Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of outpatient clinic-based sutureless amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) along with therapeutic contact lens (T-lens) application in eyes with persistent epithelial defects (PED). Methods: Nine eyes of nine patients (mean age, 71.7 ± 5.2 years) diagnosed with PED and treated with in-office sutureless AMT combined with T-lens application were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, systemic diseases, PED etiology, corneal epithelial defect size, visual acuity, corneal scraping culture results, and clinical course were evaluated. Results: Among nine eyes with PED, three had neurotrophic keratopathy, four had infectious keratitis (three with fungal keratitis and one with bacterial keratitis), one had limbal deficiency, and one had marginal keratitis. The mean epithelial defect size (calculated as an average of the horizontal and vertical diameters) was 3.13 ± 1.42 mm, and the mean duration from AMT to epithelial healing was 30.1 ± 10.5 days (range, 14–51 days) in successful trials. The success rates were 77.8% (7/9) per patient and 66.7% (8/12) per trial. The causes of failure in two patients were AMT displacement and uncontrolled infection. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that in-office sutureless AMT combined with T-lens application can be used in patients with PED who are refractory to medications. It will be especially helpful for elderly patients because of its easy-to-use method. To achieve successful outcomes with AMT, an appropriate periocular environment as well as infection control need to be considered.

Cnical analysis of pyogenic hip in children was made on 18 patients, who had been admitted in the dept. of orthopedic surgery, Seoul Red Cross Hospital from Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1976. The following results were obtained: 1. The incidence of the pyogenic hip was slightly higher in male than female as 11 versus 7 and it was higher in the age group of 5~7 years and 11~13 years. 2. The most of the etiological microorganism was coagulase positive stap hylococcus aureus. 3. Penicillin was resistant to staphylococcus aureus in about 75% of cases, and orbenin and Lincocin were most sensitive in 58.2% of cases. 4. All cases treated with arthrotomy and irigation or drainage, but prognosis was different by method of surgical approach and method of treatment. 5 In reference with progoosis early hospitalization, early diagnosis and early treatment were counted to be imperative as known.
Child ; Coagulase ; Drainage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Hip ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lincomycin ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Penicillins ; Prognosis ; Red Cross ; Seoul ; Staphylococcus aureus

Nitric oxide(NO) has recently been identified as a short-lived intracellular messenger in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Nitric oxide synthase(NOS) is a key enzyme for NO biosynthesis by formation of citrulline from L-arginine. This enzyme reaction requires reduced nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) as a co-factor and the electron transferring c-terminal sequence of NOS give rise to its NADPH-diaphorase activity. However, it has yet to prove that NO is a sensory neurotransmitter in olfactory nervous system. The purpose of this study was to localize histochemically the distribution of NADPH-diaphorase in the olfactory system of rats. In the olfactory mucosa, NADPH-diaphorase positive cells were demonstrated in the ciliary layers, Bowmann's glands and olfactory nerve bundles. In main olfactory bulb, a large number of NADPH-diaphorase positive cells were also demonstrated in nerve fibers of olfactory nerve layer, periglomerular cell, superficial short axon cells of external plexiform layer and deep short axon cells between granular and subependymal layers. Furthermore there were NADPH-diaphorase positive cells of plexiform and granular cell layers of the accessory olfactory bulb. Therefore, it is suggested that the presence of NADPH-diaphorase acitivity in nerve fibers of olfactory system may be involved in odor processing.
Adenine ; Animals ; Arginine ; Axons ; Citrulline ; Nerve Fibers ; Nervous System ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Nicotine ; Nitric Oxide ; Odors ; Olfactory Bulb ; Olfactory Mucosa ; Olfactory Nerve ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Rats*

PURPOSE:To identify the main toxic gas released from salted radish in rice bran(Dan-Mu-Ji) and to introduce the radiological findings of the patient who was exposed to the gas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs and CT scans of one survivor among three men who were exposed to the gas from Dan-Mu-Ji were reviewed. Gas obtained from the closed bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was analized by using the gas chromatography. RESULTS: The radiographic examinations of the survivor were suggestive of pulmonary edema with it's rapidly improving consolidations in both lung. The headspace gas within the bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was mainly composed with carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol and hydrogen sulfide, of which hydrogen sulfide was considered the main toxic gas released. CONCLUSION: Under the anaerobic condition, Dan-Mu-Ji released toxic hydrogen sulfide. Inhalation of hydrogen sulfide might produce non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Anoxia* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Chromatography, Gas ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; Inhalation ; Lung ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Raphanus* ; Survivors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Allergic rhinitis is characterized by airway structural changes, including inflammation and basement thickening. An imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) is thought to play a critical role in the synthesis or degradation of the extracellular matrix of the airway architecture. To elucidate the mechanism of remodeling in allergic rhinitis, we investigated the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients and the control subjects. We also compared the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells (eosinophils) and the immunostained areas of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasal biopsy specimens were obtained from 20 subjects with allergic rhinitis and 20 healthy control subjects, and the extent of staining by MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was estimated by using immunohistochemicd staining. Using a computer assisted image analysis system, we quantified the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1, and the number of inflammatory cells was also determined. RESULTS: Expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were observed in the nasal mucosa of epithelial cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells. The extent of immunostained areas of MMP-9 was signi6cantly greater than that of TIMP-1 in the allergic rhinitis patients. A significant correlation was found between the number of eosinophils and the extent of MMP-9 immunostained area. CONCLUSION: The increased expression of MMP-9 in the allergic nasal mucosa suggests that MMP-9 secreted from the infiltrating inflammatory cells and the nasal epithelium causes tissue remodeling in the allergic nasal mucosa.
Biopsy ; Eosinophils ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Inflammation ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Nasal Mucosa* ; Rhinitis* ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biomechanical results according to various anterior spinal fixation methodology in the treatment of thoracolumbar spine fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The comparative analysis of fixation method was evaluated by three dimensional finite element model using the 1 mm reconstruction image of CT. Authors evaluated the flexion, extension, lateral bending, torsional stresses with 12 fixation methods for the compression and burst fracture. RESULTS: In biomechanical analysis, stiffness of body-fixation device was more stable in two-rod system in compression fracture and was stable in one-rod, two-rod system in burst fracture, but two-rod system was showed over-increase of stiffness. CONCLUSION: Authors recommend the usage of two-rod system in anterior fixation only and anterior one-rod system in anterior-posterior fixation.
Fractures, Compression ; Methods ; Spine*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are group of evolutionary conserved proteins whose synthesis are greatly enhanced in cells following exposure to various stressors and play an important role in cellular protection and survival. The purpose of this study was to determine whether olfactory stimulation induces the synthesis of HSP72 in olfactory system of the rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Animals were exposed to odorant stimuli using 2% propionic acid odorant stimuli and expression pattern of HSP72 in the olfactory system were detected by immunohistochemistry using anti-HSP72 antibody according to time course and by Western blotting. RESULTS: HSP72 immunopositive cells were expressed in the olfactory epithelium and in the olfactory bulb neurons and a 72 kD band was detected by Western blotting. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that expression of HSP72 in olfactory system of the rat following exposure to odor may serve as a marker for cellular stress and potential damage and may be involved in cellular protection against injuries.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Diethylpropion ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Hot Temperature* ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Odors* ; Olfactory Bulb ; Olfactory Mucosa ; Rats*

The effects of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) on testicular cell populations in pubertal (5 weeks old) and adult (9 weeks old) male rats were investigated by a flow cytometric method. A total of 50 rats (in number, 25 pubertal and 25 adult rats) was divided into 5 experimental groups including 0 (control), 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg EGEE/kg of body weight. The animals were administered by gavage for 4 weeks. In adult rats, the treatment of EGEE at the dose of 400 mg/kg of body weight decreased significantly the populations of haploid, while it increased those of diploid and tetraploid cells. In pubertal rats, the treatment of EGEE at the dose of 400 mg/kg of body weight caused only minimal changes in the relative percent of testicular cell types. These results suggest that the effects of EGEE on testicular function in pubertal rats appear to be less pronounced than in adult rats.
Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethylene Glycols/*toxicity ; Male ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Rats ; Sexual Maturation/*drug effects ; Solvents/*toxicity ; Spermatogenesis/*drug effects ; Testis/drug effects/*pathology ; Time Factors

In the treatment of aortoiliac disease, two methods could be considered. One is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and the other is bypass graft. However sometimes two methods could be combined in high risk patients with a lengthy unilateral occlusion of one iliac artery and less extensive obstruction of the contralateral one, since higher risk aortofemoral bypass surgery may be obviated by femoro-femoral bypass graft after percutaneous treatment of the less diseased iliac artery. We report two cases of arortoiliac disease treated with Strecker stent followed by femoro-femoral bypass graft.
Angioplasty ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Stents* ; Transplants*