Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia is a very rare movement disorder. Few cases have been reported in the literature so far. We present a 40-year-old man with non-kinesigenic paroxysmal dyskinesia, which was initially diagnosed as a psychogenic disorder. This case highlights the varied presentation of this condition and an excellent response to clonazepam.
Adult ; Chorea ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male

Chorea/etiology* ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis* ; Phototherapy

Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with chorea is relatively rare in China,and there are no unified diagnostic criteria or specific ancillary tests.Therefore,it is confirmed by exclusionary clinical diagnosis.To improve the understanding of this disease among rheumatologists,we report the clinical data of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus combined with chorea admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University in January 2022.Furthermore,we review the relevant literature in the past 10 years and summarize the clinical features of these cases.
Humans ; Chorea/diagnosis* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications* ; China ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals

Two patients with moyamoya disease are reported whose initial and predominant manifestations were choreic movements. Choreic movements were recurrent and were often tnggered by excitement, emotional tension, or insomnia There were occurred unilaterally Moyamoya disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acquired chorea in young adults.
Chorea* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Young Adult

The differential diagnosis of chorea can be challenging in patients without a family history of Huntington's disease or acute-onset hemichorea with stroke. A 50-year-old woman presented with generalized choreic movements and gait disturbance that first appeared 1 month previously. An extensive diagnostic workup including genetic testing, neuroimaging, and various laboratory investigations revealed that this patient had developed chorea as a result of mercury poisoning. She was treated successfully with chelation therapy.
Chelation Therapy ; Chorea ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gait ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Huntington Disease ; Mercury Poisoning ; Neuroimaging ; Stroke

The differential diagnosis of chorea can be challenging in patients without a family history of Huntington's disease or acute-onset hemichorea with stroke. A 50-year-old woman presented with generalized choreic movements and gait disturbance that first appeared 1 month previously. An extensive diagnostic workup including genetic testing, neuroimaging, and various laboratory investigations revealed that this patient had developed chorea as a result of mercury poisoning. She was treated successfully with chelation therapy.
Chelation Therapy ; Chorea ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gait ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Huntington Disease ; Mercury Poisoning ; Neuroimaging ; Stroke

Child ; Chorea ; physiopathology ; Dyskinesias ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; methods ; Sleep ; physiology

BACKGROUND: Psychogenic movement disorders (PMD) are not easily distinguished from other organic diseases. We attempted to discover the important clinical clues for the correct diagnosis of PMD. METHODS: In our study, we include-ed patients who visited Youngdong Severance Hospital due to movement disorders from 1994 to 1998. Using medical records and video tape recordings, we performed a retrospective evaluation of the patients with PMD. We included documented and clinically established PMD according to degree of certainty of the diagnosis of PMD ( by Fahn, 1994). RESULTS: Twenty-five (1.6%) of 1520 consecutive patients with movement disorders were diagnosed with documented or clinically established PMD. They presented a variety of movement disorders including tremors (60%), dystonia (16%), myoclonus (12%), chorea (4%), parkinsonism (4%), and isolated gait problems (4%). The precipitating factors were reported by 23 of the 25 (92%) patients, and 16 (64%) patients were suspected to enjoy secondary gains. Ten of the 11 patients underwent a distractibility test, 15 of 17 patients underwent placebo trials, and 3 of 5 patients underwent an one-way mirror observation showing significant and dramatic amelioration of their symptoms. Long-term psychi-atric treatment was effective in 4 of 9 patients. CONCLUSIONS: In patients who are suspected to have PMD by the pres-ence of causative factors, acute onset, incongruity, inconsistency, and presence of secondary gain, efforts to provide objective evidence for the diagnosis of PMD must be made. Many of the patients with PMD refused psychiatric evalua-tion. Half of the patients improved through psychiatric treatment.
Chorea ; Diagnosis ; Dystonia ; Gait ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Movement Disorders* ; Myoclonus ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Precipitating Factors ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tremor ; Videotape Recording

Huntington's disease(HD), an autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by progressive involuntary choreiform movement, psychiatric symptoms, and dementia. We experienced a 44-year-old male HD patient with prominent family history of the disease who showed dementia and involuntary movements including chorea. The diagnosis was made by clinical symptoms, family history of the disease, and brain MRI findings to show bicaudate atrophy and diffuse cortical atrophy with marked ventricualr dilatation. Interestingly, the patient frequently exhibited generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The seizures first appeared about 3 to 4 years after the onset of HD and were controlled with valproic acid. To our knowledge, this may be the first case of lateonset HD accompanied by generalized seizures and we report this case with literature review.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Chorea ; Dementia ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Dyskinesias ; Humans ; Huntington Disease* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Seizures* ; Valproic Acid

A 68-year-old woman with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department with choreoathetoid movements affecting the upper and lower left limbs. Computed tomography of the brain did not show any intracranial abnormalities. However, subsequent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain revealed an increased T1 signal in the right basal ganglia, raising the suspicion of nonketotic hyperglycaemic chorea-hemiballismus. Management consisted of adjusting her insulin dose to achieve good glycaemic control. The patient subsequently recovered and was discharged after eight days. There are many causes of basal ganglia T1 hyperintensity, including hyperglycaemia in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. This case emphasises the importance of MR imaging in the early diagnosis of hyperglycaemia as a cause of chorea-hemiballismus, to enable early treatment and a better clinical outcome.
Aged ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Chorea ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dyskinesias ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; complications ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods