Objective To evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods Seven hundred and twenty eight patients who underwent coronary angiography were selected from Qilu Hospital from October 2008 to December 2009. The clinical data about cardiovascular risk factors including age, gender, hypertension, smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high uric acid level, low total bilirubin level, and coronary angiography results were collected. The severity and extent of coronary stenosis was evaluated by ACC/AHA coronary scoring system and CHD was diagnosed by angiography. Analyses were achieved by multiple regression analysis. Results Multiple regression analysis showed that age, gender, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C were prominent predictors of severity and extent of coronary heart disease. DM was the primary controllable risk factor of CHD (OR=3. 1179, P=0. 005). Conclusions The age, gender,hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C are correlated with angiographic severity and extent of CHD. Consequently, controlling these five risk factors is important in the intervention and prevention of CHD.

Objective To assess the outcomes of the surgical treatment of supination external rotation trimalleolar fractures,comparing the techniques of lateral plating and antiglide plating as described previously.Methods This is a retrospective review.A total of 31 patients meeting our inclusion criteria,with supination external rotation trimalleolar fractures surgically treated between 2009 and 2011,were studied.17 patients were treated with antiglide plating,whereas the remaining 14 patients underwent traditional lateral plating.They were followed up by a period ranging from 14 to 38 months(average,26 months).The functional results were evaluated with olerud and molander scoring system described previously.All the data including time to surgery,operating room time,tourniquet time,hospital stay and ankle joint function scores,were respectively analyzed in accordance with the complete randomized design t-test.Results There was no statistically significant in time to surgery,operating room,tourniquet time,hospital stay and ankle joint functional scores.Conclusions The outcome of the surgical management of supination external rotation trimalleolar fracture is comparable with both techniques.Our data do not support one technique over the other.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM) and the impact of occupation-related factors on PDM, among workers from a steel company in Tangshan city, Hebei province.Methods:Clustering sampling method was used to select a steel company and to carry out occupational health-related physical checkup programs for eligible workers who had working in this company for longer than one year. The study began in February and ended up in June, 2017. Workers who were with FPG level as ≤6.9 mmol/L, and free from diabetes, were selected as the subjects for this study. Questionnaires were used and physical examinations and FPG testing conducted.Results:The total number of subjects in this study was 4 173, of which 2 648 appeared as pre-diabetic, with the prevalence rate as 63.4 %. Increase of the PDM prevalence was in parallel with the length of service, among the workers. The risk for the pre-diabetes in those who worked more than 8 hours per day was 1.696 times higher than those who worked less than or equal to 8 h/d (95 %CI:1.517-1.937). Compared with those workers without exposures to heat, noise or carbon monoxides, the proportion of pre-diabetes appeared higher in workers exposed to heat, noise or CO with OR=1.782 (95 %CI: 1.205-2.636), 1.815 (95 %CI: 1.209-2.794) and 1.653 (95 %CI: 1.158-2.361), respectively. Risks for those who were exposed to heat or noise were higher than those who were free from exposure to any occupational hazards ( OR=2.098, 95 %CI: 1.296-3.397). Prevalence rates of pre-diabetes in those who were exposed to heat, noise or CO, were higher than that those who were not. Conclusion:Working hours and exposures to heat, noise or CO appeared as influential factors on PDM.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of occupational stress on abnormity of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in male steel workers. METHODS: A total of 3 957 male steel workers from an iron and steel group company were selected as study objects by judgment sampling method. Occupational stress was measured by the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire. The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured using fasting venous blood. RESULTS: Among the 3 957 workers,the detection rate of occupational stress was 56. 8%,and 55. 0% of them showed high social support. The abnormal rates of total cholesterol and triglyceride were 21. 8% and 40. 9%,respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that workers with high social support had high risk of abnormal total cholesterol and abnormal triglyceride than workers with low social support( P < 0. 05) after adjusting for confounding factors such as age,education level,marital status,body mass index,smoking and drinking alcohol,tea. The odds ratio of abnormal total cholesterol in occupational stress workers was 1. 17 times of that of non-occupational stress workers. No association was found between occupational stress and abnormal triglyceride( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Occupational stress may be associated with abnormity of total cholesterol in male steel workers. Social support is an important influences factor to the abnormity of total cholesterol and triglyceride in male steel workers.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of cumulative noise exposure(CNE) on the intima-media thickness(IMT) of carotid artery in steel workers. METHODS: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 437 noise exposed workers in a steel company as study subjects. The CNE was calculated according to the noise intensity of the workplace, and the occupational health check was carried out to construct the structural equation model of noise to IMT. RESULTS: The detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis(CAS) in these 1 437 subjects was 38.3%. The CAS detection rates of steel workers increased with the increasing CNE(P<0.01). The structural equation model had good fitting effect. Path analysis showed CNE can indirectly affect IMT through blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, homocysteine, high-density lipoprotein & apolipoprotein A, low-density lipoprotein & apolipoprotein B. The total effects were-0.375, 0.337, 0.248, 0.117, 0.056, 0.056 and 0.018 respectively. CONCLUSION: CNE can indirectly increase the IMT of steel workers by acting on the proximal cause.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of occupational high temperature exposure on type 2 diabetes( T2 DM) in male steel workers. METHODS: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 684 male steel workers,who exposed to occupational high temperature in a steel enterprise in Tangshan City,as the high temperature group,and 1 153 male steel workers without occupational high temperature exposure as the control group. The high temperature level of workers in these two groups was measured. The cumulative exposure( CE) of high temperature was calculated,and occupational health exam was performed. The multivariate logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the relationship between high temperature CE and T2 DM. RESULTS: The prevalence of T2 DM in high-temperature group was higher than that in the control group( 13. 0% vs 7. 9%,P < 0. 05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the risk of T2 DM in the high temperature group was higher than that in the control group after adjusting for age,body mass index,smoking,drinking,physical exercise and parents with diabetes( P < 0. 05). The 95% confidence interval was 1. 65( 1. 17-2. 33). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the high temperature CE was correlated with the prevalence of T2 DM in workers( P < 0. 01) and showed a linear correlation( nonlinearity test,P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Occupational high temperature exposure is associated with the occurrence of T2 DM in male steel workers. The male steel workers with high temperature CE show high prevalence of T2 DM risk.