0.05). After operation about 50% cases (11/22) improved the menstrual dysfunction, and most cases avoid doing operation again in short period. Conclusion While cases chosen properly and adequate operative preparation, it is feasible and valuable to carry out cesarean section and myomectomy at the same time.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of exogenous transforming growth factor β1 on the apoptosis of nerve cells and its functions following spinal cord injury in rats.MethodsNinety-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:group A(control group),group B(spinal cord injured group),group C (spinal cord injuried +TGF-β1 treated group),group D (spinal cord injuried +anti-TGF-β1 treated group).The rat model of spinal cord injury was found by the Allen's method.In group C and D,drugs were injected into subarachnoid cavity continuously by minipump.The changes of spinal cord were observed by HE staining.Nerve cells apoptosis was detected by transferase-medi-ated dUTP nick end labeling (TNUEL) method and the expression of cell apoptosis factor Fas by immunohistochemistry staining.Functional recovery of hind limbs was measured by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor open field behavioral rating test.ResultsThe expression of TGF-β1and Fas increased following spinal cord injury.The amount of TGF-β1and Fas reached the peak 7days and 1day after injury.The apoptosis of neuron had increased and peaked 8 hours after injury.The apoptosis of neuroglia cells had increased and peaked 7 dayss after injury.The slight changes was found in spinal cord in group C.Both of the number of apoptosis of nerve cells and expression of the apoptosis factor (Fas) decreased significantly; compare with group B and D.The BBB score was higher in group C than that in group B and D.ConclusionTGF-β1 can improve the functional recovery of spinal cord by inhibiting the nerve cell apoptosis after the spinal cord injury.

To optimize the process of hydrogenation reduction in the synthesis of apremilast (APST), 3-nitrophthalic anhydride (4) and (S)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl) ethanamine-(S)-2-acetamido-4-methylpentanoate (7) were used as starting materials to synthesize (S)-2-(1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl)-4-nitroisoindoline-1,3-dione (8) by amination.Then compound 8 was reduced to (S)-4-amino-2-(1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl) ethyl) isoindoline-1,3-dione (9) with ammonium formate as hydrogen source and palladium hydroxide as catalyst.Finally, apremilast was obtained by the acetylation reaction with acetic anhydride.The structure of the products were verified by optical rotation, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analysis.And the total yield of three steps was increased to 67.0%.The improved reduction process can avoid the special reaction of hydrogenation and pressurization, and reduce the safety risk and production costs with high commercial value.

Emaciation is a common physical condition in clinical practice,often accompanied by symptoms related to"excessive fire in thin people".Insufficient yin-qi is the main physiological and pathological basis of emaciation,and excessive dryness-heat is the secondary manifestation.The disease involves five viscera,with the spleen as the core.The principle of treatment is to nourish yin-qi as the main method,and to dissipate stagnant heat as the auxiliary method.Specifically,it includes two aspects:treating the root cause and treating the symptoms.Treating the root cause should nourish yin-qi to improve the"emaciation"constitution,and treating the symptoms should dissipate stagnant heat to eliminate the"excessive fire"state.The importance of the two should be determined ac-cording to the severity and urgency of the excessive fire.Clinically,the addition and subtraction of medicinal ingredients are made ac-cording to factors such as the urgency of the root cause and symptoms,the state of emaciation and the ability to eat,the degree of defi-ciency or excess of fire-heat,the pathogenesis of the disease,and the season.