Objective To explore the risk factors, di ag nosis and treatment of renal pelvis and ureter cancer after surgery of bladder c ancer. Methods The clinical data of 13 patients (9 males and 4 females) with renal pelvis and ureter cancer after surgical operation of bladder cancer were retrospectively analyzed.Among them renal pelvis cancer was diagnosed in 9 cases;ureter cancer in 4.Clinical manifestations consisted of gro ss hematuria with flank pain in 11 cases,suspected renal pelvis cancer by ultras ound (US) in 2. Results Among the 13 patients,US,intrave nous urography (IVU) and CT located the focus exactly in 10,8 and all the 13 cas es,respectively.Upper urinary obstruction was diagnosed by US and IVU in 13 and 8 cases,respectively.No image was developed by IVU in 5 cases.CT located the foc us exactly in all the 13 cases;of them 11 cases were definitely diagnosed.Overal l,13 cases were cured and alive during the follow-up period. No recurrence or m etastasis developed.Renal dysfunction occurred in only 1 case (Cr,285 ?mol/L) d ue to the contralateral renal stones. Conclusions Multif ocal bladder cancer and cancerogenic tendency of urothelium may be the risk fact ors of this disease.IVU combined with US is the main diagnostic method for the d isease.CT is recommended for the further examination.Nephroureterectomy is the p referred treatment choice for this disease.

Fructus Bruceae, the dry and ripe fruits of Brucea ja-vanica( L. ) Merr. ( Simaroubaceae) , has been used for dysenter-y, tumor, malaria and furunculosis treatment, and topical appli-cation for warts and corns. Quassinoids are the main chemical constituents of Fructus Bruceae, which have been proved to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, anti-viral, anti-bac-terial and hypoglycemic activities, and so on. In view of the ex-tensive pharmacological activities of Fructus Bruceae, and better development and utilization of its medicinal value, the advances of quassinoids in Fructus Bruceae and their pharmacological ac-tivities are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To observe the anaphylactoid reactions of Shuanghuanglian injection, determine the serum histamine level of sensitized animal, and to investigate its correlation with anaphylactoid reactions.Methods The guinea pigs were randomly selected to observe the anaphylactoid reactions using Shuanghuanglian injections in the different injection speed or different doses, and the serum histamine and the serum IgE of sensitized animals were determined by ELISA. Results The anaphylactoid reactions were induced by Shuanghuanglian injections in the different conditions of injection speed and doses in guinea pigs. There were no obvious difference about the serum IgE level between Shuanghuanglian group and saline group were injected in injection speed and doses. The serum histamine level was significantly increased in Shuanghuanglian group both different conditions of injection speed and doses, and it related to doses and speed. Conclusion Shuanghuanglian injection can cause anaphylactoid reactions in guinea pigs, and the changes of serum histamine level are related to injection speed and doses of Shuanghuanglian injection.

This study was aimed to investigate allergic reactions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections, and to determine contents of serum IgE in sensitized animals. The correlation between preceding contents in serum and allergic reactions may be found, in order to offer experimental evidences for advancing the accuracy of anticipa-tion by allergic reactions. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests and anaphylactoid reactions were used in a vari-ety of TCM injections. ELISA method was used to determine the content of total serum IgE in sensitized animals. The PCA results of SHL, QKL, YXC, XST, GGS and CHN were negative. The PCA result of CWJ was positive. There was no significant difference for total serum IgE level between the experimental group and the normal saline group in the group of SHL, QKL, YXC, XST, GGS, CHN and CWJ. All TCM injections caused anaphylactoid symp-toms in guinea pigs. It was concluded that all TCM injections can cause allergic reactions in guinea pig. And the al-lergic reactions of TCM injections were not correlated with serum total IgE.

OBJECTIVETo investigate allergic reactions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections, and to determine the contents of serum IgE and histamine in sensitized animal. The correlation between the preceding contents in serum and allergic reactions may be found, thus offering experimental evidences for advancing the accuracy of anticipation by type I allergy.

METHODWe carried out passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests,active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) tests and anaphylactoid reactions using three TCM injections, and determined the contents of serum OVA-sIgE, total serum IgE and histamine in sensitized animals by ELISA method.

RESULTThe results of PCA test were negative, and there was no significant difference for total serum IgE level between experimental group and normal saline group. In the study of adjuvant effect in TCM injections + OVA (at the dose level that doesn't cause allergic reactions), the PCA results of SHL and YXC were positive and there was a increase in content of serum OVA-sIgE, while the PCA result of QKL was negative with a unobvious increase in the content of serum OVA-sIgE. The content of total serum IgE wasn't remarkably increased in each group and the results of ASA test were all positive. Three injections all caused anaphylactoid symptoms in guinea pigs in different doses or injection speed and the response intensity was found to be dosage and injection speed dependant. Furthermore, there was no significant difference for the content of total serum IgE in each group, whereas serum histamine concentration in every experimental group was markedly higher than normal saline group.

CONCLUSIONSHL and YXC increase the sensitivity of guinea pigs on OVA, and three TCM injections can cause allergic reactions in guinea pig. Allergic reactions of three TCM injections are correlated with specific IgE antibodies and histamine contents.

Animals ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Histamine ; blood ; Hypersensitivity ; drug therapy ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Injections ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Ovalbumin ; immunology ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen on lipid peroxidation and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma (PPAR-gamma) expression in liver tissues of rats with alcoholic fatty liver.

METHODReferring to literature, it was established animal models of fatty liver feeding with alcohol. Rats were randomized into 6 groups, except the normal group, the other 5 groups of rats had been administered alcohol two times a day for 3 months. Rats were killed at the end of this experiment. It were respectively measured that the contents of ALT, AST, AKP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, MDA, SOD, FFA in the serum and TG, TC, MDA, SOD, HL, LPL, FFA in the liver. The left leaf of liver was observed by histopathological staining, the immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to observe the effects on the expressions of PPAR-gamma mRNA.

RESULTCompared with the model group, total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen could remarkably decrease the content of ALT, AST, TC, TG, MDA and increase the content of SOD in the serum of the experimental fatty liver induced by alcohol; remarkably decrease the content of TC, TG, FFA and increase the content of HL, LPL, SOD in the liver of the experimental fatty liver with induced by alcohol. Total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen group was the similar the model group, but remarkably lighten inflammatory cell intiltration and fibrosis increasing. The RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining results showed that: compared with the normal group,the model group could remarkably decrease the expression of PPAR-gamma mRNA in the liver (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen could remarkably increase the expression of PPAR-gamma mRNA in the liver of the experimental fatty liver (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen has good effects on the treatment of hepatic fat induced by alcohol diet in rats. the possible action mechanism of total anthraquinone in Cassiae Semen possess obvious effect of regulating the disorder of lipid metabolism, ameliorating hepatic function, as well as anti-lipidperoxidation, increasing the expression of PPAR-gamma in hepatic cells of rats.

Animals ; Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Cassia ; chemistry ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction