· AIM: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of anterior lens capsule inclusion in combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery in preventing scar formation of the filtering bleb in rabbit model.· METHODS: Twerty-Four eyes (12 rabbits) with glaucoma model were studied, anterior lens capsule inclusion in trabeculectomy with the small-incision cataract surgery were performed on all right eyes (experimental group) and no implants were applicator in trabeculectomy with the small-incision cataract surgery on all left eyes (control group). These operated eyes were followed up from day 1 to 6 months postoperatively. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured and filtering blebs were observed after surgery. Other main outcome measures: cornea、conjunctiva、formation of the anterior chamber, anterior chamber depth、inflammatory reaction、achievement ratio of operation and complications were analyzed. On week 1, 2, 4, 12 and 24 after surgery the animal were killed in batch. Tissue was harvested from the bleb area and was made pathological section. HE staining、light microscope and micro photo analysis technique were applied to observe the cytological and histopathologic characteristics of the filtering tunnels.· RESULTS: There were significant differences between the two groups on IOP (1, 2, 4 weeks)、filtration bleb, achievement ratio of operation and complications. In experimental group, at the first month postoperatively, anterior lens capsule absorption started with inflammatory characteristics. The peak of inflammatory reaction occurred 1 week after operation and all the cells in the filtrating tunnel disappeared 6month after surgery. The fibroblast proliferation in control group occurred at I week and the filtrating tunnel closed with angiogenesis at 1 month after surgery. Fibroblast proliferation started 1week after surgery with no statistical difference during the time course (P ＞0.05). Significant statistical differences were observed by comparing the fibro blasts numbers per unit area in the filtrating tunnel in experimental group and those in control groups (P＜0.05).· CONCLUSION: Anterior lens capsule was totally absorbed at 6 months postoperatively. Anterior lens capsule inclusion in trabeculectomy with cataract surgery can possibly control intraocular pressure effectively, long-term sustainability of functional filtration bleb, inhibition of the proliferation of fibroblasts and opening of the filtrating pathway in the experimental animal models were satisfied. Compared to the control group, anterior lens capsule application has less complication.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and technical key points of genioplasty for the deformities of the chin.Methods 153 patients with chin deformities were treated with the genioplasty,and the chin was moved in any direction,including sagittally,vertically and transversely;the key points of this procedure were summarized.Results There was no severe complication such as infection or nonunion observed.15 patients had ecchymosis and faded in 2 weeks;33 patients had hypaesthesia and recovered in 12 weeks.With the 12-24 months follow-up,all the patients healed well with satisfactory aesthetic results.Conclusions The genioplasty is a reliable and efficient method for the deformities of the chin,and it can significantly improve the appearance of the chin.

Objective To compare the efficacy between autologous fat and hyaluronic acid in filling nasolabial grooves.Methods Sixty patients who wanted improvement of nasolabial grooves were involved in the study.They were randomly and equally classified into two groups:autologous fat injection group and hyaluronic acid injection group.Photographs were taken before,half a year,and one year after injection.The nasolabial grooves were also graded before,half a year,and one year after injection.The grade improvement was obtained after postoperative grade minus preoperative grade.If the grade improvement was more than 1 grade,the treatment was regarded as effective to evaluate the outcome between the two methods.Results The results of the two groups were tested by SPSS 13.0 software.The effects of the two methods were not significantly different after half a year of filling (P＞0.05).The difference was significant one year after filling (P＜0.05).In autologous fat injection,the patients had a long and magnificant swelling and redness around the nasolabial grooves;on the contrary,the patients who underwent hyaluronic acid had slight and short-time local reaction like swelling and redness.No other serious complications were found in both the groups.Conclusions The effects of the autologous fat and the hyaluronic acid are equal after half a year of filling.The autologous fat has a longer effect in one year.Both methods are safe and effective.Surgeons can select the method accordingly.

The aim was to study the protective effects of amifostine (AMF) on normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells against the chemotherapeutic damage from etoposide (VP-16). The cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNC), fresh and frozen peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), and HL-60 cells were divided into AMF, AMF + VP-16, VP-16 and control groups, each group cell viability was determined by using trypan blue exclusion test, the CFU-GM culture was used to count cells, the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that in CBMNC, fresh and frozen PBSC samples, cell viability and the number of CFU-GM in AMF + VP-16 group were all significantly higher than those in VP-16 group (P < 0.05); the CFU-GM incidence in AMF + VP-16 group was higher than that in VP-16 group, and the GFU-GM life in AMF + VP-16 group was also longer than that of latter, in CBMNC samples, the number of CFU-GM in AMF groups was higher than that in control group, but there was no statistical significance between the two groups (P > 0.05), in HL-60 cell apoptotic rate in AMF + VP-16 group was little higher than that in VP-16 group, but no statistical significance between these two groups (P > 0.05). It is concluded that AMF can significantly protect normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells against the damage from VP-16. Moreover, AMF does not affect cytotoxity of VP-16 on HL-60 cells, and can not stimulate the growth and differentiation of cord hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells directly.
Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Etoposide ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; HL-60 Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-1 (GFRα1) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in the intestinal tissue of children with Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), as well as the role of EZH2 in the regulation of GFRα1 gene expression and the pathogenesis of HSCR. METHODS: The samples of colon tissue with spasm from 24 children with HSCR after radical treatment of HSCR were selected as the experimental group, and the samples of necrotized colon tissue from 18 children with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis after surgical resection were selected as the control group. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression levels of GFRα1 and EZH2 in colon tissue in both groups. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were divided into an EZH2 over-expression group and a negative control group. The cells in the EZH2 over-expression group were transfected with pCMV6-EZH2 plasmid, and those in the negative control group were transfected with pCMV6 plasmid. The expression levels of EZH2 and GFRα1 were measured after transfection. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of GFRα1 and EZH2 in colon tissue (P<0.05), and the protein expression of EZH2 was positively correlated with that of GFRα1 (r=0.606, P=0.002). Compared with the negative control group, the EZH2 over-expression group had significant increases in the expression levels of EZH2 and GFRα1 after SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with EZH2 over-expression plasmid (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low expression of EZH2 in the colon tissue of children with HSCR may be one of the causes of inadequate expression of GFRα1 and onset of HSCR.
Child ; Colon ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors ; genetics ; Hirschsprung Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; RNA, Messenger

Objective To explore the effect of salmon calcitonin on osteoporosis induced by spinal cord injury. Methods 100 patients with osteoporosis induced by spinal cord injury from September 2011 to September 2014 in our department were included. They were randomly divided into control group (n=50) and observation group (n=50). The control group received vitamin D3 only, while the observation group received vitamin D3 combined with salmon calcitonin on the basis of rehabilitation physiotherapy, for 6 months. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain was evaluated in different periods. The bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, the parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone gla protein (BGP) and 1,25- dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) were tested and recorded. Results The VAS score was lower in the observation group than in the control group 1, 2, 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.001). The BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck was significantly higher, the PTH and BGP were significantly lower and the 1,25-(OH)2D3 was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group after treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion Combination of salmon calcitonin can effectively reduce the bone pain and improve the BMD in patients with osteoporosis induced by spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic value of imageology of giant cell tumour of tendon sheath (GCTS) including X-ray, CT and MRI.

METHODSThirty-five patients with GCTTS confirmed by operation and pathology were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 19 females. The average age was 39.4 years, ranged from 7 to 66 years. All the patients underwent X-ray examination, 8 patients underwent CT examination, and 16 patients underwent MRI examination.

RESULTSThere were 2 patients in knee joint, 6 patients in ankle joint, 1 patient in capitulum radius, 2 patients in wrist joint, 14 patients in hand and 10 patients in foot. Ten cases were the diffuse form, and 25 cases were the focal form. The X-ray results: the slightly high density soft tissue mass surrounding the bone were shown in 32 cases, 3 cases were normal. The bone erosion were shown in 9 cases, the obvious destruction of bone were shown in 5 cases. CT results: The soft tissue mass and the destruction of bone were shown clearly. MRI results: On T1WI, the signal intensity of GCTTS almost was similar to those of skeletal muscle in 9 cases and was slightly lower than those of skeletal muscle in 7 cases. On T2WI, the signal intensity presented mainly hypointensity with patchy isointensity or hyperintensity signal. A little of fluid was shown in 6 cases.

CONCLUSIONX-ray can demonstrate the lesion and erosion of bone, destruction of bone can clearly be shown on CT. The low intensity signal on MRI T1WI and T2WI is the characteristic appearance of GCTTS. And it can clearly show the lesion range and type of GCTTS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumors ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Tendons ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUNDRecently, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) was considered as a novel anti-tumor agent. However, it showed severe toxicity effect on normal tissue at the same time. To improve its therapeutic efficacy and decrease its toxicity,we prepared arsenic trioxide-loaded albuminutes immuno-nanospheres [As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1] targeted with monoclonal antibody (McAb) BDI-1 and tested its specific killing effect against bladder cancer cell.

METHODSAs2O3-HAS-NS was prepared by chemical cross-linking method. Monoclonal antibody BDI-1 was purified with ammonium sulphate saltingout and chromatography. Albuminutes microspheres were conjugated with McAb by SPDP cross-linking method. Concentration of As in As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 and As2O3-HAS-NS was measured by atomic fluometry method. As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 and its activity were detected by SDS-PAGE reduction electrophoresis, indirect immunofluorescence test, light microscope and scanning electron microscope observation. Acridine orange staining and tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation tests were used to indicate specific killing activity of As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 in vitro.

RESULTSIn As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 groups, we saw two protein bands in SDS-PAGE reduction electrophoresis. Albuminutes immuno-nanospheres were rounded with clear green fluorescence by immunofluorescence test. Under microscope, we observed that BIU-87 cells were covered with the As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 and that As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 moved with the BIU-87 cells. The albuminutes immuno-nanospheres were tightly junctioned with the BIU-87 cells. Specific killing activity of As2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 on bladder tumor cells was observed by acridine orange staining and 3H-TdR incorporation assays.

CONCLUSIONSAs2O3-(HAS-NS)-BDI-1 might bind specifically against BIU-87 cells, thus leading to high activity of killing bladder tumor cells.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nanotubes ; Oxides ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Serum Albumin ; pharmacology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

Objective To estimate the dose-response relationship between sedentary behavior with mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 17786 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited as participants, who were included in National Basic Public Health Service in Changshu County of Suzhou City, Qinghe District and Huai'an District in Huai'an City of Jiangsu Province. Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline model were employed to estimate the dose-response relationship between sedentary behavior with all-cause and cause specific mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Among 78114.34 person-years of the fo1low-up, the median of follow-up time was 4 years, and 1285 deaths occurred during that period. Compared to patients with sedentary behavior≤2 h/d, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause death associated with sedentary behavior levels of 3-4 h/d, 5-6 h/d, and≥7 h/d were 1.05(95％CI 0.92-1.20), 1.20(95％CI 1.03-1.42), and 1.39 (95％CI 1.16-1.65), respectively. Eevry increase of 1 h/d in sedentary behavior was associated with an increased hazard of death from cardiovascular disease(CVD) of 4％(HR=1.04, 95％CI 1.01-1.07) and from other causes of 6％( HR=1.06, 95％CI 1.03-1.09) . However, no significant association between sedentary behavior and malignant tumor death was found. The multivariable restrictive cubic spline regression indicated that the linear dose-response relationships were found between sedentary time with the all-cause, CVD cause, and other cause of mortality ( Non-linear test, P>0.05) . Conclusion Longer sedentary behavior could increase the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore the control levels of blood glucose,blood lipid,blood pressure(BP),and body mass index(BMI)in the community-managed patients with type 2 diabetes in Jiangsu and to provide the basis for better management of type 2 diabetes in communities. Methods From December 2013 to January 2014,20 053 patients with type 2 diabetes and have received disease management according to the National Basic Public Health Service were recruited in Changshu County of Suzhou City, Huai'an and Qinghe Districts of Huai'an City. Questionnaire survey, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were conducted. According to the Chinese guidelines for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment(2013),the control levels of blood glucose,blood lipid,BP, and BMI were assessed. Results Among 20 053 patients with type 2 diabetes,the proportions for controlled fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and HbA1Cwere 31.4% and 41.9% respectively,and 25.3% of the patients simultaneously achieved goals of FPG and HbA1Ccontrol. There were 23.9%,55.7%,75.5% and 24.2% of the patients met goals for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), respectively. Only 10. 3% of the patients achieved all the 4 targets of blood lipid. Furthermore,there were 25.4% and 35.9% patients achieved BP and BMI targets respectively,and the control rates for BP and BMI of females were higher than those of males(all P<0.05). Less than 1% of the patients had all eights indices controlled at target levels. Conclusions The achievement of comprehensive targets among community patients with type 2 diabetes remains poor in Jiangsu. Follow-up and management of type 2 diabetes should be strengthened in communities,health education and comprehensive intervention on disease complications should also be reinforced accordingly.