Effects of Pb,Zn,Cu and Cd on growth and enzyme activities of microorganisms such as Bacillus licheniformis 2709,Bacillus subtilis1.398 and Aspergillus usamii 537,which can individually produce alka-line,neutral and acid protease,were studied,respectively. By determining growth and enzyme activities of three bacterial species,as well as analyzing their tolerance and resistance indicators(MTC and MIC) using growth inhibition plate analysis(GIPA) under different heavy metal gradients,results showed that four heavy metals under higher than a special concentration level significantly inhibited growth and enzyme ac-tivities of three species. The alkaline protease exhibited greatest adaptability to four heavy metals,next the neutral protease also exhibited certain adaptibilty to Zn and Cd,whereas the acid protease was totally inhib-ited under any levels of heavy metal concentrations. Three species not only showed great potential to tolerate and resist toxicity of lead and zinc(2.0 mmol/L-6.0 mmol/L) ,but also showed certain resistance to cad-mium(0.5 mmol/L-0.75 mmol/L) .

Aneurysm ; complications ; therapy ; Cardiac Catheterization ; instrumentation ; Child ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Septal Occluder Device

Background and Objective: Comparable data are sparse for infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in the Asia-Pacifi c region, and we aimed to establish a registry of patients with such diseases in the region. Methods: A network of neurologists in the Asia-Pacifi c Region was established to register patients with the targeted diseases. A standardized register form and relevant instructions in English, translated into the local language when needed, were prepared before the study start and used for data collection. Results: Eight study centres from different countries/areas participated in the study. In total, 857 patients with a validated diagnosis of different infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS were registered, 591 females and 266 males with a female-to-male ratio 2.2. The mean age at onset for all patients was 35.9 (SD: 12.9) years, signifi cantly younger (p = 0.010) for females (35.1 years, SD: 12.6 years) than for males (37.6 years, SD: 13.4 years). Conclusion: Patients with different infl ammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS were in the fi rst time registered in a multi-centre study from eight countries/areas in the Asia-Pacifi c region. A platform and basis has been established for further study in the fi eld.

OBJECTIVETo study the developmental phase on the growth and active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis.

METHODSeeds of wild plants were collected from Laiwu and sowed in Fangshan (Beijing) and Laiwu (Shandong). Samples of aerial and underground parts were collected in five growth periods of sprouts, seedlings, flowering, seed drop and withered periods respectively. The length of taproot, fresh weight of root, diameter of taproot and the length of stem were determined. The content of active compounds and total flavonoids were determined by HPLC and ultraviolet spectrophotometry respectively. The transcripted level of PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, C4H, 4CL, CHS, GUS and UBGAT were analyzed with RT-PCR.

RESULTThe results showed that the aerial part of S. baicalensis grew quickly before flowering stage, and the underground part grew mostly between the periods of flowering and withered. In the whole growing developmental periods, the content of total flavonoids was not changed significantly, the content of baicalin was increased gradually and the content of baicalein was decreased gradually. Expression level of PAL and 4CL was the highest in withered period, CHS was increased between flowering and seed drop and decreased in withered period.

CONCLUSIONSeedlings and withered periods may be the key phase affecting the growth and active compounds in S. baicalensis.

Acyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coenzyme A Ligases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Flowers ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Glucuronidase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glucuronosyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Stems ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seedlings ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Time Factors ; Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the efficacy and prognosis of haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA).Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 40 SAA cases undergoing haplo-HSCT from September 2013 to February 2018.The conditioning regimen contained cyclophosphamide,fludarabine and antithymocyte globulin with or without busulfan or low-dose total body irradiation.Cyclosporin A,short-term methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil were dosed for preventing graft versus host disease (GVHD).The median counts of mononuclear cell and CD34+ stem cell were 5.3(2.0～13.5) × 108/kg and 5.6 (1.6 ～ 15.9) × 106/kg respectively.Results Among them,hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved (n =36,90.0 ％).The median times for myeloid engraftment and platelet engraftment were 15(10-25) and 17(10～58) days respectively.The incidence of acute graft-versushost disease(aGVHD)was (35.0± 6.8) ％.The incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was (23.0 ±7.4) ％.And 28 SAA cases (70.0 ％) survived during a median follow-up period of 353(30～1226)days,The cumulative overall survival (OS) was (67.8 ± 7.8) ％,the average survival time (883 ± 82)days and transplantation-related death (TRM) within 100 days (10.0 ± 3.1) ％.Conclusions Haplo-HSCT is an effective treatment for SAA patients.And a larger number of cases are required for enhancing OS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of the patients with non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) complicated with HBV infection, so as to provide a basis for clinical accurate diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Methods: The data of 313 newly diagnosed NHL patients from August 2012 to July 2016 were collected. The HBV serological markers were detected by ELISA, and HBV DNA was quantified by full automatic microparticle chemiluminescence immunoassay (≥1×10(5) copies/ml as high copy group, 1×10(3)-<1×10(5) copies/ml as low copy group). The relationship between HBV infection and prognosis was analyzed combined with the clinical features of the patients, and the HBV detection rate was compared with that of the common population (from the national HBV sero epidemiological data). Results: ①The positive rate of HBsAg in NHL patients was 12.5% (39/313), which was higher than 7.2% in the general population (χ(2)=14.596, P<0.001). HBV infection in the past (HBsAg negative but HBcAb positive) in 114 cases (36.4%), the incidence was slightly higher than that in the general population (34.1%). ②Compared HBsAg positive group with the negative group, the proportion of B cell type (87.2% vs 70.3%, P=0.027), Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(69.2% vs 34.6%, P<0.001), IPI score 3-5 (74.4% vs 50%, P=0.004), LDH level (79.5% vs 47.8%, P<0.001) and liver involvement (45.5% vs 31.7%, P=0.006) were all higher. The difference was statistically significant. ③Compared the HBV infected group (114 cases) with the non-infected group (160 cases), the difference had statistical significance in the proportion of Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P=0.023) and IPI score 3-5 scores P=0.035). ④Compared HBV DNA positive group (30 cases) with negative group (71 cases), Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P=0.011), IPI score 3-5 score (P=0.030), LDH level (P=0.025) and liver involvement (P<0.001) in the proportion of patients had statistical significance. The positive patients were divided into HBV DNA high and low copy groups with 1×10(5) copies of /ml as the boundary. The results showed that there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: The HBV infection rate of NHL patients is significantly higher than that of the general population, and HBV infection is more closely related to B cell type NHL. Patients with HBV infection and HBV DNA positive had late Ann Arbor stage, high IPI score, high LDH level and liver involvement, and the prognosis is poor.
Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Prognosis

BACKGROUNDFemales with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher risk of adverse outcomes because of receiving less evidence-based medical care. Our aim was to investigate the gender disparity in early death after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the current era.

METHODSA total of 1429 consecutive patients with STEMI in the Liaoning district were analyzed. We compared hospital care and cardiac event data by sex for in-patients with acute STEMI within 24 hours of symptom onset.

RESULTSIn the emergency reperfusion group (n = 754), in-hospital mortality occurred in 4.2% of the males and 11.2% of the females (P = 0.001). In the non-emergency reperfusion group (n = 675), in-hospital mortality occurred in 13.0% of the males and 22.9% of the females (P = 0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed female sex as an independent risk factor of death for STEMI patients during hospitalization (OR = 1.691, P = 0.007). After controlling for patients who died within 24 hr after admission, female sex was no longer an independent risk factor (OR = 1.409, P = 0.259).

CONCLUSIONFemale sex was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality of STEMI patients, which is explained by an excess of very early deaths.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; mortality ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors

Inflammatory diseases are common medical conditions seen in disorders of human immune system. There is a great demand for anti-inflammatory drugs. There are major inflammatory mediators in arachidonic acid metabolic network. Several enzymes in this network have been used as key targets for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, specific single-target inhibitors can not sufficiently control the network balance and may cause side effects at the same time. Most inflammation induced diseases come from the complicated coupling of inflammatory cascades involving multiple targets. In order to treat these complicated diseases, drugs that can intervene multi-targets at the same time attracted much attention. The goal of this review is mainly focused on the key enzymes in arachidonic acid metabolic network, such as phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase and eukotriene A4 hydrolase. Advance in single target and multi-targe inhibitors is summarized.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Arachidonic Acid ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Epoxide Hydrolases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; drug effects ; Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors ; Phospholipases A2 ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; metabolism