinitis, Netzhautblutungen, eine Sehnerventzundung, ein Maculaodem, eine Perivasculitis und Funktionsstorungen als deren Foige an. Viele Autoren fanden eine erniedrigte Tension bei bestehenden Aderhautabhebungen. Ais Folgeerscheinungen cler Cyclitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa wurden auch eine Abflachung der Vorderkammer, eine vorubergehende Augeninnendruckerhohung im Hohepunkt der Krenkheit beobachtet. Die Cyclitis anularis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa im Gefolge der akuten Hypotonie tritt mit einer Vertiefung der Vorderkammer und einer Hypotonie des Bulbus auf. Es handelt sich hierbei um inkonstante Begleitssymptome. Man beobachtet eine Normalizierung der Vorderkammertiefe und des Augeninnendrcks zusammen mit dem Abklingen der abgehobenen Aderhaut. Nach Abheilung der Krankheit treten oft oraparalleler igmentstreifen und Funktionssiorungen im Gefolge von einer Retiopathie und einer Opticusatrophie auf. Die von Garmiger et al prazisierte Cyclitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa durfte der von Rohrschneider angegebenen komplizierten spontanen serosen vorderen Aderhautabhebung gleich sein. Aus 2 eigenen Fallen und dem Literaturuberblick wird geschlossen, dass es sich bei der Cyclitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa nicht um eine Erkrankung eigner Art, sondern um eine Begleitssymptome lasst vermuten, dass etwas anders als Cyslitis anularis exsudativa pseudotumorosa vorliegt.
Chorioretinitis

PURPOSE: To report a young girl with spontaneous separation of an epiretinal membrane and notable visual recovery. METHOD: We experienced a 13-year-old girl with decreased visual acuity of left eye. We diagnosed secondary epiretinal membrane associated with chorioretinitis on macula. RESULT: She had spontaneous improvement in corrected visual acuity of left eye from 0.2 to 0.8 attributable to spontaneous separation of an epiretinal membrane more than 2 years after it was diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment can be considered in young patients with epiretinal membrane because spontaneous separation may occur and result in improvement of visual acuity.
Adolescent ; Chorioretinitis ; Epiretinal Membrane* ; Female ; Humans ; Visual Acuity

Heterotopia of the macula, sometimes referred to as ectopic macula, is a distinct clinical entity which is characterized by the appearance of a pseudostrabismus occurring as a result of an exaggerated disparity between the visual and optic axes. The macula does not occupy its customary position which is 1.5 mm temporal to the optic axis; hence the visual axis is along a significantly different line. The etiology of heterotopia of the macula includes trauma, chorioretinitis, developmental causes, and incomplete or abortive retrolental fibroplasia. The authors experienced a case of pseudo-exotropia caused by heterotopia of the macula associated with cleft lip and palate.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chorioretinitis ; Cleft Lip* ; Palate* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity

Heterotopia of the macula, sometimes referred to as ectopic macula, is a distinct clinical entity which is characterized by the appearance of a pseudostrabismus occurring as a result of an exaggerated disparity between the visual and optic axes. The macula does not occupy its customary position which is 1.5 mm temporal to the optic axis; hence the visual axis is along a significantly different line. The etiology of heterotopia of the macula includes trauma, chorioretinitis, developmental causes, and incomplete or abortive retrolental fibroplasia. The authors experienced a case of pseudo-exotropia caused by heterotopia of the macula associated with cleft lip and palate.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chorioretinitis ; Cleft Lip* ; Palate* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity

Localized subconjunctival abscess, episcleritis, recurrent lid abscess, and chorioretinitis are not uncommon diseases of the eye due to various causes such as infective emboli, buried cilia, trauma, autoimmune reactions, or specific infection. The cysticercus cellu]osae has been found in all parts of the eye and the lid, but there are less common presentation of the infection foci than of the cysticercus cellulosae alone. A subconjunctival abscess which is located in the upper fornix of the right eye near the caruncle, episcleritis which is localized in the upper half of the conjunctiva of the left eye, a recurrent abscess of the lid which is located in the right lower lid, a chorioretinitis which is not good visualization because of many cells and flares in the vitreous body, are reported due to a cysticercus larva. No systemic manifestation of cysticercus is found at all. The literature for ocular cysticercosis is referred.
Abscess ; Chorioretinitis ; Cilia ; Conjunctiva ; Cysticercosis ; Cysticercus* ; Inflammation* ; Larva* ; Scleritis ; Vitreous Body

This disease entity, first described under the desgnation of cyclitis by Ernst Fuchs, has received renewed attention in the recenet years, having been described as peripheral uveitis, pars planitis, and cyclitis with peripheral chorioretinitis. Apparently new ophthalmoscopic findings have caused some obserbers to believe they are dealing with a new entity, because indirect ophthalmoscopy with scleral depression shows exudation in the pars plana region in severe or advanced cases. In this entity, The following characteristic findings are noted, occurring bilaterally, inflammatory cells in anterior vitreous, slight flare and cells in the anterior chamber in come instances, dilated veins, and snowball deposition of inflammatory cells over the pare plana and ora serrata, seen with scleral depression and indirect ophthalmoscope extending over the lower 180 degrees. Cystoid macular degeneration are demonstrated with fluorescein angiography in over half the caces; papilledema may occur in late cases; and peripheral retinal perivascular sheathing is noted in long standing cases.
Anterior Chamber ; Chorioretinitis ; Depression ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Macular Degeneration ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Papilledema ; Pars Planitis* ; Retinaldehyde ; Uveitis ; Veins

Ectopic macula is a condition in which the macula is displaced markedly from its normal position. It can be unilateral or bilateral, and the macula can be displaced in any direction, though it is displaced temporally in more than 90% cases. The occurrence of small variation of the position of the macula in relation to the pupillary axis of the eye is evidenced by the variability of the angle K. The most common cause of ectopic macula is probably retinopathy of prematurity and other causes are trauma, chorioretinitis, and angioma. The authors experienced six patients who had ectopic macula. They presented apparent exptropia on Hirschberg test, but no fixation movement on cover test. Fundus examination showed temporal displacement of macula and traction vessel. Pseudoexotropia result from positive angle kappa. It is dangerous to measure the deviation amount by only Hirschberg test or Krimsky test for the uncooperated young patients who have history of prematurity especially. We must check the fundus photographs. With regards to cosmetic surery, each case must be handled individually. Evaluation should include age, visual acuity, the status of binocular vision, and the angle of squint.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chorioretinitis ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Strabismus ; Traction ; Vision, Binocular ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of cryptococcal chorioretinitis in the renal transplant patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 31-year old male patient was admitted with visual disturbance, high fever and general weakness. On initial evaluation, visual acuity was 0.9 in the right eye and 0.3 in the left. On fundus exam, right eye showed the lesions which were expanded into posterior pole and equator and left eye showed several yellow white lesions which were larger than optic disc, and some of them were near the fovea. RESULT: Cryptococcus grew in CSF. The ocular diagnosis was cryptococcal chorioretinitis and intra-venous amphotericin B and oral flucytosine were given. In spite of 2-month treatment, the visual acuity of left eye was 0.04 due to the expansion of the lesion toward fovea. The patient refused the treatment after 4 months of treament, and he expired 1 month later.
Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Chorioretinitis* ; Cryptococcus ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Flucytosine ; Humans ; Male ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of relapsing polychondritis complicated with chorioretinitis without scleritis. CASE SUMMARY: A 35-year-old man who has been previously managed for relapsing polychondritis visited our the clinic because of blurred vision in his both eyes which had developed one month earlier. Although the corrected visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes, Slit lamp examination of both eyes showed findings of anterior uveitis. Fundus examination showed a whitish-yellow lesion around the posterior pole in both eyes. He had bilateral auricular chondritis, saddle nose deformity, and respiratory difficult. The patient was treated with systemic steroid and prescribed topical 1% prednisolone acetate four times daily in both eyes. Four months later, fundus examination of both eyes showed improvement of chorioretinal lesion, but visual acuity had decreased constantly. Nine months later, chorioretinal lesion resolved and visual acuity improved in both eyes.
Adult ; Chorioretinitis* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Nose ; Polychondritis, Relapsing* ; Prednisolone ; Scleritis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Visual Acuity

The authors are presenting the SLING TECHNIQUE, utilizing human tissue for the retinal detachment caused by a macular break. In the literature on the surgical technique of the retinal detachment caused by a macular hole, the sling technique of Margherio and Schepens is considered the operation of choice among the modalities currently available. They used the following procedure. The lateral rectus and the inferior oblique muscles are temporaily detached from the globe and the eye is then rotated superonasally. The macular hole is perforated exactly by a fine perforated needle under visual control with a binocular ophthalmoscope. A single diathermy current is then released. A silicone band is placed over the posterior half of the globe in the meridian extending from 12 to 6 o'clock, the middle of the band being over the macula and its end near the insertion of the superior rectus and the inferior rectus muscles respectively. An 8mm. grooved piece of silicone is placed under the band in the macular region. When the buckle is in the conect position and of the desired hight, the suture on the end of the band is tied permanently. Modifying the Margherio and Schepens Procedure, we used minimal cryothermy (-60 degrees C, 20 sec.), amniotic tissue and fascia lata instead of the pentrating diathermy, silicone piece and silicone band respectively. A sufficient adhesive chorioretinitis was caused by the minimal cryothermy and the additional implantation of amniotic tissue over the macular area. We did not attempt to see whether there would be sufficient adhesive chorioretinitis with implantation of amniotic tissue only and without cryothermy. Subretinal fluid was drained in every case, because of the fact that spongiosis chorioideae does not take place easily on the posterior pole due to the histologic charecteristic of the choroid in this region. This technique causes less complications and the resulting improvement in vision is excellent.
Adhesives ; Chorioretinitis ; Choroid ; Diathermy ; Fascia Lata ; Humans* ; Muscles ; Needles ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Silicones ; Subretinal Fluid ; Sutures ; Telescopes