Objective: To determine the antiangiogenic activity of Telescopium telescopium (Horn snail) extract using in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Methods Methanolic extract of Telescopium telescopium was subjected to modified Kupchan partitioning. Four treatment groups – negative control, positive control (quercetin), test samples, and blanks – were used for the in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. ImageJ software was used to measure average vessel diameter (DV) and total length (LT) to determine the degree of vascularization, percent inhibition, and antiangiogenic activity. Biochemical screening was done for the crude extract and the fraction with the highest percent inhibition.
Chorioallantoic Membrane ; Gastropoda

OBJECTIVETo explore the invasiveness of xenografts on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) after tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) gene transfection.

METHODSFresh ameloblastoma tissues were minced into 1-2 mm3 and transplanted on the CAM. There were three groups named as control group (Empt), plasma transfection group (Lipo), and TIMP-2 gene transfection group (P). The specimens were respectively investigated by microscope indifferent spots after implanting. The volume of the xenografts and the weight of xenografts in the termination time of the experiment were recorded. The invasiveness of xenografts was divided into four grades by pathological examination. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MIMP-2) and TIMP-2 protein in xenografts.

RESULTSAmeloblastoma tissues can survive on CAM and the tumor cells may invade it on 5-7 days after implanting. At 9 d after implanting, the invasiveness grades in P group were 7 in grade 0, 1 in grade 2, 0 in grade 3. The expression of TIMP-2 protein in P group was significantly higher than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). The expression of MMP-2 protein in P group was lower than that in Empt group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe xenotransplanted tumor model of human ameloblastoma on CAM was successfully established. The invasiveness of ameloblastoma xenografts was suppressed might be due to TIMP-2 gene transfection.

Ameloblastoma ; Animals ; Chickens ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate choline promoting angiogenesis on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).

METHODSCAM model was prepared, the choline chloride, human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) and normal saline were added respectively onto the carrier on the CAM, the state of angiogenesis was observed and the number of new blood vessels was counted.

RESULTSCholine chloride was tested at the concentrations of 0.5 nmol/L - 1 mmol/L in this experiment, when its concentrations were increased to 0.01 micromol/L - 1 000 micromol/L, it could stimulate angiogenesis, the minimum effective concentration was tested as 0.01 micromol/L, and its effect for promoting the angiogenesis was equivalent to that of hVEGF, the potent stimulator for angiogenesis.

CONCLUSIONThe result shows that choline can promote angiogenesis in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane.

Animals ; Chick Embryo ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Choline ; pharmacology ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects

Eimeria (E.) tenella (local isolate) sporozoites were adapted on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 10-12 days chicken embryos and completed its life cycle in 6~7 days at 39 degrees C and 70 per cent humidity. Only 23 embryos (4.6%) were found dead from 1~4 day post inoculation of sporozoites with mild lesions on CAM with no gametocytes but few sporozoites in chorioallantoic fluid (CAF). On 5~7 day post inoculation, 432 embryos (86.4%) were found dead with severe haemorrhages on CAM and CAF contained uncountable number of gametocytes. After seven days post inoculation, 45 embryos (9%) were found to be alive. Some oocysts were also detected in the CAF on 6~7 days post inoculation. In the histological sections of the CAM, there were abundant small dark colored rounded bodies of gametes; distributed extensively in tissues of CAM on 5~7 days post inoculation of sporozoites. In some cases, cluster of small mature and immature relatively large bodies were seen in increasing numbers on 5~6 days post inoculation.
Animals ; Chick Embryo ; *Chickens ; Chorioallantoic Membrane/*parasitology ; Coccidiosis/parasitology/*veterinary ; Eimeria tenella/*growth&development ; Histocytochemistry ; Poultry Diseases/*parasitology

The MBT-2 mice bladder cancer tissues and the human bladder cancer tissues were implanted on the chorioallantoic membrance(CAM) of the immune deficient fertilized chicken eggs and the histopathologic changes of the CAM and gross morphologic changes of the implanted cancer tissues on CAM ere studied. The chemosensitivity tests using chicken CAM were performed for the 4 human bladder cancer tissues to mitomycin C, thiotepa and adriamycin. With this study, the following results were obtained: 1. The observation of the blood vessel on the chorioallantoic membrane was possible from the post-incubation 6th day group, but for the implantation of the cancer tissues, the blood vessels from the post-incubation 8th day group was appropriate. 2. The budding oif the host capillary vessel to the implanted cancer tissue were observed from the post-implantation second day. 3. The size of the post-implantation 7th day cancer tissues were varied from 2.3 to 9.2 folds to the size of the implantation day. 4. The total failure rate in experiment within post-operative 3rd day were 71.3 percent and the total failure rates in group who had the damage on the chorioallantoic membrance during operation was 82.5 percent. The failure rate of the experiment was declined acutely after post-operative 4th day. 5. The salvage of the eggs could be maintained until post-operative 7th day in 28.1 percent among chemosensitivity test group. 6. The 4 bladder cencer tissues which had the chemosensitivity test showed 1.6 to 7.1 fold growth to the inital implanted size and this meant resistance to the test drugs and these results were corresponded with clinical course.
Animals ; Blood Vessels ; Capillaries ; Chickens* ; Chorioallantoic Membrane* ; Doxorubicin ; Eggs* ; Humans* ; Mice* ; Mitomycin ; Ovum* ; Thiotepa ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, -3 (VEGFR-2, -3) with their corresponding signaling pathway play significant roles in the development of the embryonic vascular system and pathological lymphangiogenesis. The study was aimed to express and purify the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein, and to explore the angiogenesis effect of VEGF-D. The total RNA was extracted from human fetal lung tissue, and the mature form of VEGF-D was expanded by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), then the plasmid pGEX-5X-1/VEGF-D was reconstructed and the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein expressed in transformed E.coli BL21-DE3. The results showed that the molecular mass of this fusion protein was 38 kD and compassed more than 15% of the total bacteria proteins. The fusion protein was recognized by anti-GST and anti-VEGF-D antibodies. The soluble GST-VEGF-D fusion protein could interact with VEGFR-3/Fc and was able to stimulate the proliferation of human erythroleukemia cell line (HEL) cells. The data of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) experiments indicated that GST-VEGF-D could induce the CAM angiogenesis. It is concluded that the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein with biological activity was successfully expressed, and which may provide an experimental model for the investigation of the VEGF-D-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the angiogenesis promoting effect of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides(MOO) on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).

METHODRats blood serum containing low, medium and high doses of MOO was prepared using Chinese herbs serum pharmacology method. 60 chick embryoes were randomly divided into low, medium and high doses of MOO groups, as well as NS group, blank serum group and bFGF group. Each group included 10 embryoes. CAM model was prepared after 7 days incubation. Then NS, blank serum, bFGF (2500 U x mL(-1)), three doses of serum containing MOO were added respectively onto the carriers on the CAM. CAM sample was prepared after 3 days incubation. The state of angiogenesis was observed and the number of new blood vessels was counted.

RESULTCompared with blank serum and NS group, a more specific CAM angiogenesis appearance could be observed in each MOO group and bFGF group. Compared with blank serum group, the number of new blood vessels in each MOO group increased significantly (P < 0.05). But the drug had a lower efficacy than bFGF (P < 0.05). Compared with low dose group, the number of new blood vessels increased significantly in medium and high doses groups (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between the latter two groups. The number of new blood vessels showed no significant difference between NS group and blank serum group.

CONCLUSIONMOO can obviously promote angiogenesis of CAM.

Animals ; Chick Embryo ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Chickens ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Morinda ; chemistry ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Oligosaccharides ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibitory effect of Solanum nigrum on angiogenesis.

METHODWe examined the effects of S. nigrum on angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. On day 7 of chick embryo incubation, three concentrations of S. nigrum aqueous extracts were applied to CAMs, and their effects were evaluated on day 9.

RESULTThe angiogenesis area was significantly smaller in the CAM treated with S. nigrum than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Pathology analysis indicated that less angiogenesis occurred in the tissue of CAM under the filter paper treated with S. nigrum and the structure of large arteries was destroyed. The surrounding CAM showed a few angiogenesis formation. However, in the control group, a number of angiogenesis were observed.

CONCLUSIONS. nigrum could inhibit the angiogenesis on CAM.

Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Solanum nigrum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the angiogenesis promoting effects of clinical common used Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) for activating blood circulation to remove stasis on chick embryo chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM).

METHODSChicken CAM model was established and mice blood serum containing different kinds of medicines, including Radix Peaoniae rubra, Radix Angelicae sinensis, Flos Carthami, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, Astragalus membranaceus, and their complex prescriptions, Danggui Buxue Decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction, Xiongshao Capsule, was applied on it respectively to observe the condition of angiogenesis 72 hrs after incubation. Besides, the normal saline group, blank serum group, blank group and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group were set up for control.

RESULTSAll the CHM applied and bFGF had the CAM angiogenetic promoting effect, among them, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and the three complex prescriptions showed better effects than the three negative control groups in capillary formation and count, with the efficacy similar to that of bFGF. The effect of complex prescriptions was superior to that of single herb except Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae.

CONCLUSIONRadix Salviae miltiorrhizae, Danggui Buxue Decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and Xiongshao Capsule have good angiogenesis promoting effect on CAM. This study elucidated, from a certain aspect, the mechanism of action of CHM on ischemic diseases, and unfolded the scientific evidence of applying complex prescription.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Chorion ; blood supply ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) on endometriosis.

METHODThe eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis were transplanted into the nonvascular region of 8-day-old chicken embryo chorioallantocic membrane (CAM), and the effects of NF-kappaB p65 siRNA on the vascularization and endometriotic lesion formation were tested with proper controls.

RESULTSTransplantation of the endometrium onto the CAM resulted in a strong angiogenic response in the chicken tissue. The angiogenesis was significantly reduced and endometriotic lesion formation significantly suppressed with siRNA targeting NF-kappaB in comparison with the control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe NF-kappaB pathway is involved in the development of endometriotic lesions in vitro, and NF-kappaB gene silencing reduces endometriotic angiogenesis and promotes cell apoptosis in the endometriotic lesions, suggesting that NF-kappaB might be a good target for endometriosis treatment.

Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Endometriosis ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; deficiency ; genetics ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics