Objective To study on the effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)in detec- ting insulinoma preoperatively.Methods Fifteen patients with clinical and biochemical signs of insulinoma were examined by EUS using a radial-scanning ultrasound endoscope and abdominal ultrasonography,CT, DSA prior to surgery.The outcome was evaluated on the basis of surgery and examination of the resected specimens.Results Fifteen patients with 16 lesions of insulinoma were identified by surgery and pathology. The aceuraey of diagnosis with EUS was 13/15(86.7%),and that with B-US,CT,DSA was 3/15(20%), 5/15(33.3%),9/14(64.3%)respectively.In the 14 lesions identified by EUS,10 lesions were depicted to be hypoechogenic,1 lesion was isoechogenic and 3 lesions were hyperechogenie.All 14 lesions were well demarcated and surrounded by normal pancreatic tissue.The minimum size of the lesion visualized by EUS was 0.5cm.Ten lesions were correctly detected by EUS with size of 0.5～2.0cm.EUS missed diagnosis in 2 lesions not for their small size.EUS falsely indicated a 10mm lesion from two lesions inside the head of pancreas.One lesion outside the pancreatic tail and one lesion in the pancreatic head were missed by EUS in another case.Conclusion EUS is superior in assessing the location of pancreatic insulinoma than other ima- ging methods such as B-US,CT,DSA.

Hemedialysis is a maintaining curing means commonly used for patients having nephropathy in the end-phase and telo-phase,and bemodialysis patients have a considerably high rate of occuring malnutrition.Various studies in foreign countries have elucidated the reasons for causing malnutrition,and a lot of clinical trials have been done about related nutrition support.In US and Europe,well-rounded clinical nutrition guidelines for hemedialysis patients have been established,which give out express clinical directions,suggestions and study aspects,from the examination of patients' nutrition,to nutrition assessment tools,and to nutritional interventions.But,in the studied in our country,the study on nutritional interventions is lack of prospective randomized controlled trial with a strict design.The role of nursing staff in the nutrition support for hemedialysis patients is very important.In order to improve the congnization of nuring staff to nutrition support,and to provide a better nutrition support to bemoclialysis patients,it needs to do a review of the current situations and nursing intervention about nutrition support to hemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions in children with chronic illness and their parents.

METHODSFifty children with chronic illness and 75 parents participated in the study. Children who were hospitalized between August 2007 and January 2008 and their parents received educational sessions and those who were hospitalized between February and July 2007 and who did not receive the sessions served as the control group. The content of the educational sessions included knowledge of chronic disease, drugs and self-care, and coping skills. The knowledge level, stressors, coping strategies, and psychological conditions of children with chronic illness and their parents were evaluated before discharge and three months after discharge.

RESULTSAfter educational interventions, the knowledge levels of children and their parents increased and the stressors decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with those in the control group. The children's parents in the intervention group used more active coping strategies (understanding the medical situations through communication with medical staff) than those in the control group. The differences in the medication compliance of children between the two groups were not found.

CONCLUSIONSThe educational interventions may result in an improved knowledge level and decrease stressors in children and their parents, and improve stress coping strategies in parents. There is no evidence that the educational intervention can improve the psychosocial conditions of children and their parents.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; psychology ; Male ; Parents ; psychology ; Patient Education as Topic

Objective To compare diversity and diagnostic concordance of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) in evaluating nutritional status among gastrointestinal cancer patients. Methods Two hundred and twenty-three patients with gastrointestinal cancer were conveniently selected and evaluated by SGA and NRS within 48h of admission from April to October 2009 using cross-sectional study. Diversity and diagnostic concordance between SGA and NRS2002 were analyzed by McNemar paired chi- square test and Kappa test. Results All patients completed both NRS2002 and SGA. The prevalence of nutritional risk or undernutrition evaluated by NRS2002 or SGA was 61% versus 32. 3%. There was a significant difference between NRS2002 and SGA after conducting McNemar paired chi-square test (P <0. 01) but diagnostic concordance of SGA and NRS2002 was poor (Kappa = 0.368, P < 0. 01). Conclusions Both NRS2002 and SGA were feasible in evaluating nutritional status in gastrointestinal cancer patients, but there was deference between NRS2002 and SGA. NRS2002 had higher sensitivity to detect early under nutrition and was more suitable in prevention under nutrition than SGA in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Objective To explore the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients with different ages, and analyze the reasons of differences of nutritional status. Methods 109 hemodialysis patients were divided into the young-age group (n=26), the middle-age group (n=49) and the old-age group (n=34). The body indices, blood biochemical parameters, dietary assessment, handgrip strength and subjective global assessment were measured. The nutritional indices and relationship were compared among patients in the three groups. Results Leg circumstance, prealbumin, creatinine, handgrip strength and SGA scores were different among the three groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). And those five factors were all statistically associated with age (P<0.05). Conclusions With the increase of age, the hemodialysis patients' nutritional status has a descending trend. It's necessary for nursing staff to timely monitor and intervene the nutrition of elderly patients so as to prevent the incidence of malnutrition.

Background and objective: Deep tendon reflexes are important physical signs in neurological examination. Despite being an established technique clinically, there is lack of normality data in the healthy population, especially among the elderly. This study aims to determine the range of normality in deep tendon reflexes among the adults. Methods: The study subjects consisted of 176 healthy volunteers. They were examined by trained assessors using standardized protocol. Results: Among the commonly elicited deep tendon reflexes, isolated absent reflexes were found in up to 34.4% (supinator) in the older group, and 12.5% (triceps) in the young adults, significantly higher in the older group. Symmetrical absent reflexes was seen in up to 26.3% of supinator in the older group. Absent reflexes of the entire limbs both sides were however, much less common particularly among young adults, with 6.3% of the older group having absent reflexes in the entire lower limbs, and 2.5% in the entire upper limbs. Isolated asymmetry in reflex was present in up to 17.0% (triceps). However, only 6.3% had asymmetrical reflexes in the contiguous anatomical region. Conclusion: Isolated absent or asymmetry deep tendon reflexes were common particularly in the elderly.

Objective To explore the change of life quality of patients with tumors of head and neck during radiotherapy. Methods 84 adult patients with tumors of head and neck who underwent the radiotherapy in one general hospital and one cancer hospital were selected. Patients' quality of life was surveyed using EORCT QLQ-C30 developed by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer at the beginning and completion of radiotherapy. Results Patients' quality of life obviously decreased when the radiotherapy finished. The difference between before and after the radiotherapy had a statistical meaning (P < 0.01 ). Among each dimension, the role function, social function and general health status had a decrease of 24, 24 and 20 point in the score, respectively. The syndromes such as tiredness, pain, sleep disorders and anorexia significantly deteriorated, their scores had an increase of 36, 42, 22 and 42 point, respectively. Conclusions The quality of life of patients with tumors of head and neck obviously decreases before and after the radiotherapy. We should pay attention to adjusting the nursing emphasis, reducing the severe degree of syndrome, thereby helping the patients maintain the good quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the gene expression profile of degenerated cervical intervertebral disc of Sprague Dawley rats on a large scale.

METHODSDegenerated models of Sprague Dawley rats of 9 months old (degeneration group, n=9) and normal Sprague Dawley rats of 3 months old (control group, n=9) were prepared, respectively. mRNA was obtained from the cervical intervertebral disc of rats in both groups, respectively, and then labelled by Cy5 and Cy3 fluorescence respectively after reverse transcription to obtain intervertebral disc cDNA probes. cDNA probes were hybridized with BiostarR-40s gene expression profile chips and scanned by laser scanner. The results were treated with portrait analysis, standardization management, and ratio analysis with softwares.

RESULTSCompared with the rats in the control group, 9.6% (381 pieces in total) gene expression changed obviously in the rats in the degeneration group, among which, the gene expression quantities of 171 pieces increased significantly (r=the ratio of the degeneration group to the control group>2.0), 52 pieces of which had certain function. While the gene expression quantities of 211 pieces decreased significantly (r<0.5), 41 pieces of which had certain function.

CONCLUSIONSGene chip technology can be used to analyze the gene expression profile of degenerated intervertebral disc of rats in parallel, in quantity and on a large scale, which helps to testify the representative genes and protein expression, and plays an important role in clarifying the pathogenesis of degenerated intervertebral disc.

Animals ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Profiling ; In Situ Hybridization ; Intervertebral Disc ; pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; genetics ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the association of polymorphisms in the potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily,member 1(KCNQ1) gene with type 2 diabetes in Chinese population from Jiangsu province.

METHODSSubjects consisting of 2925 cases and 3281 controls were enrolled from a community based cohort study of type 2 diabetes in Wuxi in 2007 and a community based cross-sectional survey on chronic non-communicable disease in Nantong in 2009. Epidemiological questionnaire survey and physical examinations were conducted and 10 h overnight fasting blood samples of 5 ml were drawn for all subjects.Genotypes were determined by TaqMan OpenArray Genotyping System and i-PLEX Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The relationship between KCNQ1 gene polymorphism and risk of type 2 diabetes after adjustment for age,sex and body mass index (BMI) was analyzed.

RESULTSThe C allele of rs2237897, rs2237892 and rs2237895 at KCNQ1 increased the risk of type 2 diabetes with adjusted OR (95%CI) value being 1.41(1.30-1.54), 1.35(1.24-1.47), 1.22(1.12-1.33) respectively (all P value < 0.05) under the additive genetic model after adjusted by age,sex and BMI. Stratification analyses in additive genetic model showed that the C allele of rs2237897 increased the risk of type 2 diabetes in subgroups stratified by age ( ≤ 56 years and > 56 years), sex (females and males), BMI (< 24 kg/m(2) and ≥ 24 kg/m(2)) with OR (95%CI) value being 1.39(1.22-1.59), 1.43(1.28-1.60), 1.40(1.26-1.55), 1.44(1.26-1.66), 1.48(1.33-1.66), 1.34(1.17-1.53) respectively (all P value< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPolymorphisms of rs2237897, rs2237892 and rs2237895 in the KCNQ1 gene were associated with occurrence of type 2 diabetes among Jiangsu province population.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; KCNQ1 Potassium Channel ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Our earlier research has shown that mono-substituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamide exhibited much higher anti-cancer activity than the lead compound sodium dichloroacetate (DCA). In this paper, a variety of multi-substituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamides were synthesized and biologically evaluated. The results showed that 3, 5-disubstituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamide analogues had satisfactory potency. Among them, N-(3, 5-diiodophenyl)-2, 2-dichloroacetamide had an IC50 of 2.84 micromol x L(-1) against non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 and could induce cancer cell apoptosis.
Acetamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship