The changes in serum electrolytes that follow the administration of succinylcholine have been reported in numerous publications since the first description of hyperkalemia by Klupp et al in 1954. The changes in serum K+, Ca++ and Na+ after administration of succinylcholine, 2mg/kg, were compared in 3groups of 20 patients each to determine the effect of diasepam and d-Tubocurarine pretreatment on the elctrolyte level. Group l received succinylcholine 2mg/kg only; group ll diazepam 0.2mg/kg 3 minutes before succinylcholine; group lll 3mg d-Tubocurarine 3 minutes before succinylcholine. This investigation was limited to the first 10 minutes after induction on sixty, ASA class 1 patients undergoing elective surgical procedure. The results were as follows: 1) A significant increase of serum potassium concentration was observed at 4 minutes and 6 minutes in group l compared to baseline value(p<0.05). 2) Mean peak change ratio in serum potassium was significantly lower in group lll than group l (p<0.05). 3) There was no significant changes in serum concentration in 3 groups. 4) There was no significant changes in serum sodium concentration except for a decrease at 10 minutes in group l(p<0.05).
Diazepam* ; Electrolytes ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Succinylcholine ; Surgical Procedures, Elective ; Tubocurarine*

No abstract available.
Spondylosis*

PURPOSE: To assess the value of MR imaging compared to CT for the staging of gastric carcinoma when body-wrap-around surface coil, intravenous glucagon, motion suppression technique and effervescent granules are used. MATERIAL AND METHOD: CT and MRI were performed for thirty-five patients with gastric carcinoma. Postcontrast CT scan was performed immediately after oral effervescent granules and Buscopan were given. Before MR imaging, BWA surface coil was wrapped around the upper abdomen. T1 coronal, sagittal and axial SE images (TRITE=400/15 msec) were obtained immediately after oral effervescent granules and glucagon were given. Respiratory compensation and presaturation techniques were used for each imaging. Three radiologists evaluated independently for randomly mixed 70 sets of CT and MR images. The signal intensity of gastric mass and enlarged lymph nodes were compared to the signal intensity of the adjacent pancreas, liver and spleen to evaluate any discriminating features between them. RESULTS: The accuracy in the diagnosis of pancreatic invasion was 83.8% on MRI and 74.3% on CT (p < 0.05). The accuracy of MRI and CT was 77.1% and 72.4% in detecting of gastric tumor respectively (p > 0.05), 73.3% and 68.6% in gastric serosal invasion (p> 0.05), 50.5% and 42.9% in lymph node metastasis (p > 0.05). The gastric mass and enlarged lymph nodes were hypointense to the intensity of pancreas and liver in more than 78% of cases. CONCLUSION: MRI was comparable to CT scan for the staging of gastric carcinoma. Therefore, MRI could be used as an alternative or adjunctive diagnostic modality in the staging of gastric carcinoma.
Abdomen ; Butylscopolammonium Bromide ; Compensation and Redress ; Diagnosis ; Glucagon ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Spleen ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

With increasing use of whole blood transfusions, a variety of untoward reactions have been recognized during the past quarter century. The most common complication of blood trasfusions is urticaria among the allergic reactions, but angioneurotic edema, bronchospasm, and even anaphylactic shock have been observed. The urticaria after blood transfusion during anesthesia has been studied from March 1980 to February 1979 in the department of anesthesiology in Ewha Womans University Hospital. Among 642 cases in total of whole blood transfusion, there were 92 cases(14.4%) of urticaria. The following results were obtained: 1) 92 cases(14.4%) developed urticaria. 2) Among them, 52 cases(59.8%) had mild form urticaria, 16 cases(17.3%) moderate and 21 cases(22.8%) serere. 3) 20 cases of severe urticaria were given average 6. 25 pints of whole blood transfusion. 4) The incidence of urticarial reaction increased with the amount of blood given. 5) Almost all cases of severe urticaria were over 20 years of age and the difference of sex ratio was not significant. 6) Average eosinophil count was 1. 5% of whole white blood cell count and it was within normal limits. 7) 19 cases received general anesthesia and only one case spinal anesthesia. 8) Average onset of urticarial reactions was 1 hour and 45 minutes after transfusion started and everage duration of urticarial reactions was 4 hours and 15 minutes. 9) Pheniramine maleate, hydrocortisone sodium succinate and epinephrine were used as the treatment of urticaria. 10) The results of treatment were good in 25%, moderate 55% and poor 20%.
Anaphylaxis ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthesiology ; Angioedema ; Blood Transfusion* ; Bronchial Spasm ; Eosinophils ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Leukocyte Count ; Pheniramine ; Sex Ratio ; Sodium ; Succinic Acid ; Urticaria*

No Abstract Available.
Cell Line* ; Humans* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

No Abstract Available.
Cell Line* ; Humans* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

The authors experienced of two cases of steroid-induced glaucoma, the one was developed both systemic administration of corticosteroids and topical application of it on the face for 15 years, and the other was developed by topical instillation of corticosteroids in the eye for 20 years respectively. The clinical and literary review were made upon its pathogenesis and treatment.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Glaucoma*

In the diagnosis of acute spinal trauma, meticulous physical examination and history taking is the most important tool and auxilliary support support can be given by plain X-ray, CT or myelography, etc. But these cannot show the state of cord injury directly. On the contrary, MRI shows the cord directly as well as the soft and bony tissues. We analysed retrospectively 39 patients who suffered from acute spinal trauma at the level of cervical and thoracic spine and had their spine MRI taken. We verified the meaningful correlation between the signal change in the spinal cord on MRI and the degree of neurologic deficit and prognosis, using Frankel classification and trauma motor index at the time of admission and the final follow-up.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelography ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Physical Examination ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

This research was conducted to study the effect of milk consumption on blood lipid levels of Korean college women. According to milk intake from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), top 20% of subjects were classified as high group(HG) and bottom 20% as low group (LG). Body weight, height and blood pressure were measured and BMI was calculated from the anthropometric data, but there was no significant difference between the groups. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and lipoprotein fractions. There was no significant difference in the blood level of albumin, total protein and hemoglobin between two groups, and all blood parameters were in the normal range. Blood lipid levels of two groups were not significantly different, but HDLcholesterol level were higher in HG (p < 0.05). Therefore, according to the result of the research, it is considered that drinking a pack of milk (200 ml) everyday, the average intake of dairy products of HG, is advisable to promote good health without increasing of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Dairy Products ; Drinking ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Milk* ; Reference Values ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Triglycerides

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta is a rare congenital malfomation. To date, there have been 60 reported cases in the literature. Usually the right pulmonary artery arises form the ascending aorta and other malformations such as patent ductus arteriosus are commonly associated. Early diagnosis is essential because congestive heart failure develops in early life and operation is contraindicated if severe pulmonary vascular changes have occurred. We report a case of anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta, which is associated with patent ductus arteriosus and severe pulmonary hypertension. She was diagnosed by digital subtractional angiography and cardiac catheterization.
Angiography ; Aorta* ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Early Diagnosis ; Heart Failure ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Pulmonary Artery*