Fibrinolytic Agents ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced

Objective: To study the effect model of various fertilization combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and its effects on the yield of flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum (FCI) and linarin content. Methods: The "3414" mis-classification orthogonal design was used in the fertilization test of three factors (N, P, and K), quadratic regression design was adopted, and analyses on variance and the DPS were carried out by using C. indicum as material. Results: After statistical analysis, the optimized effect model of N, P, and K and the the relationship between the yield and quality of FCI were established. The optimum efficiency was the treatment with N2P2K2 in various fertilizations. No treatment or single treatment of N, P, or K could cause the reduction of yield and quality. Single-factor analysis showed that the yield and linarin content were first increased and then decreased steadily with the increase of the N, P, and K application. The two factor interaction analysis indicated that there existed an interaction range among N, P, and K with the yield as the index. Synergistic effect was observed while the amount of N, P, and K was lower than the range while antagonistic effect was observed while higher than the range. When taking the content of linarin as the index, the reaction between N-K and P-K existed a range, and the trend of linarin showed the same trend as the yield. While N-P always kept the synergistic effect. Conclusion: The optimal fertilization amounts in the optimized model of FCI are 131.280-187.254 kg/hm2 for N, 113.415-170.460 kg/hm2 for P, 118.335-220.845 kg/hm2 for K, respectively.

Computing the Nonlinear regressive (NLR) coefficients of electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms at different brain cortical areas for the mental fatigue caused by long-term cognitive task, the variations of NLR coefficients of EEG rhythms under different mental fatigue level are sought out. The experimental results show that the NLR coefficients of EEG rhythms can effectively characterize the changes of amplitude coupling at different brain cortical areas under different mental fatigue level. The NLR coefficient provides a powerful tool for the EEG functional coupling analysis of mental fatigue.
Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Electroencephalography ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Fatigue ; physiopathology ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To evaluate surgical therapies in patients with popliteal aneurysms (PA).Method The clinical data of 25 PA patients admitted from January 1988 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 21 men and 4 women,the mean age was (56 ± 16)years.There were 27 PA in these 25 patients,with bilateral PA in 2 cases.The main symptoms were pulsatile mass in the popliteal fossa,limb pain,acute or chronic distal limb ischemia and limb edema.Result In this series 23out of 25 PA cases recieved operations,17 of them were treated with aneurysmectomy and saphenous vein interposition or bypass grafting,4 of them were treated with aneurysmectomy and prosthetic grafts interposition,1 was treated with aneurism ligation and 1 underwent end-to-end anastomosis after aneurysm resection.There was no perioperative mortality.One patient recieved amputation for distal anastomotic thrombosis and severe limb ischemia.The mean follow-up time is (6.5 ± 0.5) years.After 4 years,a right subclavian artery aneurysm was found in a bilateral PA case and treated surgically.Conclusions Early elective surgical treatment is recommended for patients with PA because PA may go rupture or induce dital limb ischemia and these patients may have good outcome after surgical treatment.Long-term follow-up is warranted to detect the new aneurysm formation.

Objective To evaluate risk factors of the prognosis in acute arterial embolism of the upper extremities. Methods The clinical data of 62 consecutive patients admired in our hospital with the diagnosis of acute arterial embolism in the upper extremities, from July 1988 to January 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. The risk factors including age, gender, cardiac function, location of embolism, embolectomy and duration of iaehemia were analyzed by cumulative Loots regression. Results There were 62 patients, 33 men and 29 worsen, with a mean age of 63. 5 years (35～86 years). Among them, 37 patients received Fogarty embolectomy and 25 patients received medical treatment including thrombolysis, anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy because of poor risk for surgery. The iachemic status meliorated in 55 patients (88.7%) with 2 patients receiving amputation and 2 patients dying during the peri-operative period. The result of cursulative Logits regression shewed that the duration of ischemia, cardiac function and embolectomy played the significant role on the prognosis (P < 0.01 ), but age, sex and the location of embolism did not show the significant role. In those only receiving the medical treatment, 23 patients restored blood flow to different degree. Conclusions Embolectomy with Fogarty catheter within 8 hours of onset was the most effective treatment for acute arterial embolism in the upper extremities. For peor-risk patients, early medical treatment including thrombolysis, antieoagulation and antiplatelet treatment, can also restore the blood flow in the isehemie limbs.

Objective To report our surgical experience in treating 19 cases of solitary iliac aneurysms (SIA). Methods The clinical data of 19 consecutive patients with SIA between January 1985 and January 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 18 men and 1 woman, aging from 39 to 77 years ( mean 62 ± 7 years). Results There were 30 SIAs in the 19 patients, including 25 ( 83.3% ) common iliac aneurysms, 4 (13.3%) internal ihac aneurysms and 1 (3. 3% ) external iliac aneurysm. Eleven patients ( 57.9% ) had multiple ancurysms, with 9 patients ( 47.4% ) having bilateral SIA. Two patients had coexistent peripheral vascular occlusive disease. There were 2 patients suffering form ruptured SIA, one was saved by emergency operation and one died before an surgery could be attempted. Seventeen patients underwent successful open aneurysmectomy and artificial graft implantation leaving no ischemic complications of the pelvic organs. One patient with right common iliac aneurysm underwent endovascular repair without endoleak. There was no operative death during porioperative period. The surviving patients remained stable and had good patency of grafts during the follow-up period. Conclusions Early management of SIA is important, CT angiogarphy (CTA) is necessary not only to evaluate the SIAs, but also to detect multiple aneurysms or arterial occlusive disease. Close and long-term follow-up is mandatory for the early detection of the formation of new anearysms.

Objective To imitate the pathological process of bronchiolitis obliterans(BO) post lung transplantation and in-vestigate the phenomenon of epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in small airway epithelial cells and its relation to BO . Methods We established the rat model of allogeneic orthotropic left lung transplantation with grafts from F 344 rats transplanted to Lewis rats by the Tri-cuff anastomosis.Then rats were daily injected intraperitoneally with cyclosporine (5 mg· kg-1 · d-1 ) for 10 days, intratracheally applied with lipopolysaccharide(0.5 mg/kg) at the 28th day and killed at the 90th day post-surger-y.We observed the histological structure of the lung grafts by HE and Masson staining , detected E-cadherin and Vimentin ex-pression in lung grafts and normal ones of F344 rats by immunohistochemistry, then analyzed the relation between small airway remodeling and the alterations in EMT markers expression .Enumeration data was analyzed with Fisher exact test and Spearman rank correlation was applied in correlation analysis .Results We found inflammatory cell infiltration , fibroplasia of bronchiole walls and significant lumen stenosis in lung graft mesenchyma.In lung grafts, the positive expression of E-cadherin was 5(total 13), which was significantly lower than that in normal lungs(7/8, P<0.05), and conversely the positive expression of Vim-entin was higher than normal ones(10/13 vs 2/8, P <0.05).The Spearman rank correlation analysis demonstrated that E-cadherin expression bear a negative correlation with Vimentin expression(r=-0.750, P<0.01).Conclusion Our study established a disease model imitating the pathological process of BO .And EMT was observed in small airway epithelial cells of the BO-exhibited lung grafts, indicating that EMT was involved in the process of BO airway remodeling .Thus it may reveal no-vel therapeutic targets for BO post lung transplantation by further investigation into the mechanism and pathological significance of EMT in small airway epithelial cells.

Objective To investigate the executive function of children with different sports training. Methods Forty children with Ping-Pong training (Ping-Pong group) and 41 children with swimming training (swimming group), aged 6-9 years, completed GO/NOGO task. Behavioral data (reaction time and accuracy) and event related potential component N2 were collected and analyzed. Results The reaction time was significantly faster and accuracy significantly lower of GO task and NOGO task in swimming group than in Ping-Pong group (P<0.05 and P<0.01). There were significant differences in the amplitude of NOGO-N2 on site CPz between swimming group and Ping-Pong group[(-11.36±9.4) μV vs (-7.55±7.99) μV, P<0.05]. Conclusion The inhibitory function of children with Ping-Pong training is stronger than those with swimming training.

A cell model is desired for adipocyte differentiation investigation and for high-throughput screening of anti-obesity and anti-diabetes molecules from chemical resources due to the world wide epidemic of obesity and diabetes. In order to establish such a cell model, a plasmid of pPPARgamma2-promoter-EGFP was constructed by inserting a 660bp sequence of mouse PPARgamma2 promoter into the Ase I and Kpn I sites of pEGFP-N3 and transferred into 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. The cells were induced to differentiate and the expression of PPARgamma2 was detected by the microscopic observation of EGFP and by RT-PCR assays. The results showed that the EGFP gene expression patterns were similar to that of pPPARgamma2's, which indicated that the EGFP gene was transferred into the mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells, and its expression was under the control of pPPARgamma2 promoter. RT-PCR assays showed that the EGFP expression authentically represented the stable expression of PPARgamma2. In conclusion, a preadipocyte cell line expressing EGFP under the control of the promoter of adipocyte-specific expression gene PPARgamma2 was generated. The cell line provides a powerful approach for the research of adipocyte differentiation and for the high-throughput screening of anti-obesity and anti-diabetes chemicals.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Stem Cells ; cytology

To investigate the expression patterns of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor2 (PPARgamma2) gene in the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into adipocytes, mouse ES cells were transfected with the vector of pPPARgamma2-promoter-luciferase, and PPARgamma2 expressions were analyzed by detecting luciferase activities and by detecting the protein expressions using western blotting. The results showed that the gene PPARgamma2 did not express in undifferentiated mouse ES cells and in embryoid bodies (EBs) within the first 2 days of differentiation induction after EB formation, and began to express from the third day of differentiation induction after EB formation to the finish of the differentiation. The gene's expression in differentiated adipocytes was much stronger than that in differentiating preadipocytes. In Conclusion our results reported for the first time the five-step expression patterns of the gene PPARgamma2 during the whole differentiation procedures from mouse ES cells into adipocytes via preadipocytes, and supported the previous studies that PPARgamma2 is a fat-specific gene that expresses only in developed and developing adipose tissues.
Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Electroporation ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; PPAR gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transfection