With the changes in the social structure of China, medical aid to the poor has become a hot issue in our society. The authors analyze the current state of medical aid to the poor in China, disenss the difficulties in providing medical aid to the poor at present, and put forward the idea of providing medical aid to the poor through specifying aid funds, conducting fundraising in every way, establishing foundations, adopting a variety of aid patterns, obtaining the active cooperation of local hospitals, and coordinating aid organizations.

Objective To explore the promoting effects of bio-polymer composite film as a micro-skin auto-graft covering on wound healing. Methods The full thickness skin defect models were made on both sides of 30 experimental rabbits. Then, the rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the for-mer group, the side was covered with chitosan/glucomannan composite membrane and in the latter, the side cov-ered with acelluar porcine skin after micro-skin autograft. We obtained wound tissues at week 1 , 2, 3, 4 and 5 af-ter operation. The conditions of wound healing were observed, the rate of wound healing was calculated, HE stain-ing was made, and PCNA and CD31 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results (1) During 2~4 weeks af-ter operation, the rate of wound healing in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control wound (P<0.01). (2) The amount of neutrophil in experimental group was less than that of the control after oper-ation. (3) During 1 ~ 2 weeks after operation, the expression of PCNA in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01), but lower than the control wounds during 1 ~ 2 weeks after operation (P <0.01). (4) During 1 ~ 5 weeks after operation, the expression of CD31 in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Chitosan/glucan-mannan composite membrane as a micro-skin autograft covering may promote wound healing.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of enhancing therapeutic effects on goats' liver in vivo treated by high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)combined with microbubble contrast agent SonoVue.Methods Fifteen Nanjiang goats were adopted,own control was adopted in this study.One group received purely HIFU therapy(control group),another one was radiated with HIFU combined with SonoVue contrast agent(SonoVue group).The HIFU irradiating mode was dotted with 30 mm focal length and 150 W,250 W,350 W acoustic power respectively,and the exposure time was 15 s.Animals were sacrificed and dissected 24h later,and the sizes of necrotic region were measured.Specimens were collected for histological inspection.Results Under the same parameter of exposure,the maximum length,width,depth,and the mean volume of the tissue coagulated by HIFU in the SonoVue group were all significantly greater than those in control group(P＜0.05),the change of volume coagulated tissue was much more significant with the increase of the acoustic power.The energy effciency factor (EEF)of SonoVue group was significantly smaller than that of control group(P＜0.05).The demarcation line between the necrosis and normal region was clear and the necrosis was complete,no living cell.The boundary exist amount of bubbles.Conclusions The therapy of HIFU combined with microbubble eontrast agent can substantially enhance the biological effects of the treatment and improve the efficiency of HIFU therapy on goats liver.

Natural polymeric materials and their derivatives are organic macromolecular compounds which exist in plants, animals, and micro-organisms. They have been widely used in the preparation of scaffolds for skin tissue engineering recently because of their good histocompatibility and degradability, and low immunogenicity. With the improvement of the preparation technics, composite materials are more commonly used to make scaffolds for dermal tissue engineering. This article summarizes the classification and research status of the commonly used natural polymer materials, their derivatives, and composite scaffold materials, as well as makes a prospect of the research trends of dermal scaffold in the future.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Humans ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Skin ; growth & development ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

Objective To carry out quality assessment and content analysis on guidelines on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction monitoring in hemodialysis patients so as to provide a reference for building the localized clinical practice plan. MethodsDocuments were retrieved in guideline websites, professional society websites and electronic databases at home and abroad by computer. Quality assessment was carried out with the appraisal of guidelines for research and AGREEⅡ and JBI quality assessment tool on consensuses, and the recommendations of included guidelines were summarized. ResultsTotals of 4 evidence-based guidelines and one consensus were included with three of them in the level A and one in the level B of overall quality evaluation. A total of 12 items in 7 aspects were extracted including policy-making, team building, monitoring technology, training of personnel, continuous quality improvement, risk assessment and health education. Intraclass correlation coefficients of 4 evidence-based guidelines ranged from 0.866 to 0.935. Conclusions The guidelines have high levels of overall quality, but applicability needs to be improved. The recommendations are in general accord with each other, which can provide a basis for building the localized clinical practice plan.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on tumor metastasis in mouse model bearing melanoma xenograft.

METHODSMice bearing murine melanoma B16-F10 cell xenograft were randomized for sham-HIFU or HIFU exposure when the tumors grew to a maximum diameter of 7-10 mm, and the tumor size was measured every 3 days. The cumulative survival rate of the mice and tumor metastasis rate were calculated, and the circulating melanoma cells were detected using qRT-PCR. At 14 days after HIFU treatment, B16-F10 cells were retransplanted via the tail vein and the pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted.

RESULTSThe median survival time of the mice was 19.00 days (95% CI 17.14-20.86 days) in the sham group and 26.00 days (95%CI 24.76-27.25 days) in HIFU group. The cumulative survival rate in the HIFU group was significantly higher than that in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01), and the tumor size was significantly smaller in HIFU group at 20, 23, and 26 days after HIFU treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-HIFU group, HIFU group had significantly lower levels of MAGE-A3, MART1 and PAX3 at 7 days after HIFU (P<0.05) with still lower MAGE-A3 level at 14 days (P<0.05). HIFU group showed a significantly smaller number of pulmonary metastatic nodules following tumor cell retransplantation than in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01) with a metastasis inhibition rate of 42.4%.

CONCLUSIONHIFU treatment can inhibit tumor metastasis in melanoma-bearing mice possibly by reducing tumor cell detachment from the primary tumor site and suppressing colonization of the circulating melanoma cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on tumor metastasis in mouse model bearing melanoma xenograft. Methods Mice bearing murine melanoma B16-F10 cell xenograft were randomized for sham-HIFU or HIFU exposure when the tumors grew to a maximum diameter of 7-10 mm, and the tumor size was measured every 3 days. The cumulative survival rate of the mice and tumor metastasis rate were calculated, and the circulating melanoma cells were detected using qRT-PCR. At 14 days after HIFU treatment, B16-F10 cells were retransplanted via the tail vein and the pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted. Results The median survival time of the mice was 19.00 days (95 % CI 17.14-20.86 days) in the sham group and 26.00 days (95%CI 24.76-27.25 days) in HIFU group. The cumulative survival rate in the HIFU group was significantly higher than that in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01), and the tumor size was significantly smaller in HIFU group at 20, 23, and 26 days after HIFU treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-HIFU group, HIFU group had significantly lower levels of MAGE-A3, MART1 and PAX3 at 7 days after HIFU (P<0.05) with still lower MAGE-A3 level at 14 days (P<0.05). HIFU group showed a significantly smaller number of pulmonary metastatic nodules following tumor cell retransplantation than in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01) with a metastasis inhibition rate of 42.4%. Conclusion HIFU treatment can inhibit tumor metastasis in melanoma-bearing mice possibly by reducing tumor cell detachment from the primary tumor site and suppressing colonization of the circulating melanoma cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on tumor metastasis in mouse model bearing melanoma xenograft. Methods Mice bearing murine melanoma B16-F10 cell xenograft were randomized for sham-HIFU or HIFU exposure when the tumors grew to a maximum diameter of 7-10 mm, and the tumor size was measured every 3 days. The cumulative survival rate of the mice and tumor metastasis rate were calculated, and the circulating melanoma cells were detected using qRT-PCR. At 14 days after HIFU treatment, B16-F10 cells were retransplanted via the tail vein and the pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted. Results The median survival time of the mice was 19.00 days (95 % CI 17.14-20.86 days) in the sham group and 26.00 days (95%CI 24.76-27.25 days) in HIFU group. The cumulative survival rate in the HIFU group was significantly higher than that in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01), and the tumor size was significantly smaller in HIFU group at 20, 23, and 26 days after HIFU treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-HIFU group, HIFU group had significantly lower levels of MAGE-A3, MART1 and PAX3 at 7 days after HIFU (P<0.05) with still lower MAGE-A3 level at 14 days (P<0.05). HIFU group showed a significantly smaller number of pulmonary metastatic nodules following tumor cell retransplantation than in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01) with a metastasis inhibition rate of 42.4%. Conclusion HIFU treatment can inhibit tumor metastasis in melanoma-bearing mice possibly by reducing tumor cell detachment from the primary tumor site and suppressing colonization of the circulating melanoma cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between physical activity (PA), sedentary level and exercise self-efficacy for adolescents with visual impairment, and impacts of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), degree of visual impairment and exercise self-efficacy on PA. MethodsFrom October to December, 2022, 79 students aged 13 to 18 years with visual impairment from Nanjing School for the Blind were measured PA and sedentary level with accelerometer. The average percentage of daily sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were recorded. The students fininshed the Exercise Self-Efficacy Questionnaire with the help of teachers, and their height and body mass was measured. ResultsThe average percentage of daily LPA, MVPA and ST was (15.45±5.99)%, (4.55±2.15)% and (80.00±6.99)%, respectively. Compared with the girls, the boys spent more time in LPA (F = 5.330, P < 0.05) and less in ST (F = 5.760, P < 0.05). Compared with students aged 16 to 18 years, those aged 13 to 15 years spent more time in MVPA (F = 11.292, P < 0.001) and less in ST (F = 8.279, P < 0.01). The score of exercise self-efficacy correlated with ST, LPA, MVPA and age (|r| > 0.254, P < 0.05). The result of multiple linear regression showed that the exercise self-efficacy (β = 0.224) and age (β = -0.495) were the independently factors related with MVPA, which explained 34.7% of MVPA variation. ConclusionAdolescents with visual impairment aged 13 to 18 years spend more time in sedentary, and their PA level is very low. Improvement of exercise self-efficacy may help to improve PA level of them.

Objective To investigate effect of the integrated care model based on patients′demand in in-charge patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD) .Methods Established CKD integrated care team , and a questionnaire survey about knowledge and disease management was conducted in hospitalized CKD patients from January to May, 2013, and established the CKD care referral model in hospital .Results A total of 150 cases of hospitalized patients with CKD received a questionnaire .The scores of patients′awareness of CKD was (4.41 ± 1.11), and the knowledge about kidney disease was (3.21 ±0.84), and the degree of concern for knowledge of disease was (2.75 ±1.30), and disease self-care technology mastery was (1.39 ±0.83).88.67% and 60.00%patients considered disease knowledge received from healthcare professionals , but there were still a large number of patients received knowledge from the media , friends, etc.105 patients (70.00%) hoped to get nursing care of outpatient follow up and education .The integrated care referral pattern in hospital was initially established after team discussion which could provide targeted patients pre-referral care and education , coordinated with one by one referral patterns with one transfer form , post-referral care and education .There were 81 nurses joined the post-referral care and gave their suggestions .Conclusions CKD patients need long-term, continuous, complete and individualized health care and education .Establishment of integrated CKD care referral patterns may be an appropriate way to solve this issue .