OBJECTIVEAccidents are an important cause of childhood injury. It is hypothesized that safety education programs can reduce accidents in primary school-aged children. This study aimed to determine whether child and parent safety education programs can decrease the incidence of accidental injury in children when compared with controls.

METHODSThe study population (aged 7-13 years) were recruited from four local primary schools, and randomly assigned into an Intervention or a Control group. The Intervention group received child and parent safety education and was taught injury prevention strategies. The Control group received no injury prevention education or intervention. The incidence of accidental injury was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSIn the first year after intervention the incidence of accidental injury was 262 cases in the Intervention group (8.26%) and 234 cases (8.67%) in the Control group (P > 0.05). In the second year after intervention, however, the incidence of accidental injury was significantly less in the Intervention group (211 cases, 6.54%) compared with the Control group (229 cases, 8.63%) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSInjury prevention strategies and child and parent safety education can reduce risks of accidental injury in children.

Accident Prevention ; methods ; Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parents ; Safety ; Wounds and Injuries ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Fuzheng Sanjie recipe in regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in Lewis lung cancer mice.

METHODEfforts were made to establish the Lewis lung cancer mouse model, weigh tumors and calculate the anti-tumor rate. The immunohistochemical method was used to examine the infiltration degree of CD68 + in tumor tissues in each group. ELISA was used to examine the content of IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α in mice serum.

RESULTCompared with the tumor-bearing model group, all of the other groups showed higher tumor inhibition rates, i. e. 50.28% for the DDP group, 34.37% for the TCM-preventing group and 66.76% for the Chinese and western medicine group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05), but without statistical difference in the infiltration degree of CD68+. The expressions of the IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12 in tumor-bearing groups were lower than that in the blank control group, but with higher contents of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β. Intervened with different drugs, there were significant differences in content among some relevant cytokines (P < 0.05), as well as statistical differences among the TCM prevention group, the Chinese and western medicine group and the tumor-bearing control group (P <0. 05) , but without statistical difference in TNF-α and IL-10 content from the tumor-bearing control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFuzheng Sanjie recipe could reverse the immune remodeling effect and control the tumor growth by down-regulating the expressions of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-α in lung cancer immune microenvironment and up-regulating the expression of IFN-γ.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Interleukin-13 ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Epinephrine ; metabolism ; Female ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Norepinephrine ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synaptic Transmission

OBJECTIVETo survey the sleep habits (bedtime, wake time), sleep duration, and sleep problems in school-age children of China.

METHODFrom November to December, 2005, a total of 19,299 school-age children from 55 elementary schools of 9 cities entered the study by a cross-sectional survey. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire were applied to investigate children's sociodemographic characteristics and sleep behaviors, respectively.

RESULTSThe mean sleep duration was 9 hours and 10 minutes (9:10, SD:48 min) during the weekdays and 9:48 (SD: 63 min) during the weekends. In about 71.4% and 41.8% school-aged children the sleep duration per day did not reach the lowest criterion of 10 hours recommended by the Ministry of Education of China during weekdays and weekends, respectively. Sleep problems were common with prevalence ranging from 14.5% for sleep-disordered breathing to 75.3% for daytime sleepiness. Parasomnia (chi(2) = 13.76, P < 0.01) and sleep-disordered breathing (chi(2) = 119.83, P < 0.01) were more prevalent in boys than in girls; however, sleep anxiety was more prevalent in girls than in boys (chi(2) = 19.42, P < 0.01). Except for night waking, other types of sleep problems were significantly associated with age.

CONCLUSIONSInadequate sleep duration and sleep problems prevail among school-age children, which indicates that children's sleep health may be a major public health concern in China.

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Habits ; Humans ; Male ; Sleep ; Sleep Stages ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo report the operative technique and clinical results of the neurocutaneous vascular axial flap with perforating vessels as its pedicle.

METHODSAn axial skin flap was designed along the axis of small paraneural vessels that was close to a concomitant cutaneous nerve. The cutaneous perforating branches of major arteries were used as the pedicle, which provided a rotation arc for the flap to cover the defects in the distal site of extremities. 43 neurocutaneous vascular axial flaps were transferred, including 13 sural neurocutaneous axial flaps (30 cm x 12 cm to 16 cm x 8 cm) supplied by perforating branches of the peroneal vessel; 9 saphenous neurocutaneous axial flaps (15 cm x 8 cm to 5 cm x 4 cm) with posterior tibial perforators as the pedicle; 8 posterior antebrachial neurocutaneous axial flaps (16 cm x 6 cm to 10 cm x 4 cm) based on the dorsal branch of the anterior interossea vessel and 13 reversed neurocutaneous axial flaps (6.0 cm x 3.5 cm to 2.5 cm x 1.5 cm) on the dorsal hand pedicled with the perforators at the interdigital web space.

RESULTS42 flaps survived completely. One flap underwent venous congestion with necrosis on the distal one fourth of the flap. The color and texture of the flaps were good. The appearance and functional results were satisfactory as revealed by follow-up for 6 to 24 months.

CONCLUSIONSThe modified operation combines the advantages of both the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous axial flap, enlarges the size of the flap and extends the scope of reconstruction. The flap is characterized with delicate designation, easy dissection and reliable blood supply. It is a good method in repairing the skin defects of the extremities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin ; blood supply ; innervation ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; innervation ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo develop the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) by translating and retranslating the English version of CSHQ and to examine the reliability, content validity, construct validity of the Chinese version in a general population of school-age children.

METHODSDuring November and December 2005, a total of 20 457 school-age children from 55 primary schools of 9 cities were recruited through cluster-stratified selection, using geographic location, economic standard, and population density as criteria. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of CSHQ were completed to quantify sociodemographic characteristics and to characterize sleep patterns and sleep disturbances, respectively.

RESULTSThe internal consistency of overall questionnaire and the eight subscales of the Chinese version of CSHQ was good (Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.73 and ranged from 0.42 to 0.69, respectively). The consistency between mother and father was ICCs = 0.89 for overall questionnaire and ranged from ICCs = 0.83 to ICCs = 0.92 for subscales. The test-retest reliability was ICCs = 0.85 for overall questionnaire and range from ICCs = 0.60 to ICCs = 0.88 for subscales. Factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure, which could represent bedtime behavior problems, sleep disturbance, sleep duration and daytime sleepiness, respectively, and the three factors could be used to explain 58.63% of the total variance. The factor loading was above 0.5 for the corresponding subscale.

CONCLUSIONSReliability, content validity and construct validity of the Chinese version of CSHQ in a general population of school-age children are good. It appears to be a suitable instrument for measuring sleep patterns and screening for sleep problems in school-aged children.

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Little is known about combination of the circulating Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA and tumor volume in prognosis of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. We conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic values of combining these two factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By Kaplan-Meier, we compare the differences of survival curves between 385 patients with different EBV DNA or tumor volume levels, or with the combination of two biomarkers mentioned above. RESULTS: Gross tumor volume of cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd, p < 0.001) and total tumor volume (GTVtotal, p < 0.001) were both closely related to pretreatment EBV DNA, while gross tumor volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx, p=0.047) was weakly related to EBV DNA. EBV DNA was significantly correlated with progress-free survival (PFS, p=0.005), locoregional-free survival (LRFS, p=0.039), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, p=0.017), while GTVtotal, regardless of GTVnx and GTVnd, had a significant correlation with PFS and LRFS. The p-values of GTVtotal for PFS and LRFS were 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. According to GTVtotal and pretreatment EBV DNA level, patients were divided into a low-risk group (EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³; EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³; or EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³) and a high-risk group (EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³). When patients in the low-risk group were compared with those in the high-risk group, 3-year PFS (p=0.003), LRFS (p=0.010), and DMFS (p=0.031) rates were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume were both closely correlated with prognosis of stage II NPC patients in the IMRT era. Combination of EBV DNA and tumor volume can refine prognosis and indicate for clinical therapy.
Biomarkers ; Cohort Studies* ; DNA* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Nasopharynx ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy* ; Tumor Burden*

Objective:To explore the effect of closed skills physical activity with additional dynamic visual task on dynamic visual acuity and static visual acuity for pupils with myopia at grade four at primary school. Methods:In September, 2019, 37 pupils with myopia at grade four in Daicheng Experimental Primary School, Suzhou City were selected. In light of mechanism of refractive system, the intervention of closed-skilled physical activity with dynamic visual task was developed. They were intervened for 16 weeks. The dynamic visual acuity and static visual acuity were measured before intervention, and eight and 16 weeks after intervention. Results:Both dynamic visual acuity and static visual acuity improved significantly in all the pupils with myopia after 16 weeks of intervention (F > 15.933, P < 0.001), both pupils with mild and moderate myopia (|t| > 3.353, P < 0.05). The static visual acuity was better in pupils with moderate myopic than with mild myopia (t = -2.830, P < 0.01). Conclusion:Closed skills physical activity with dynamic visual task could improve the visual acuity of puplis with myopia at grade four at primary school.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CD123 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its relationship between clinical features, concomitant fusion gene or gene mutation, efficacy and prognosis. METHODS: 365 patients with newly diagnosed AML (except M3) treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were enrolled and retrospective analysis, and multi-parameter flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of CD123 in myeloid leukemia cell population. CD123≥20% was defined as positive. Clinical features, concomitant fusion gene or gene mutation, efficacy and prognosis of CD123 RESULTS: The positive rate of CD123 in 365 newly diagnosed AML patients was 38.9%. Compared with the CD123 CONCLUSION CD123 positive indicates that AML patients have higher tumor burden and are more difficult to reach remission. It is an independent risk factor for OS and EFS in patients with normal karyotype and intermediate risk, which is important to evaluate the prognosis of patients with AML without specific prognostic marker.
Humans ; Interleukin-3 Receptor alpha Subunit ; Karyotype ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; Mutation ; Patients ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of N-cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells derived from acute leukemia patients and its clinical significances.

METHODSA total of 113 patients with acute leukemia were enrolled in this study. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the expression of N-Cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells from acute leukemia patients and the relationships between the N-cadherin expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with acute leukemia were analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression of N-Cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells deriveted from patients with acute leukemia was variable with 0%-99.7%. For adult AML patients, the positive rate of CD34 in N-cadheringroup was significantly higher than that in N-cadheringroup(67.39% vs 33.33%)(P=0.013), while the differences of total CR rate and rate of CR after 1 cycle of induction treatment were not significant between these 2 groups(P>0.05). As to ALL patients, N-cadheringroup had significant lower WBC count (21.31±7.07 vs 51.10±23.69)(P=0.008) and lower percentage of peripheral blood blast (43.22±5.75% vs 66.45±5.65%)(P=0.015). The CR rate after 1 cycle of induction treatment and rate of overall CR were lower and the relapse rate was higher in N-cadherinALL group than those in N-cadherinALL group, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). For childhood ALL, the positive rate of CD33 in N-cadheringroup was significantly higher than that in N-cadheringroup(47.62% vs 0%)(P=0.012). The relapse rate was higher in N-cadheringroup than that in N-cadheringroup (30.00% vs 0%)(P=0.115). The median survival time, 3-year overall OS rate and 3-year relapse-free survival rate in N-cadheringroups of adult AML, non-M3 AML, ALL and chidhood ALL paients were superior to N-cadheringroups, but the differences were not significant.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of N-cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells relates to some clinical features of patients with acute leukemia and to some extent has inferior effect on survival of patients with acute leukemia.