Objective:To prepare monoclonal antibodies specifically against an immunogenic fragment in ectodomain of prostate-specific membrane antigen ( PSMA ).Methods: An polypeptide immunogenic fragment in the ectodomain of PSMA was predicted by biological information technology,and then it was expressed prokaryotically.BALB/c mice were immunized with the prokar-ytically expressed recombinant polypeptide antigen,to prepare the monoclonal antibodies specifically against an immunogenic fragment in ectodomain of PSMA by hybridoma technology,purification of monoclonal antibody by affinity chromatography,characterization of the monoclonal antibodies by Western blot.The radioimmunoimaging in prostate cancer model was performed by using the labeled McAb.Results:Throught the software analysis,we got the antigen fragment in the ectodomain of PSMA containing 310aa sequences higher specificity, artificially synthesized gene sequence of the region, and constructed a prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a-r-ectodomain-PSMA,by prokaryotic expression we obtained the 50 kD target antigen,after hybridization,the three positive hybridoma cell lines (5E6,4A5 and 4D7) were selected by ELISA using target antigen,the isotypes of 5E6 and 4A5 were IgG2a,the isotypes of 4D7 were IgG1,the titer of three monoclonal antibodies was above 1∶256 000.Western blot results showed that the prepared monoclonal anti-bodies could binding specifically to the antigen in the ectodomain of PSMA.Radioimmunoimaging in prostate cancer animal model results further confirm that the prepared monoclonal antibodies could combinate with the antigen in the ectodomain of PSMA in the animal body, and make the tumor imaging.Conclusion: The prepared monoclonal antibodies can specifically recognizes the PSMA antigen,which laid the foundation for the immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate the differences of 10-week running and badminton exercise on bone mineral density(BMD) and related biochemistry markers in female university student.Methods Sixty healthy female university students were randomly divided into running(R) group,badminton(B) group and control group.Apart from basic physical education class,the R and B group participated in running and badminton exercise respectively(30-40 min per time,3 times per week,10 weeks).Before and after test,the BMD of lumbar vertebra and femurs,the serum level of estradiol(E2) and testosterone(T),the serum level of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP) were all detected.Results After test,there were no significant difference on BMD in all parameters of the three groups(P>0.05).After test,the serum level of E2 and TRACP in R group were significant higher than those in control group(t=-3.351,t=-0.854,P<0.05),the serum level of Ca was significant lower than that in control group(t=-1.852,P<0.05).Comparison between before test and after test,the serum level of E2 and P increased significantly in R group(P<0.05),while the serum level of TRACP decreased significantly(P<0.05),the serum level of P and Ca increased in the three groups(P<0.05),while no differences were seen in the other parameters.Conclusion The effects of running exercise on serum level of E2 and TRACP were higher than badminton exercise.

Objective:To observe the lipid-lowering effect of different transdermal absorption enhancers applied to the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in hyperlipidemia model rabbits, and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods:Forty New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups using the random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. Rabbits in the blank group were fed routinely with normal diet; rabbits in the other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish the hyperlipidemia model. Rabbits in the blank and the model groups were not treated. After the model was prepared, rabbits in the non-transdermal absorption enhancer group received herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion without transdermal absorption enhancer; rabbits in the laurocapram group and the borneol group received herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion with laurocapram or borneol respectively. After 4 weeks of treatment, serum was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the liver tissues were isolated for immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western-blotting (WB) detection. Results: Serum ELISA results showed that leptin was significantly decreased in the model group compared with the blank group (P＜0.05); compared with the model group, leptin was significantly increased in the non-transdermal absorption enhancer, the laurocapram and the borneol groups (all P＜0.05); compared with the non-transdermal absorption enhancer group, leptin was significantly increased in the laurocapram group and the borneol group (both P＜0.05); there was no significant difference in leptin between the laurocapram and the borneol groups (P＞0.05). The qPCR results of rabbit liver tissues showed that the mRNA expressions of leptin, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the model group were significantly lower than those in the blank group (all P＜0.05); compared with the model group, the mRNA expressions of leptin, leptin receptor (LR), JAK2 and STAT3 in the non-transdermal absorption enhancer, the laurocapram and the borneol groups were significantly increased (all P＜0.05); compared with the non-transdermal absorption enhancer group, the mRNA expressions of leptin, LR, JAK2 and STAT3 in the laurocapram and the borneol groups were significantly increased (all P＜0.05); compared with the laurocapram group, the mRNA expressions of leptin, LR, JAK2 and STAT3 in the borneol group were significantly increased (P＜0.05). The trend of immunohistochemistry and WB detection results was basically consistent with the qPCR assay results. The immunohistochemistry and WB detection results of phosphorylated JAK2 (phospho-JAK2) and phosphorylated STAT3 (phospho-STAT3) were basically consistent with those of JAK2 and STAT3. Conclusion: The molecular expression of Leptin/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in the hyperlipidemia model rabbits was decreased. The molecular expression of Leptin/JAK2/STAT3 pathway was significantly increased after the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion. The application of laurocapram and borneol, as transdermal absorption enhancers, in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion could more obviously up-regulate the factors of the Leptin/JAK2/STAT3 lipid-regulating pathway than the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion alone.

OBJECTIVE: To access application value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) in investigation the coronary artery disease (CAD), and to explore the effective way of virtual autopsy to evaluate the sudden death due to CAD. METHODS: Nine cases of sudden cardiac death were collected to analyze MSCT before the autopsy. The quantitative analysis of the degree of coronary artery calcium was made by Agatston's method. The CACS of all the subjects were calculated based on the diagnostic criteria for CAD, in which calcium scoring was more than 400. The results of CACS were compared with that of the autopsy. RESULTS: Only 2 cases got the high calcium scoring which were more than 400 in the 9 cases died of CAD confirmed by the autopsy. The prediction rate of CACS for CAD was only 22.2%. Pulmonary edema of different severity was found in both autopsy and MSCT. There was a higher morbidity rate in the left anterior descending of coronary artery than the other branches. CONCLUSION Obvious calcification of coronary artery can be detected by MSCT and calculating CACS. To detect subtle calcification needs other technologies such as postmortem angiography.
Autopsy ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Death, Sudden/pathology* ; Humans ; Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods* ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging*

Objective To summarize the clinical experience in 58 cases of split liver transplantation (SLT).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 cases of SLT during June 2006 to January 2011.There were 13 cases performed at the first phase (2006.6-2008.12),and 45 cases at the second phase (2009.1 2011.1). The survival rate of patients,recovery of liver function,re-transplantation rate,incidence of vascular complications and biliary complications were observed,and the causes of death were analyzed.Results The median follow-up time of all the patients was 11.4 months (0-48 months).The 1- and 2-year cumulative survival rate was 77.4％ and 68.3％ respectively,re-transplantation rate was 6.9％,the incidence of vessel complications was 13.8％,and biliary complication rate was 32.1％.Fifteen cases died,including 8 deaths which were related to surgical complications.Conclusion With the donor split technology improvements and refinements in partial liver transplantation, the survival rate of SLT recipients is significantly increased,but selection of recipients is still the key factor that impacts survival rate of recipients receiving SLT.SLT can expand the resource of liver donors,and adequate selection of recipients can obtain better results.

Objective: To observe the effects of laurocapram and borneol as transdermal penetration enhancers applied to herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on liver lipids, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase in hyperlipidemia rabbits.Methods: Forty New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups using the random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. Rabbits in the blank group were fed routinely with a normal diet; rabbits in the other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish the hyperlipidemia model. Rabbits in the blank and the model groups were not given any intervention. After the model was prepared successfully, rabbits in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer group received herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion without transdermal penetration enhancers; rabbits in the laurocapram group and the borneol group received herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion with laurocapram or borneol respectively. After 4 weeks of treatment, the serum was isolated and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied for the detection of HSL and HMG-CoA reductase. The liver tissues were isolated, and total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by enzymatic methods. One-step method was applied for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) detection, and transmission turbidimetry was for apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) detection. Results: The serum concentrations of the drugs in the laurocapram and the borneol groups were significantly higher than those in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer group (both P<0.05); all drug penetrations in the borneol group were significantly higher than those in the laurocapram group (both P<0.05), except for tanshinone ⅡA. Compared with the non-transdermal penetration enhancer group, the HSL was significantly increased while the HMG-CoA reductase was significantly decreased in the laurocapram and the borneol groups (both P<0.05); between groups, the HSL in the borneol group was significantly higher than that in the laurocapram group (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the levels of LDL-C, TG, TC and Apo-B in rabbit liver were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the levels of LDL-C, TG, TC and Apo-B in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer, the laurocapram, and the borneol groups were significantly decreased (all P<0.05); between groups, the TG and TC in the laurocapram group and the LDL-C, TG, TC and Apo-B in the borneol group were significantly lower than those in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer group (all P<0.05), and the TG, LDL-C and Apo-B in the borneol group were significantly lower than those in the laurocapram group (all P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the HDL-C and Apo-A1 were significantly decreased in the model group (both P<0.05), while compared with the model group, the HDL-C and Apo-A1 were significantly increased in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer, the laurocapram, and the borneol groups (all P<0.05). Between groups, the Apo-A1 in the laurocapram group, the HDL-C and Apo-A1 in the borneol group were significantly higher than those in the non-transdermal penetration enhancer group (all P<0.05).Conclusion: The application of laurocapram and borneol, as transdermal penetration enhancers, in herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can promote the penetration of the drugs in the herbal cake, increase the levels of HDL-C and Apo-A1, improve the metabolism of HSL and HMG-CoA reductase, and also simultaneously reduce the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and Apo-B in the liver. The transdermal penetration enhancement effect of borneol is slightly better than or equivalent to that of laurocapram.

Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Muramidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Peptides, Cyclic ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Pichia ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification

There are irreversible eyeball structural changes in high myopic patients. These changes include axial length, corneal radius, anterior chamber depth, fundus degeneration, macula thickness, etc. There is a close relationship between the damage degree of visual function and these changes. The incidence of complications, such as vitreous opacity, posterior vitreous detachment, cataract, glaucoma, posterior staphyloma and retina detachment, is also highly related to the myopia diopter. More and more researches have indicated that the myopia diopter and the level of visual function are affected by multiple factors. It is promising to detect all of these changes by different kinds of methods, and to assess visual function through these changes. By clarifying these changes, it is also useful to distinguish traumatic damage from disease to provide evidence for forensic assessment of eye injuries.
Eye/physiopathology* ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Myopia/pathology* ; Vision, Ocular/physiology*

OBJECTIVE: To study the difference of Han female adolescent bone development in Henan and Zhejiang province. METHODS: All radiography including sternal end of clavicle and six main bone joints were taken from 599 female adolescents with age between 12 to 19 in Henan and Zhejiang province. Twenty four skeletal development indexes were analyzed based on "The Grading Standards" of skeletal growth of teenagers and then the bone age were calculated using mathematical model functions. The ratios of the bone age and the chronological age were analyzed by statistical software. RESULTS: The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.39 years earlier than that in Zhejiang at the age of 14-15 years old. The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.37 years later than that in Zhejiang at the age of 15-16 years old. The development of Henan female adolescents' skeleton was about 0.38 years later than that in Zhejiang at the age of 18-19 years old. There was no statistics significance in other age group. CONCLUSION The female adolescent bone development in Henan province is faster at earlier stage and then slower than that in Zhejiang province. The results provide potential value for the forensic medicine, anthropology and clinical medicine.
Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Age Factors ; Analysis of Variance ; Bone Development/physiology* ; Child ; China/ethnology* ; Clavicle/diagnostic imaging* ; Epiphyses/physiology* ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Humans ; Joints/physiology* ; Models, Theoretical ; Sampling Studies ; Sternum/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the difference of bone development of the Han male adolescents in Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang provinces. METHODS: All radiographs including sternal end of clavicle, pelvis and six main bone joints taken from 877 Han male adolescents aged between 12.00 and 20.00 in Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang provinces were reviewed. Twenty-four indices of skeletal development were analyzed based on "The Grading Standards" of skeletal growth of teenagers and then the bone age were calculated using mathematical model functions. The ratios of the bone age and the chronological age were then analyzed by statistical software. RESULTS: The development of Hainan male adolescents' skeleton were about 1.09 years and 1.26 years earlier than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 12.00-12.99 years. The development of Hainan male adolescents' skeleton were about 0.70 years and 1.38 years earlier than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 13.00-13.99 years, while the development of Henan male adolescents' skeleton were about 0.68 years earlier than that in Zhejiang in this age group. The development of Hainan male adolescents' skeleton were about 0.79 years later than that in Henan at the age group of 18.00-18.99 years. The development of Hainan male adolescents' skeleton were about 0.70 years and 0.95 years later than that in Henan and Zhejiang at the age group of 19.00-20.00 years. CONCLUSION There are significant differences in the skeleton development of Han male adolescents between the provinces of Hainan, Henan and Zhejiang. These results provide potential value for the practice of forensic medicine, anthropology and clinical medicine.
Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Age Factors ; Asian People/ethnology* ; Body Height ; Bone Development/physiology* ; Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; China/ethnology* ; Clavicle/diagnostic imaging* ; Environment ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Theoretical ; Pelvic Bones/diagnostic imaging* ; Young Adult