1?g/ml)could inhibit osteoblasts to grow and proliferate, and showed cytotoxic activity. Conclusion aFGF possesses the effect of triggering osteoblasts to grow and proliferate, and its effective concentration is 10-100 ng/ml.

Objective To explore the influencing factors for the smoking cessation attempts in male current smokers.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in nine villages selected from three counties (Pingyin,Junan and Liangshan) of Shandong province in August,2010 through household questionnaire survey in villagers aged ≥ 15 years to collect the information about current smokers demographic characteristics and smoking-related behaviors.A hurdle count data model was used to assess factors associated with the times of past smoking cessation attempts.Results Among 1 798 male current smokers,29.53％ had at least one smoking cessation attempt.Smokers who were married (3=0.705,P=0.002),had high educational level (β=0.214,P=0.026) and had higher level of awareness of smoking risks (β=0.237,P=0.009) were more likely to have smoking cessation attempt.Young age at smoking initiation (3 =-0.167,P=0.035) and higher level of awareness of smoking risks (β =0.146,P=0.020) were associated with increased smoking cessation attempts.Conclusions Less male current smokers had smoking cessation attemps in rural area in Shandong.The factors influencing smoking cessation attempt varied.It is necessary to conduct targeted intervention according to the smokers' smoking cessation experience.

Objective To study the intention on quitting smoking and related factors,so as to provide evidence on related important determinants.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 villages in Shandong,China.A total of 1 287 male daily smokers were interviewed,face-to-face.Multiple logistic regression method was used to assess the factors associated with quitting intention among male daily smokers.Dominance analysis was used to assess the relative contribution of determinants on quitting intention which were identified in the multiple logistic regression model.Results Among 1 287 male daily smokers,24.7％ expressed quitting intention within the next 6 months.Four determinants for quitting intention were identified in the multiple logistic regression model,including previous experience of quitting attempt (OR=1.691,95％ CI:1.458-1.962),lower level of smoking intensity (OR=0.751,95％CI:0.639-0.884),extensive knowledge on specific health effects of smoking (OR=1.038,95％CI:1.001-1.077) and presence of chronic disease (OR=1.765,95％CI:1.013-3.075).Results from the dominance analysis showed that ‘previous quitting attempt experience’ was the most important determinant regarding quitting intention,followed by low smoking intensity,knowledge of the specific health effects of smoking,and the presence of chronic disease.Conclusion The rate of quitting intention on cigarette smoking among rural male smokers remained low.Quitting intention was associated with previous quit attempt experience.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic methods of bac-terial colonization and infection of Acinetobacter baumannii on the wound of earthquake induced patients. Methods A retrospective study was done on 42 Wenehuan earthquake induced patients with positive wound germiculture of Acinetobacter baumannii. There were 24 males and 18 females, at mean age of 37 years (12-96 years). Open injury was located at the upper arm in one patient, at the forearm in four, at the thigh in 12, at the calf in 23 and at the trunk in two. The time between injury and treatment varied from 3 to 7 days. The clinical characteristics including the bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test were studied to compare drug resistance to 15 antibiotics. Results Bacterial colonization of Acineto-bacter baumannii was found in 31 patients (8.2%) and infection of Acinetobacter baumannii in 11 (2.9%). After debridement, pruphylactic antibiotics and nutrition support, 15 patients with bacterial colonization were managed with Ⅱ stage suture or skin grafting. The other 16 patients were transferred to hospitals of other provinces after germiculture turned negative. Through debridement and drainage, antibi-otic therapy and nutrition support, the infection was controlled and the wound eliminated in six patients through Ⅱ stage suture but four were concomitant with pulmonary infection and one with septicemia. Drug sensitivity test showed that sensitive rate to imipenem, amikacin, levofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, tobramycin were 59.5%, 21.4%, 21.4%, 19.5% and 19.0% respectively. Conclusions The risk factors of infection of Acinetobacter baumannii include severe tissue trauma, severe wound contamination, delayed treatment and weak body resistance. During treatment, the bacterial colonization and infection of Acinetobacter baumannii should be distinguished and treated respectively. Correct wound treatment, suit-able antibiotic therapy and increased body resistance are key to improvement of clinical curative effect.

Objective:To observe the short-term efficacy of 3D-printed custom-made hemipelvic prosthesis in the treatment of primary malignant bone tumors of the pubis.Methods:From June 2017 to May 2019, a total of 5 patients with pubic primary malignant tumor received type Ⅲ hemipelvectomy and reconstruction with a 3D-printed custom-made hemipelvic prosthesis at Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital. They were 3 males and 2 females with an average age of 36.3 years (range, from 26 to 46 years). Of them, 3 underwent resection of the upper pubic ramus and 2 resection of both pubic rami. All their tumors were chondrosarcomas, with one case of Enneking stage Ⅱa and 4 cases of Enneking stage Ⅱb. Preoperative CT/MRI image fusion was used to determine the tumor-free resection margin, design guide templates for osteotomy and prosthesis, and simulate surgical procedures. A total of 5 3D-printed custom-made hemipelvic prostheses were designed, including 3 ones with an intramedullary stem to preserve partial pubis and 2 ones with a non-intramedullary stem not to preserve the pubis. The functional recovery was assessed by Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores. The prosthetic position and osseointegration were evaluated by imaging examination. Oncological outcomes and complications were recorded.Results:R0 resection and precise reconstruction were accomplished in all patients. Their intraoperative blood loss ranged from 300 to 3, 700 mL (mean, 1, 680 mL), operation time from 180 to 430 min (mean, 294 min), and follow-up time from 13 to 29 months (mean, 20.6 months). All the 5 patients were alive with no evidence of disease or tumor recurrence. The functional MSTS scores at the final follow-up ranged from 29 to 31 (mean, 29.8). One male patient complained of erectile dysfunction. Fretting wear around the prosthetic stem was found in 3 patients while bone wear on the normal pubic side in 2. Osseointegration was observed in all patients with no complications like deep infection, prosthesis dislocation, prosthetic or screw breakage.Conclusion:Since 3D-printed custom-made hemipelvic prostheses can result in fine short-term efficacy for pubic primary malignant bone tumors, they may be a reliable method to reconstruct pelvic malignant tumors.

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of two analgesia methods in silver needle therapy among patients with myofascitis.Methods Totally 181 eligible patients with myofascitis were collected from January 2015 to March 2016 and were divided into observation group and control group by random number table. Patients in the control group (n=90) were given partial external lidocaine ointment and diclofenac sodium lidocaine hydrochloride intramuscular injection an hour before the treatment. Patients in the observation group (n=91) first received partial external lidocaine ointment an hour before the treatment,then received flurbiprofen axetil intravenous infusion and intravenous drip 15 minutes before the treatment. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was applied to evaluate the pain that before treatment,at the moment of acupuncture,during the treatment,at the moment of pulling out the needles,and a day after the treatment. Moreover,the clinical effect of two groups was also evaluated after a course of treatment.Results The VAS scores at the moment of acupuncture and during the treatment of the observation group were (7.71±0.80) and (6.71±1.17),while the data in the control group were (4.14±1.06) and (3.58±0.84) (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the VAS scores before treatment,after pulling out the needles,and a day after treatment,and the clinical effect between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions Flurbiprofen axetil injection can effectively reduce the pain in silver needle therapy among patients with myofascitis and can also improve patients′ compliance.

Objective To explain the concept and surgical technique of 3D printing uncement radius distal prosthesis,evaluate and discuss the medium-term outcome of the prosthesis for giant cell tumor in distal radius.Methods From September 2015 to March 2017,13 patients diagnosed as giant cell tumor in distal radius were performed with en bloc resection combined with 3D print uncement prosthesis.All patients graded Campanacci Ⅲ or occurred local recurrence.Two patients with local recurrence had a local lesion curettage,inactivation and bone cement filling.There were 7 males and 6 females,with an average age of 37.8 years.Through the preoperative three-dimensional CT data,the 3D model of the distal radius was obtained based on the contralateral radius and the 3D printing uncemented distal radius prosthesis was made.Directly reconstrucion was conducted if the wrist joint ligament and joint capsule can be preserved.The surrounding soft tissue,remaining joint ligament and joint capsule were sutured to the prosthesis together combined with a brace if the wrist joint ligament and joint capsule can be only preserved partially.Radiocarpal joint was temporarily fixed by Kuntscher pin if the wrist joint ligament and joint capsule can't be preserved completely.Results In our series,the average resection length of the distal radius measured from the radial styloid process was 65.54±6.70mm.The length of prosthesis was consistent with the resection length and the length ratio of prosthesis to prosthetic stem is 1:1.The follow-up time was 17.77±4.97 months.There were no local recurrence and metastasis.At the end of the followup,except waist flexion,the wrist extension,wrist pronation,wrist supination,hand grip strength and Mayo wrist were significantly improved from 41.69°± 11.35°,41.92°± 11.09°,40.00°±7.64°,16.84±6.28 mmHg,47.69±9.27 points preoperatively to 57.46°±17.18°,55.00°±17.91°,53.46°±19.30°,23.08±6.29 mmHg,70.00±11.55 points,respectively.The DASH score was significantly decreased from 32.07±6.71 points to 19.15±8.41 points postoperatively.During surgery,there was one patient received temporary wrist fixation with kirschner's needle,which got a relatively poor postoperative function.Excluding this patient,comparing the resuits of 8 cases with directly suturing of wrist joint ligament and joint capsule and that of 4 cases with reconstructing by suturing and fixing with a brace,there were no statistical differences.There were no wrist dislocation or subluxation,aseptic prosthesis loosening,wrist joint degenerative changes or other prosthesis related complications.Conclusion 33D printing uncemented distal radius prosthesis is a good choice for the Campanacci grade Ⅲ or recurrent giant cell tumor in distal radius,because of its personalized design and uncemented fixation;in clinical application,we should pay attention to the evaluation of preoperative wrist joint capsule and surrounding ligament and the intraoperative soft tissue repair techniques.

Objective:To explore the short-term outcomes of reconstruction of tumorous critical bone defects at femoral shaft with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure.Methods:From September 2016 to June 2018, 8 patients underwent reconstruction of critical bone defects with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure after resection of femoral shaft malignant tumor at Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital. There were 4 males and 4 females, with an average age of 36.9 years (from 11 to 61 years). Their preoperative Enneking staging was stage Ⅱb in all. There were 3 osteosarcomas, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 2 chondrosarcomas and one periosteal osteosarcoma. Preoperative CT/MRI image fusion technology was used to define the surgical boundary, design the guide plate and prosthesis, and perform surgical simulation. Tomosynthesis-shimadzu Metal Artefact Reduction technology was used to evaluate osseointegration. Complications and bone oncology prognosis of the patients were documented. The lower limb function of the patients was evaluated using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) 1993 scoring and knee range of motion.Results:The overall follow-up time ranged from 36 to 50 months, averaging 42.8 months. During operation one patient sustained a periprosthesis fracture, the union of which was followed up after wire assisted fixation. There was no local tumor recurrence, lung metastasis or death. The last follow-up revealed good osseointegration and basically isometric lower extremities in all cases. There was no such a complication as aseptic loosening of the prosthesis, deep infection or prosthesis fracture during the follow-up period. At the last follow-up in the 8 patients, the flexion range of the knee joint was 116.2°±9.1°, significantly improved compared with that before operation (98.8°±10.9°), and the MSTS score was (26.2±2.1) points, also significantly improved compared with that before operation [(21.6±1.8) points] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Reconstruction with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure is an accurate operation for femoral shaft tumorous bone defects. With careful preoperative design, intraoperative manipulation and strict postoperative follow-up management, this operation can lead to fine early curative outcomes for long shaft critical bone defects.

Objective: To analyze the effect and mechanism of low intensity ultrasound on bone marrow suppression induced by docetaxel in rat models. Methods: Forty female rats were randomly divided into ultrasound group and control group (each n=20). Daily intraperitoneal injection of docetaxel (25 mg/kg) was given all rats for consecutive 4 days. Rats in ultrasound group were daily irradiated with low intensity ultrasound for consecutive 7 days after the first injection of docetaxel, while rats in control group received false irradiation at the same time. Routine blood examination and immunoglobulin tests were performed before docetaxel injection on the 4th, 7th and 14th day of irradiation. On the 4th day of irradiation, 4 rats in each group were randomly selected and killed for detection of stem cell factor (SCF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Histological methods were used to detect the number of nucleated cells in the right femoral bone marrow tissue of rats before injection of docetaxel on the 4th, 7th and 14th day after the first time of irradiation. HE staining and pathological examinations of skin and muscle tissues of rats were performed on the 7th day after the first time of irradiation. Results: In ultrasound group, leukocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood on the 4th day after the first time of irradiatio, titer of immunoglobulin A (IgA) on the 7th and 14th day after the first time of irradiation, titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) on the 4th and 14th day after the first time of irradiation increased obviously compared with those of control group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression levels of SCF and ICAM-1 in bone marrow of rats in ultrasound group were significantly higher than those in control group, while the relative mRNA expression level of VCAM-1 in bone marrow of rats in ultrasound group was significantly lower than that in control group (all P<0.05). On the 4th and 7th day after the first time of irradiation, the numbers of bone marrow nucleated cells in ultrasound group were significantly higher than those in control group (both P<0.05). There was no obvious damage to the skin and muscle of the irradiated rats in both the two groups. Conclusion: Low intensity ultrasound is feasible in treatment of bone marrow suppression induced by docetaxel in rats, and its mechanism may be improvement of bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM) and the impact of occupation-related factors on PDM, among workers from a steel company in Tangshan city, Hebei province.Methods:Clustering sampling method was used to select a steel company and to carry out occupational health-related physical checkup programs for eligible workers who had working in this company for longer than one year. The study began in February and ended up in June, 2017. Workers who were with FPG level as ≤6.9 mmol/L, and free from diabetes, were selected as the subjects for this study. Questionnaires were used and physical examinations and FPG testing conducted.Results:The total number of subjects in this study was 4 173, of which 2 648 appeared as pre-diabetic, with the prevalence rate as 63.4 %. Increase of the PDM prevalence was in parallel with the length of service, among the workers. The risk for the pre-diabetes in those who worked more than 8 hours per day was 1.696 times higher than those who worked less than or equal to 8 h/d (95 %CI:1.517-1.937). Compared with those workers without exposures to heat, noise or carbon monoxides, the proportion of pre-diabetes appeared higher in workers exposed to heat, noise or CO with OR=1.782 (95 %CI: 1.205-2.636), 1.815 (95 %CI: 1.209-2.794) and 1.653 (95 %CI: 1.158-2.361), respectively. Risks for those who were exposed to heat or noise were higher than those who were free from exposure to any occupational hazards ( OR=2.098, 95 %CI: 1.296-3.397). Prevalence rates of pre-diabetes in those who were exposed to heat, noise or CO, were higher than that those who were not. Conclusion:Working hours and exposures to heat, noise or CO appeared as influential factors on PDM.