The feature of HPM(high-power microwave) and its effect are briefly introduced.The destroying mechanism of HPM to different electronic medical equipment is described in detail.The reinforcement of HPM and effective measures are discussed.It is crucial to study the effects of high-power microwave radiation on military electronic equipment due to wide application of HPM in future military actions.

Objective To explore the relationship between apoptosis promoting effector molecules TFAR19,Apaf-1 and lubar intervertebral disc protrusion.Methods 99 of operation patients with lubar intervertebral disc protrusion in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Department of Spine and Osteoputhy were recruited.Among them,single segment of lubar intervertebral disc protrusion were 70 (Group A),more than one segments of lubar intervertebral disc protrusion were 29 (Group B).In addition,40 unrelated healthy people from physical examination center were enrolled as controls (Group C).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine serum TFAR19,Apaf-1 levels in lubar intervertebral disc protrusion patients.Results The level of TFAR19 in Group A,Group B and Group C respectively were 1.85±0.14,2.33±0.25 and 1.30±0.09 ng/ml.The TFAR19 activity in each group was statistically significant difference (F=7.979,P＜0.01).Compared with Group C,the TFAR19 activity in Group B (q=5.59,P＜0.01),Group A (q=3.60,P=0.012) was statistically significant difference.The TFAR19 activity in lubar intervertebral disc protrusion patients subgroups (Group A,Group B) was statistically significant difference (q =2.93,P =0.012).The level of Apaf-1 in Group A,Group B and Group C respectively were 159.22±11.87,203.20±20.21 and 107.52±11.58 pg/ml.The Apaf-1 activity in each group was statistically significant difference (F=8.828,P＜0.01).Compared with Group C,the Apaf-1 activity in Group B (q=5.86,P＜0.01),Group A (q=3.89,P=0.007) was statistically significant difference.The Apaf-1 activity in lubar intervertebral disc protrusion patients subgroups (Group A,Group B) was statistically significant difference (q =2.97,P=0.037).Male/female ratio between each groups was not statistically significant difference (x2=0.229,P =0.892).Age between each groups was not statistically significant difference (F=0.091,P =0.91).Conclusion The augment of TFAR19 and Apaf-1 promotes apoptosis of lubar intervertebral disc protrusion.It is connected with quantity of protrusive segments.The more segments of protrusion,the higher TFAR19 and Apaf-1 level of examination will be.

A novel genomic island (GI) in Streptococcus suis serotype 2(SS2) was identified, which resided in the highly virulent strains but not in the hypo-virulent strains or avirulent strains of SS2 of the Chinese isolates. This newly discovered GI strain was designated as SSGI4 and its whole length of genome was 11 269 bps, sharing the typical properties of pathogenicity islands, such as the distinct G+C content, a mosaic architecture characteristics and the specificity for virulent isolates. There were 11 genes within SSGI4, in which some genes were putative cell surface protein genes and others were amino acid-binding protein genes. Our finding sheds light on the investigation of horizontal gene transfer in SS2 and their influence on pathogenicity.

The research was aimed to detect the expression levels of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) in child acute leukemia cells, and to explore its possible association with leukemia cells cycle, the risk of disease, minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring and prognosis of B-ALL. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the expression of pRb in 89 cases of acute leukemia (including 25 AML, 10 T-ALL and 54 B-ALL) and bone marrows from 7 normal children (control group). Meanwhile the cell cycle in some cases was analyzed. The results showed that (1) the FCM could accurately detect the expression of pRb in acute leukemia cells; (2) the high level of pRb expression was frequent in all types of child acute leukemias. In the same case, the expression of pRb was significantly increased in leukemia cells when compared with non-leukemia cells. And no detectable pRb protein was found in partial cases of acute leukemia; (3) there was a close relation between expression of pRb and the cell cycle of leukemia cells, the number of G(1) phase cells in pRb positive case of B-ALL was more than that in pRb negative case (92% vs 77%); (4) in B-ALL, the level of pRb expression in MRD positive group was significantly lower than that in MRD negative group (P < 0.05), but pRb expression was stable in non-leukemia cells during therapy; (5) pRb expression was related to the early response to therapy in B-ALL, the expression of pRb was significantly increased in sensitive group when compared with insensitive group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that high level or absence of pRb expression can be found in child acute leukemia cells. The expression of pRb is positively related to cell cycle of leukemia cells, MRD monitoring and the early response to therapy. In short, the detection of pRb expression level can guide the therapy and the evaluation of prognosis in B-ALL.
Burkitt Lymphoma ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis ; Retinoblastoma Protein ; biosynthesis ; genetics

The purpose of this study was to establish a method for the monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow samples of the children with T acute lymphoid leukemia (T-ALL), and to evaluate its value in clinical application. The immuno-phenotype of the leukemic cells were detected by flow cytometry with two sets of 4-color combinations of antibodies against TdT/CD5/cCD3/HLA-DR(+)CD19(+)CD33 and CD34/CD5/cCD3/HLA-DR(+)CD19(+)CD33 in 32 cases of de novo T-ALL and were compared with the results in 10 normal controls. The antibody combination in regions of the two-parameter plots where the leukemic cells appeared were different from the normal cells was screened as the effective combination which was used to monitor MRD in the bone marrows of the T-ALL children after the inductive treatment. The results indicated that the respective effective frequencies of antibodies against TdT/CD5/cCD3/HLA-DR(+)CD19(+)CD33 and CD34/CD5/cCD3/HLA-DR(+)CD19(+)CD33 were 90.6% and 62.5%. 32 cases of childhood T-ALL were successively screened for antibodies combinations of interest and were identified in 100% (32/32) of these cases. After inductive treatment, the positive rate in 129 times of MRD monitoring was 19.4% (25/129) by flow cytometry and 5.43% (7/129) by FAB morphology. It is concluded that monitoring MRD in patients with T-ALL by flow cytometry with two 4 color combinations of fluorescent antibodies is an quick and effective method. The sensitivity of this method is high and it may be of important significance for the treatment and prognostic evaluation in childhood T-ALL.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy (3-DCRT) with docetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

METHODSSixty patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma were randomly assigned in two equal groups to receive IMRT or 3-DCRT, both combined with the chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin. The total dose of radiotherapy was 64 Gy, administered in 30 fractions in 6 weeks.

RESULTSThe complete response rate (complete and partial remissions) of IMRT group was 90.0%, significantly higher than the rate of 80.0% in 3-DCRT group (P>0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of IMRT group were 86.7%, 70.0%, and 66.7%, as compared to 70.0%, 63.3%, and 63.3% in 3-DCRT group, respectively, showing no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). IMRT showed advantages over 3-DCRT in terms of the V20 and V30 parameters of the lung (P<0.05), and the incidences of radiation-induced esophagitis were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONWhen combined with the chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin, IMRT appears to be a more effective treatment than 3-DCRT for locally advanced esophageal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; therapy ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage

Objective To explore the predicted performance of cTnI for outcome or severity in children with sepsis.Methods 374cases of children with sepsis were collected in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in our hospital from August 2012to June 2015.The patients were dividided into the common sepsis group, severe sepsis group and sepsis shock group according to the sepsis severity, and improved group, uncured group and death group according to outcome, and the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group and the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group according to the levels of cTnI.Data on cTnI, PCT, CRP, Cr, Lac, PaO2/FiO2, BUN, PT, INR, WBC and PLT were collected in this study.Results The level of cTnI was significantly higher in children with septic shock (P<0.05) .The level of cTnI in improved group was significantly lower than those of uncured group and death group (P<0.05) .The incidence of severe sepsis and septic shock in the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group was significantly significantly higher than that of the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group.The levels of Lac, PT and INR in the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group were significantly higher than that of the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group (P<0.05) .A positive correlation between the level of cTnI and Lac (r=0.324) , or PT (r=0.291) , or INR (r=0.340) were found in the study (P<0.05) .Conclusion Sepsis is prone to be associated with myocardial injury, which is related to the severity and prognosis of sepsis.Insufficient circulatory perfusion, metabolic imbalance and abnormal coagulation function may be the reasons for the rise of cTnI and myocardial injury in children with sepsis.

Objective To evaluate the effects of polishing on surface roughness (Ra) and surfacefree energy (SFE) of three direct tooth-colored restorative materials.Methods Three direct tooth-colored restorative materials,composite resin(CR) ( Filtek Z350,3M ESPE,America),pre-reacted glass ionomer (Giomer) ( Beautifil Ⅱ,Shofu,Japan) and resin-modified glass ionomer ( RMGIC ) ( Fuji Ⅱ LC,GC,Japan),were placed in cuboidal models (8 mm × 8 mm × 2 mm),covered with mylar film and light-cured.The samples ( n =14) were polished with coarse,medium,fine and superfine instruments in series ( grit 60 μm→grit 30 μm→grit 20 μm→grit 7 μm).Surface roughness (Ra,μm) was determined with a profilometer.Surface contact angles (CA) with Glycerol,Ethylene glycol and distilled water were measured using an image acquisition system and surface-free energy was calculated.Ra and SFE of different materials before and after polishing were compared by SPSS one-way ANOVA (LSD/Dunnett T3 ).Results Before polishing,Ra and SFE of CR [ (0.098 ±0.019) μm,(31.78 ±2.14) mN · m-1] and Giomer [ (0.093 ±0.020) μm,(32.63 ±2.12) mN · m-1] were both lower than those of RMGIC [ (0.134 ±0.019) μm,(40.22 ± 1.05 ) mN · m- 1 ].After polishing,all three materials showed increased Ra,and there were significant differences among three materials(P ＜0.05):CR[ (0.141 ±0.018) μm] ＜ Giomer [ (0.185 ±0.013) μm] ＜ RMGIC [ (0.494 ± 0.075) μm].However,all three materials showed decreased γSTOT after polishing.There was significantly different among the materials ( P ＜ 0.05 ):Giomer [ ( 26.60 ±5.61) mN·m-1] ＜ CR [(29.16±5.73) mN· m-1] ＜ RMGIC [(32.30±3.83) mN · m-1].Conclusions The surface roughness and surface free energy were material type and polishing technique dependent.

Objective To investigate early adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (Sm) (UA159) on the surface of direct tooth-colored restorative materials.Methods Three direct tooth-colored restorative materials,composite resin (CR,Filtek Z350,3M ESPE,America),pre-reacted glass ionomer (Giomer,Beautifil Ⅱ,Shofu,Japan) and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC,Fuji Ⅱ LC,GC,Japan),were placed in fabricated models(8 mm × 8 mm ×2 mm),covered with mylar film and light-cured.The samples (n =5) were polished with disks in series (grit 60 μm、grit 30 μm、grit 20 μm、grit 7μm) (Supersnap,Shofu,Japan),then coated with artificial saliva for 2 h.Adhesion of Sm(UA159) on the surface of samples was investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) in conjunction with fluorescence staining technique after 2 h.The area covered by dead and vital adhesive bacteria(Ad,Av) and dead/vital bacteria ratio(Ad/Av) of different materials were measured with Image-Pro Plus 5.1 and compared using SPSS (K-Independent-Samples Tests/Kruskal-Wallis H).Results Under CLSM,adhesive bacteria,especially vital ones,were observed on the surface of all the three materials.Compared with RMGIC,CR and Giomer showed less dead and vital bacterial adhesion (P ＜ 0.05):Ad [M (Q)]:Filtek Z350 [0.007％(0.037％)],Beautifil Ⅱ [0.011％ (0.028％)] ＜ FujiⅡ LC[0.082％(0.082％)].Av[M(Q)]:Filtek Z350 [0.103％ (0.162％)],Beautifil Ⅱ [0.067％ (0.181％)] ＜ Fuji Ⅱ LC [0.690％(0.482％)].However,Ad/Av[M(Q)] of Beautifil Ⅱ [0.250(0.188)] was lower than the other two,Filtek Z350[0.069(0.125)] and FujiⅡ LC[0.114(0.051)] (P＜0.05).Conclusions Early adhesion of Sm on the surface of direct tooth-colored restorative materials were material type dependent.

This study was aimed to investigate the value of CD58 in evaluation of early therapeutic effect on childhood B-ALL. The expression features of CD58 in 135 cases of childhood B-ALL were analyzed by four-color flow cytometry; MRD detection protocol for B-ALL using CD58/CD10/CD34/CD19 combination was established; the correlation between the expression features of CD58 and MRD detection was analyzed for the early therapeutic response in childhood B-ALL. The results showed that the mean value of CD58 MFI in 135 cases of B-ALL was 113.08 +/- 63.33, which was significantly higher than that in 15 cases of normal bone marrow controls (14.68 +/- 5.26, P < 0.01). In addition, CD58 was over expressed in 51.9% (70/135) of B-ALL patients, indicating that CD58 could be an effective marker in MRD detection. The CD58/CD10/CD34/CD19 was the second most effective combination next to TdT/CD10/CD34/CD19 in B-ALL MRD detection with flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the positive rate of MRD detection by flow cytometry was significantly lower in CD58 over expression group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that CD58 may be used as an indicator for detection of MRD in B-ALL patients, which would enrich the combination of MRD detection. The CD58 over expression may be considered as a marker of a favorable prognosis in childhood B-ALL.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; immunology ; pathology ; CD58 Antigens ; analysis ; Child ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis