No abstract available.
Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelins ; Epoprostenol ; Thrombin ; Umbilical Veins

A 44-year-old man was transferred to our department for mediastinal mass. He had suffered from only an easily fatiguable condition for 1 month. A physical examination and laboratory finding of the patient disclosed no abnormality. A chest radiograph showed a soft tissue tumor in the posterior mediastinum. It was well circumscribed and ovoid. Invasions to adjacent organs were not seen. Therefore it was though the 5th intercostal space. The tumor mass was attached to the visceral pleura of the right upper lobe by a pedicle and this pedunculated tumor laid entirely within the pleural cavity. Excision of the tumor which measured 7x7x3cm was done easily. Pathologic studies confirmed the diagnosis of localized fibrous tumor of the pleura. Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura is rare, This tumor along ith the evidence from ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies has led most researchers to conclude that localized fibrous tumor is not of the mesothelial origin but arises in the submesothelial connective tissue.
Adult ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; Mesothelioma ; Physical Examination ; Pleura* ; Pleural Cavity ; Pleural Neoplasms ; Radiography, Thoracic

In addition to many of the widely accepted risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), such as prematurity, oxygen toxicity, barotrauma, and infection, the amount of fluid intake during the early phase of life has recently been reported to be an important factor, especially the amount of colloid. Forty-one premature infants who were admitted to the NICU of Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine between Jan. 1990 and Jun. 1992 and treated for respiratory difficulty with mechanical ventilation and restrictive fluid therapy were included in the study. fourteen were diagnosed as BPD and the rest were grouped as Non-BPD. We confirmed prematurity, low birth weight, high oxygen concentration, high ventilator pressures and rates, perinatal asphyxia, acidosis, and low blood pressures as risk factors. However, with restrictive fluid therapy that we have used, there was no difference in the amount of total fluid, of crystalloid, or of colloid between BPD and Non-BPD groups, as were the urine output, serum electrolyte concentrations, and percent body weight change. The amount of colloid when used for the maintenance of adequate blood pressures and for the prevention and treatment of hypovolemia, oliguria, anemia of sepsis under the scheme of restrictive fluid therapy would not influence adversely in the development of BPD. Instead, the amount of colloid used may imply the severity of illness of the patient; that is, the more severe the condition of the patient the more the amount of colloid used.
Acidosis ; Anemia ; Asphyxia ; Barotrauma ; Body Weight Changes ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* ; Colloids ; Fluid Therapy* ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Oliguria ; Oxygen ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Risk Factors* ; Sepsis ; Ventilators, Mechanical

A 55-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of chest discomfort, dysphagia and severe pain on swallowing. Esophageal manometry showed that there was no relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter to swallowing. There was double barrelled esophagus or mucosal stripe appearance on esophagogram. Endoscopy revealed an appearance as if an esophago-tracheal fistula had been made at the level of the upper thoracic esophagus. Also, two slit-like mucosal tears was seen on the lower esophagus. There after, fasting and total parenteral nutrition for several weeks failed to bring about any changes in his symptoms. So, as treatment, primary closure of the upper opening of the false lummen was performed under general anesthesia. Soon after the surgical procedure, the patient's symptoms were improved except for mild dysphagia. He was discharged after oral intake had been juduciously commenced with fluids and soft diet subsequently. During follow-up in out-patient department, he had no specific symptoms including fever or dysphagia and massive dissection of the esophagus was improved on esophagogram. We report the experience of a case of spontaneous submucosal dissection of the esophagus which required conservative and surgical management.
Anesthesia, General ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diet ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Esophagus* ; Fasting ; Fever ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Manometry ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Relaxation ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: The purpose of carotid endarterectomy is to prevent stroke regardless of past neurologic events. Major concern in the carotid endarterectomy is the inadequate blood flow of ipsilateral hemisphere during clamping of the carotid artery. It is well known that internal carotid artery back pressure means collateral cerebral blood flow. Our study is intended to determine the guideline of shunt placement according to the carotid back pressure and electroencephalographic finding. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study population comprised of 16 consecutive patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis in our institution between from February 1996 to March 1999. There were 14 men and 2 women between the ages of 56 and 78 years(mean age 66.25+/-6.53 years). The carotid stenosis in the operative site was ranged from 61% to 95%(mean 73.8+/-12.33%) and the mean carotid stenosis of the contralateral side was 60.99+/-25.03%. During the operation, electroencephalographic monitoring was taken in all cases. The internal carotid artery back pressure was measured to estimate the collateral cerebral blood flow, and in all patients with back pressure below 40 mmHg(11 patients) and patients with complete occulusion of contralateral carotid artery(2 patients), an internal shunt was installed. RESULT: One postoperative death occurred in a patient with large evolving cerebral infarction and severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis, who underwent emergent carotid endarterectomy. The cause of death was hemorrhagic infarction in the corresponding cerebral territory. We observed that immediate operation after a major stroke negatively influenced the postoperative outcome. No intraoperative ischemic neurologic complication developed. During the follow-up upto now(mean follow-up 21.5+/-11.85 months), there has been no early or late recurrence of stroke except one patient ,in whom cerebral infarction developed in the contralateral side on the first postoperative day. CONCLUSION: At least 4-6 weeks stabilization after a stroke is recommended for surgical management. The carotid endarterectomy is an effective surgical intervention for prevention of anticipated stroke and can be performed safely if an internal shunt is used in patients whose internal carotid arterial back pressure is below 40 mmHg.
Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Carotid Stenosis* ; Cause of Death ; Cerebral Infarction ; Constriction ; Endarterectomy ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction ; Male ; Recurrence ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

No abstract available.
Bacteremia* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnant Women*

A-13-urar-old with a history of Alport syndrome had been suffering from progressive dysphagia and postprandial vomiting for over 7 years. Exophagogram and manoemtric studies were consistent with achalasia. Barum study demonstrated marked esophageal dilatation and smooth tapered narrowing of the distal esophagus. However in spite of the medical treatment including the injection of the distal esophagus. However in spite of the medical treatment including the injection of botulinum toxin at the lesion site using an endoscope symptom did not improved and he suffered growth failure and malnutrition. Esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy were performed to relieve the dysphagia. A firm circumferential intramural mass about 7x5x5 cm was found in the distal esophagus. The lumen of the esophagus was markedly dilated and esophageal wall was hypertrophied. Histologic examination of the neoplasm revealed a rather ill defined tumor tissue consisting of interlacing or whirling spindle cells without significant mitosis and esophageal leiomyo-matosis was confirmed. The patient was discharged uneventfully.
Botulinum Toxins ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dilatation ; Endoscopes ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Leiomyomatosis* ; Malnutrition ; Mitosis ; Nephritis, Hereditary* ; Vomiting

Recently, The non-penetrating injury of bronchus has been increased, especially by traffic accident. Early diagnosis and primary repair of bronchial injury not only restore normal lung function but also avoid the difficulties and complications associated with delayed diagnosis and repair. This report describes about a case of total collapse and consolidation of left lung with the complete transection of nearly bifurcated portion of left main bronchus , lasted for 2weeks after traffic accident. This was diagnosed by fiberbronchoscopy and 3-D chest computed tomography (CT). She underwent the sleeve resection and end to end anastomosis, and postoperative PEEP for 2 days, suctioning twice by fiberbronchoscopy, continue postural drainge and physiotherapy were applied. She had almost full expansion of the left lung at discharge.
Accidents, Traffic ; Bronchi* ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Lung ; Suction ; Thorax

Hypermobility of the bladder neck in response to increased intraabdominal pressure is the anatomical cause of female stress urinary incontinence ( SUI) and the degree of bladder neck movement has been used to classify SUI patients and to guide management decisions. We performed transvaginal ultrasonography in 14 SUI patients and 20 normal female as control to assess its role on the demonstration of the anatomical features associated with SUI. We adopted three anatomical factors in the sagittal plane which affect the bladder neck mobility , vertical (JY) and horizontal(JX) distance difference between pubic symphysis and bladder neck, and rotation angle difference(JZ) composed of by pubic symphysis and bladder neck during rest and stress states. There were significant differences in Y and Z between the two groups. Three months after corrective surgery for SUI these two factors showed significant improvement in all patients. It could be concluded that transvaginal ultrasonography is a safe and reliable method to diagnosis and evaluate the postoperative outcome for SUI.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Neck ; Pubic Symphysis ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence*