Objective To explore the diagnostic significance of differential cell count in induced sputum to chronic cough and assessment of airway inflammation.Methods The sputum of 335 chronic cough patients were induced.Differential cell counts were measured in these samples.The side effects were observed during the induced procedure.The final diagnosis was made based on clinical manifestation and examination findings including pulmonary function tests,provocation test,induced sputum cell differentials, etc.Results The cause of chronic cough was defined in 322 patients.The six most important causes of cough were typical asthma(TA,n=84),eosinophilic bronchitis (EB,n=62),atopic cough (AC,n= 42),cough variant asthma (CVA,n=40),gastroesophageal reflux cough(GERC,n=37),rhinitis and/ or paranasal sinusitis (PNDs,n=32),and others and indefinite cause (n=25,13).Percentage of eosinophils were significantly increased in the induced sputum of AC,EB,CVA,and GERC patients (0.005,0.052,0.059,0.234) compared with those in other causes and the healthy controls (0) (P

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of cough and its risk factors in young college students in Guangzhou.

METHODSUsing a questionnaire with uniform scheme, a cluster-randomized sampling survey was conducted among young college students in Guangzhou. Fluoroscopy of chest was performed in subjects with persisted cough longer than 8 weeks.

RESULTSThere were 1087 cases with complete data from 1091 people including 648 males, 439 females with an average age of 21.16 years old. The total prevalence of cough was 10.9%. Difference in prevalence of cough between males and females showed no significance (10.3% vs. 11.9%, P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences between male and female in prevalence rates of acute cough (6.9% vs. 8.7%, P > 0.05) and chronic cough (3.4% vs. 3.2%, P > 0.05). Under chronic cough condition, cough was more likely to be the only or major symptom than under acute cough condition (77.8% vs. 44.6%, chi(2) = 11.166, P < 0.01). Nasal disease was an important risk factor to the development of chronic cough, which was found in 33.3% of the patients with chronic cough and when having chronic nasal diseases.

CONCLUSIONCough seemed a common disorder in young college student in Guangzhou and there was no significant difference in prevalence between males and females. Nasal disease was an important risk factor to chronic cough.

China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; complications ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sampling Studies ; Students ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities ; Young Adult

Adult ; Aged ; Endotoxemia ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators ; blood ; Liver Diseases ; blood ; therapy ; Liver, Artificial ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plasma Exchange ; Serum ; chemistry ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the histopathologic features, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of 40 autopsy cases of diabetes mellitus were studied. The hearts from another 40 cases of non-diabetic elderly deceased were used for comparison.

RESULTSIn the 40 cases of diabetes studied, 36 cases (90.0%) showed microscopic myocardial cell death. Focal interstitial fibrosis was observed in 37 cases (92.5%). On the other hand, similar myocardial cell death and patchy interstitial fibrosis was seen in 8 cases (20.0%) and 9 cases (22.5%) of non-diabetic hearts, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The mural thickness of intramyocardial blood vessels was significantly increased in diabetic group (20.6 microm +/- 4.2 microm) than in non-diabetic group (7.2 microm +/- 5.2 microm), P < 0.01.The myocardial changes in diabetic group however were similar to those in non-diabetic group with systemic hypertension.

CONCLUSIONSPathologic diagnosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy relies on detailed histologic examination of heart tissue and clinical correlation of a long history of diabetes mellitus. Exclusion of other possible etiologies is also essential. The myocardial cell death observed may be due to the ischemic effect induced by diabetic microangiopathy in cardiac muscle.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autopsy ; Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; diagnosis ; Cell Death ; Coronary Vessels ; cytology ; pathology ; Diabetes Complications ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardium ; cytology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) caused by influenza virus A (IVA) and influenza virus B (IVB) in children.

METHODSThe clinical data of 366 children with LRTI caused by influenza virus (IV), who were hospitalized in Yuying Children′s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2010 and 2014, were analyzed retrospectively, and there were 272 cases caused by IVA and 94 cases caused by IVB.

RESULTSIV was mainly prevalent from December to March of the next year, with the predominance of IVA. There were small peaks of IVA prevalence in July or September every other year, and IVB was prevalent from December to March of the next year every other year. The children with LRTI caused by IVA alone had a significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) count and significantly higher percentages of children with increased WBC, abnormal serum sodium, and abnormal serum potassium than those caused by IVB alone (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in age, sex, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, and co-infection rate with bacteria or atypical pathogens between the two groups (P>0.05). The rate of co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was significantly higher in the IVB group than in the IVA group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIVA is prevalent in winter and spring every year and has small peaks in summer every other year, while IVB is prevalent in winter and spring every other year. Compared with IVB, IVA causes more cases of increased WBC and electrolyte disturbance. The children infected with IVB are more likely to be co-infected with RSV. The children with LRTI caused by IVA and IVB have similar clinical manifestations.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza B virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of repeated esophageal acid infusion on specific airway resistance (sRaw) and airway reactivity in the guinea pigs and explore the mechanism.

METHODSsRaw and airway reactivity were measured by double-chamber plethysmography in normal control group (group N), saline control group (group NS), and repeated acid irrigation group (group H). The initial measurement was used as the baseline sRaw and airway reactivity (1d1), and 2 h after the initial measurement, sRaw and airway reactivity were measured again (1d2). Similarly, such measurements were repeated on the 15th day for all the guinea pigs (15d1, 15d2) with a 2-h interval. The content of Substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in lung tissue, trachea, BALF and ganglion were detected by ELISA.

RESULTSThe percent change of sRaw, (15d2-1d1)/1d1 in group H was significantly higher than that in group N. The differences in the airway reactivity of the group N, group NS, and group H were not statistically significant. The SP content in the lung, trachea, ganglion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in group H was significantly higher than those in group N. The SP content in ganglion showed a significant positive correlation to that in the trachea. No significant differences were found in the VIP content in the lung, trachea, ganglion or BALF between the groups.

CONCLUSIONRepeated esophageal acid infusion increases the airway resistance, but not the airway reactivity in normal guinea pigs. SP may be involved in development of high sRaw through the esophageal-tracheobronchial reflex.

Airway Resistance ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Esophagus ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Respiratory System ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Trachea ; metabolism ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for measurement of airway resistance (sRaw) and reactivity in guinea pigs.

METHODSMethacholine spray at gradient concentrations was given to guinea pigs. PC100 was defined as the concentration of methacholine when the sRaw doubled in the guinea pigs using a double-chamber plethysmograph. The time for the recovery of PC100 resistance to baseline levels was measured. The sRaw and PC100 were measured twice on days 1 and 15 (4 time points) in the guinea pigs before and after OVA challenge.

RESULTSPC100 in a normal guinea pig airway was shown to recover the baseline level within 1 h. Double-chamber plethysmographical measurement of the sRaw and PC100 in normal guinea pigs did not show significant differences between the time points [sRaw: 3.25-/+0.67, 3.33-/+0.58, 3.30-/+0.56, and 3.32-/+0.75 cm H2O.s; log2PC100: 8.48-/+0.94, 8.64-/+1.04, 8.56-/+0.67, and 8.64-/+0.60, respectively, P>0.05]. The sRaw and airway reactivity were significantly increased in guinea pigs challenged with OVA [sRaw: 7.08-/+1.82 vs 2.87-/+0.53 cmH2O.s, P<0.01; log2PC100: 6.64-/+1.26 vs 8.48-/+1.17, P<0.01].

CONCLUSIONA double-chamber plethysmography for measurement of sRaw and airway reactivity in guinea pig is established successfully.

Airway Resistance ; Animals ; Asthma ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Methacholine Chloride ; Plethysmography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analyze the medical treatment of 332 patients with lower leg fracture in Wenchuan earthquake admitted in West China Hospital.

METHODSFrom May 12, 2008 to June 15, 2008, 332 patients with lower leg fracture injured in Wenchuan earthquake were treated in our hospital. The data on trauma condition and clinical treatment were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the 332 cases of lower leg fracture, there were 179 cases of open fracture, accounting for 53.9%, in which 91% belonged to Gustilo II or III injury with serious pollution. Many patients had posttraumatic complications, vascular and nerve injury, wound infection or osteofascial compartment syndrome. After medical treatment, blood vessels were reconnected, wound surface was repaired and wound infection was under control.

CONCLUSIONFor the patients with lower leg fracture in earthquake, we followed the principle of "complete debridement - restoring the continuity of bone bracket-timely recovering blood supply of limbs and repairing nerve damage - repair the wound surface at stage I or II " so as to reduce the incidence of amputation and infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; Compartment Syndromes ; etiology ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; innervation ; Leg Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To study the alveolar bone remodeling of maxillary anterior teeth after extraction treatment and 2-year recovery period in adolescent patients with maxillary anterior arch protrusion.Methods:15 adolescent patients with maxillary anterior arch protru-sion were included,2 maxillary first premolars were extracted and implant anchorage combined with sliding method were used to close the extraction gap.CBCT images were taken before treatment(T0),after treatment(T1)and 2 years of recorvery period(T2),respectively.After multi-plane reconstruction with Dophin Imaging,the alveolar bone area(ABA)changes of maxillary central incisor,lateral incisor and canine at cementoenamel junction(CEJ-3 mm),root neck,central part,and root tip were measured and recorded as TAC,TA1,TA2 and TA3 respectively.The labial palatal alveolar crest to CEJ bone height(BH)of each tooth was recorded as BCL,BCP respectively.The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics 25.0.Results:In T0-T2 phase,TA1 of each tooth was reduced.In T0-T1 phase,the horizontal adsorption of teeth was significantly correlated with ΔBCP,followed by ΔTA3.In T0-T2 phase,ΔBCP,ΔTA2,ΔTA3 and the horizontal adsorption of teeth showed low negative correlation.In T0-T1 phase,the vertical reduction of teeth was significantly positively correlated with ΔTAC,followed by low correlation with ΔTA3 and ΔTA1.Conclusion:In the treatment of anterior arch protrusion after extraction correction in adolescent patients the more the vertical reduction and horizontal adsorption of teeth in the treatment phase,the more the alveolar bone thickness and height around the tooth root in the maintenance phase,which were significantly positively correlated.Reasonable control of the vertical move-ment of teeth in the alveolar bone can improve the periodontal condition around the teeth to a certain extent.

Objective:To analyze the factors affecting overall survival(OS)of adult patients with core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia(CBF-AML)and establish a prediction model.Methods:A total of 216 newly diagnosed patients with CBF-AML in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2015 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The 216 CBF-AML patients were divided into the training and the validation cohort at 7:3 ratio.The Cox regression model was used to analyze the clinical factors affecting OS.Stepwise regression was used to establish the optimal model and the nomogram.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the model performance.Results:Age(≥ 55 years old),peripheral blood blast(≥80％),fusion gene(AML1-ETO),KIT mutations were identified as independent adverse factors for OS.The area under the ROC curve at 3-year was 0.772 and 0.722 in the training cohort and validation cohort,respectively.The predicted value of the calibration curve is in good agreement with the measured value.DCA shows that this model performs better than a single factor.Conclusion:This prediction model is simple and feasible,and can effectively predict the OS of CBF-AML,and provide a basis for treatment decision.