Small molecule fluorescent probes have gained widespread attention for their advantages of high selectivity, sensitivity, and easy to operate, and have played a critical role in the detection of various species. They have also demonstrated great potential in the field of biomedical research. Iron, as the most abundant transition metal in the human body, plays a vital role in many physiological functions. Due to the influence of the reductive microenvironment of cell, ferrous ion (Fe²⁺) is the main component of labile iron in living cells. Heme, consisting of Fe²⁺ and protoporphyrin IX, is one of the main signaling molecules that wrap biological iron in the human body, and also participates in many physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, the development of small molecule fluorescent probes for detecting Fe²⁺ and heme as effective monitoring tools will help to further understand their pathological and physiological functions, with potential applications in other fields. This review summarizes the research progress of small molecule fluorescent probes for Fe²⁺ and heme detection in recent years, and provides insights into future directions for their development.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical therapeutic effect and safety of treating the vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis with rotational manipulation.Methods180 patients with vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis were treated by rotational manipulation.ResultsBy follow-up, 89 patients were evaluated as excellent, 73 as good and 18 as fair. The total rate of excellent and good results was 81%.ConclusionRotational manipulation is an effective method. The correct diagnosis and indication are keys to take good treatment results and safety.

Objective To study the activated status of insula during the performance of word generation task, and to explore the function of different part of insula with functional MRI (fMRI). Methods Twenty-eight subjects were recruited in this study (male 15, female 13), all of them underwent block-designed fMRI with word generation tasks and resting-state scan. SPM 5 and REST 1.3 were used to process the data. Bilateral anterior insula and posterior insula were selected as seeds to calculate the connectivity coefficiency with other voxels, and differences between the anterior and the posterior insula were compared. Results Bilateral anterior insula was significantly activated, while bilateral posterior insula was significantly deactivated. The functional connectivity areas with left anterior insula included right anterior insula, right posterior insula, supplementary motor area (SMA), left superior temporal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobe, middle cingulate gyrus, right striatum and right inferior frontal gyrus. The functional connectivity areas with left posterior insula included right posterior insula, left anterior insula, right superior temporal gyrus, middle cingulate gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right striatum. The functional connectivity areas with right anterior insula included SMA, left inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobe, left inferior parietal lobe, left superior temporal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right striatum, middle cingulate gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left striatum, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus and left transverse temporal gyrus. The functional connectivity areas with right posterior insula included right precentral gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left anterior insula, left posterior insula, right supramarginal gyrus and middle cingulate gyrus. Conclusion Anterior insula and posterior insula are functionally connected with different areas, and concerned with the language function in different manners. Left lateral anterior insula may play an important role in the language function.

BACKGROUND:Dysphagia is one of common early complications after anterior cervical fusion. Medium and severe dysphagia often causes serious influence on the patients. A variety of factors have been shown to have a correlation with the postoperative dysphagia, but specific mechanism is stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the risk factors for dysphagia after single-level anterior cervical fusion. METHODS:From January 2011 to June 2013, data of 44 patients with dysphagia and 213 patients without dysphagia after single-level anterior cervical fusion were compared. The baseline data (age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking history, drinking history, hypertension, diabetes, course length, and type of cervical spondylosis) and perioperative data (intraoperative blood loss, internal fixation, the location of the operated level, operation time, and the side of operation approach) between two groups were compared by Logistic regression analysis to determine risk factors for postoperative dysphagia.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 257 patients were included with a fol ow-up for 6 to 24 months postoperatively and 44 of them suffered from dysphagia after single-level anterior cervical fusion. The overal prevalence for postoperative dysphagia was 17.1%. Univariate analysis indicated that age, gender, the location of the operated level, and course length were associated with postoperative dysphagia. Logistic regression analysis of multivariate analysis demonstrated that independent predictors for postoperative dysphagia included gender (female), age (>60 years), the location of the operated level (C 4-5 , C 5-6 ), and course length (>12 months). Clinicians should give appropriate recognition and take corresponding measures to avoid it.

Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Scrophularia buergeriana Miq. (Scrophulariaceae), resulted in the isolation of a new iridoid derivative named as buergerinin (1). Its structure was elucidated as rel-(1R, 5R, 6R)-(2-oxa-bicyclo[3.3.0]oct-7-en-6, 7-diyl)dimethoxypropane based mainly on MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses.
Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Scrophularia ; chemistry

Deficiency Diseases ; prevention & control ; Goiter ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Iodine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; deficiency

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Bile Duct Diseases ; pathology ; Bile Ducts ; cytology ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans

Abstract: Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 is a continuous dynamic process, which can be divided into latent stage, initial stage, peak stage and decreasing stage according to the characteristics of viral shedding. After being infected with SARS-CoV-2, the infected person generally stays in the latent period for 1-3 days, which is characterized by continuous negative nucleic acid test results and no infectiousness, and the risk of infection for close contacts is very low. At the initial stage of viral shedding is characterized by a rapid decline in the Ct value of nucleic acid tests in a short time, and clinical symptoms gradually appear. The infectiousness of the infected person gradually increases during this period, and the risk of infection for close contacts also gradually increases, but it is still in the early stage of infection, the possibility of viral shedding is low, and the risk of infection of secondary close contacts is low. The peak of viral shedding is characterized by low Ct value in nucleic acid test and obvious clinical symptoms; during this period, the infected person is the most infectious, and the risk of infection of the contact is the highest, so the scope of close contacts should be expanded appropriately. The decreasing period is characterized by the gradual increase of Ct value of nucleic acid test and the gradual disappearance of clinical symptoms; during this period, the infectiousness of the infected person gradually decreases to disappear. In an outbreak, an infected person in the decreasing phase is more likely to be an early infected person in the transmission chain. If infected individuals in the decreasing phase are found in an area without a SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, it suggests that the local outbreak epidemic has been spreading for some time and may be larger in scale. According to the characteristics of viral shedding, risk personnel can be determined more scientifically and accurately, so as to minimize the risk and reduce the waste of epidemic prevention resources.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of intact canal wall mastoidectomy combined with facial recess opening in the treatment of secretory otitis media of children. Methods The clinical data of 17 children ( 19 ears) with recurrent secretory otitis media yet failed tube insertion more than 3 times, and treated with intact canal wall mastoidectomy combined with facial recess opening, in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of SUN Yat-sen University, were reviewed. And because of the eustachian tube dysfunction, 7 ears simultaneously accepted tube insertion, which were removed after 1 to 3 months. Results Pathological examination of the lesions in middle ear and mastoid of the 19 ears, revealed cholesterol granuloma in 9 ears and inflammatory granulation in 10 ears. All 19 ears recovered with normal tympanic membranes. There were 16 ears with type A tympanogram and 3 ears with type C tympanogram ( negative pressure less than 150 mm H2O). The air-bone gaps were less than 15 dB in 3 months after surgery. There was no recurrence in all cases after 2 - 3 years follow-up. Conclusions In case of recurrent otitis media in children, especially when tube insertion is ineffective, intact canal wall mastoidectomy combined with facial recess opening can be adopted to clear the lesions thoroughly, and to establish long-time and effective ventilation of eustachian tube, tympanic cavity,tympanic antrum, and mastoid.

Five structural important residues of rice nonspecific lipid transfer protein LTP110 were mutated by site-directed mutagenesis. Sequence results showed that they were all mutated successfully. After trying various E. coli expression systems, thioredoxin fusion expression system was found to be a proper system to express wild type and mutant LTP110. cDNA sequences encoding wild type LTP110 and the mutants Y17A, P72L, R46A, D43A, C50A were cloned into two kinds of thioredoxin fusion expression vectors. The expression results were compared. In pTrxFus/GI724 expression system, wild type LTP110 and the mutants Y17A, P72L, R46A could be expressed at low level while D43A and C50A could not be expressed normally; in pET32a(+)/BL21 (DE3) trxB- expression system, wild type LTP110 and all mutant proteins could be expressed very well and the levels were higher than that in pTrxFus/GI724 system. LTP110 fusion protein expressed in pET32a(+) vector was purified and its activity was checked by fluorescence labeled fatty acid. Results indicated that the recombinant LTP110 fusion protein has lipid binding activity. This work provides good basis for the further study.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Vectors ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oryza ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Thioredoxins ; genetics