No abstract available.
Duodenal Obstruction*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Pneumonia*

No abstract available.
Abscess*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Humans ; Twins, Monozygotic*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To analyze the characteristies of traumatic brainstem injury by CT and MR MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT and MR studies of 10 patients with traumatic brainstem lesion in MR were retrospectively reviewed, particularly attended to location, signal intensity and associated lesions. RESULTS: CT failed to depict 8 of 10 brainstem lesions. All lesions were detected in MR images with T2-weighted images showing higher detection rate (n=10) (100%) than Tl-weighted images (n=3) (30%) or CT (n=2) (20%). The brainstem lesions located in the dorsolateral aspects of the rostral brainstem(mid brain and upper pons)in 7 (70%) cases, in ventral aspects of rostral brain in 2 (20%) cases and in median portion of pons in 1 (10%) case. Corpus callosal (n=5), Iobar white matter(n=5) diffuse axonal injury, and 2 hemorrhagic lesions in basal ganglia were the associated findings. CONCLUSION: MR imaging is more helpful than CT in the detection of brainstem injury, especially T2 weighted images. Primary brainstem lesions were typically located in the dorsolateral aspect of rostral brainstem(midbrain and upper pons). Corpus callosum and white matter lesions were frequently associated.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Stem* ; Corpus Callosum ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pons ; Retrospective Studies

We report a case of Lymphomatoid granulomatosis in a 54-year-old woman. She presented with a two months history of a tender nodule located on the left for earm associated with fever and pulmonary symptoma aggravated against various treatments. She died 92 days of admission because of respiratory failure. Diagnosis was based on the clinical features and histopathologic findings of the skin lesion.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis* ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Skin

For the study of correlation of CT number and fatty content of the liver, total 35 rabbits were used. Therabbits were divided into one control and three experimental groups according to the amount of carbonetetra choloride, administered 1ml, 2ml and 3ml per kg lf body weight respectively. The carbone tetrachloride wasadministered via intragastric route. CT was performed 72 hours following administration of carbone tetrachloride,and immediately prior to CT scan each rabbit was anesthetized by means of IM injection of ketamine and IV injection of succinylcholine to stop motion and respiration. CT numbers were measured and histological study forthe deposition of fat in the liver tissue was done. Also biochemical analysis of lipid in the blood and in theextraction of liver tissue was performed. Comparison of CT number with biochemical and histological data was done.The results were as follows: 1. In each experimental group, the degree of accumulation of fat in the liver was proportional to the amount of carbone tetrachloride. 2. Degree of decreaseing CT number was correlated with theincrease in the accumlation of fat in the liver. 3. In the control and experimental (1,2,3) groups, when theamount of carbone tetrachloride increased, the amount of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride on biochemical analysis of the liver increased. Also increase in the amount of plasma lipids on biochemical analysis and a greatdegree of increase in accumulation of fat in the liver on histological examination were see. But no changes in theamounts of phospholipid and protein on biochemical analysis of the liver were noticed. 4. Increase in the amountof total lipid could make a change in the CT number of the liver remakably(r=−0.63). As the amount of cholesteroland triglyceride increased, the CT number of the liver decreased (r=−0.61 and r=−0.76 respectively). But there wasno significant correlation between the amount of protein and phospholipid and the degree of decrease in CT number.5. Mean values of CT number in normal, grade 1, grade 2, grade 3 and grade 4 according to the degree ofhistological changes were 67.46±2.24, 58.53±3.06, 49.43±6.91, 39.49±9.69, 20.62±8.04 respectively. Thereduction of CT number was correlated with the accumulation of fat on histological examination.
Body Weight ; Carbon ; Cholesterol ; Fatty Liver ; Ketamine ; Liver ; Plasma ; Rabbits ; Respiration ; Succinylcholine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Triglycerides

Bacterial keratitis is a common ophthalmic disease. In certain cases of pseudomonas keratitis, the corneal perforation may occur within 24-48 hours of the onset. Soa suitable, massive antibiotic should be promptly used in these cases. Intensive topical therapy with fortified aminoglycoside antibiotics is a current mainstay in the treatment of bacterial keratitis because insufficient antibiotic concentrations may not inhibit bacterial growth. In 1985, Glasser and associates reported the effect of longer dosing intervals on corneal gentamicin levels with using topical fortified gentamicin solutions in rabbits. We compared peak and trough antibiotic levels achieved in the rabbit cornea by various topical administrations of tobramycin which was prepared in a concentration of 13.6mg/ml by fortifying commercially available ophthalmic tobramycin solution with injectable drug. A loading dose consists of one drop given every minute for five minutes. 1. Eyes receiving one drop every hour(Group 1) and three drops every two hours(Group 5) showed little conjunctival hyperemia. Eyes given one drop every 30 minutes(Group 2) developed minimal inflammatory responses, as did eyes given a single loading dose followed by one drop each hour(Group 4). The moderate inflammatory response occurred in eyes receiving sequential loading doses(Group 3). Abnormalities in the cornea and the iris were not seen in all studied groups. 2. Gentamicin peak level in sequential loading doses group(Group 3) was significantly higher than those achieved by one drop every hour(Group 1) or one drop every 30 minutes(Group 2). At two hours of gentamicin administration, sequential loading doses(Group 3) produced remarkably high concentrations: than those produced in Group 1, Group 2, or three drops every two hours(Group 5). During the first four hours, Group 3 represented high antibiotic levels than those produced in Group 1, Group 2, Group 5, or a single loading dose followed by one drop each hour(Group 4). There were no significant differences between trough levels with on drop every hour(Group 1) and three drops every two hours(Group 5).
Administration, Topical* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cornea ; Corneal Perforation ; Gentamicins ; Hyperemia ; Iris ; Keratitis ; Pseudomonas ; Rabbits* ; Tobramycin*

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a conjugated gaze disorder characterized by impaired adduction on the side of a lesion involving the medial longitudinal fasciculus with dissociated nystagmus of the other abducting eye. Six patients with INO (who had clinical cerebrovascular diseases) underwent MR imaging and the results were as follows: 1. The MLF lesions were identified by MR imaging in 5 cases 2. The ratio of unilateral INO to bilateral INO was 5:1 3. The nature of lesions was infarction in 4 cases and hemorrhage in 1 case 4. The sites of MLE lesion were in the midbrain in 4 cases and in the pons in 1 case 5. All 5 cases of INO identified by MR imaging had other lesion sites in addition to MLE lesion.
Cerebrovascular Disorders* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mesencephalon ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Ocular Motility Disorders* ; Pons