Recent patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes in fresh-water and brackish-water fish were studied in three locations of the river Taewha during the period from April to October 1988, and compared with the data reported previously in the same river. Of 16 species of fish examined, the encysted larvae of Cyathocotyle orientalis were found most frequently from 9 species of fresh-water fish. The metacercariae of Echinochasmus sp., Metacercaria hasegawai and Metagonimus yokogawai were found 8 species, those of Clonorchis sinensis from 7 species, and Exorchis oviformis and Metorchis orientalis from 5 species of fish. The infection rates of fish with C. sinensis metacercariae were not lower than those reported in 1980, wheres their intensity of infection was found lowered in 3 species, Coreobagrus brevicorpus, Gnathopogon atromaculatus, and Puntungia herzi. The infection rates of 3 species of fish with M. yokogawai metacercariae were lower than the results in 1982, while the rate was higher in 2 species, Zacco platypus, and Z. temmincki, and rather stationary in Plecoglossus altivelis. The intensity of infection in several species of fish appeared rather higher than in 1980. the encysted larvae of C. orientalis, Echinochasmus sp., E. oviformis and Metacercaria hasegawai showed variations in infection rates of fish in 1980 and in the present study. It was found that the rate of infection with digenetic larval trematodes in fresh-water fish was still relatively high in the river Taewha, and the metacercarial burden in the fish varied greatly by different fish in 1980 and in the present study.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Cyathocotyle orientalis ; Echinochasmus sp. ; Metacercaria hasegawai ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Exorchis oviformis ; Metorchis orientalis ; Coreobagrus brevicorpus ; Gnathopogon atromaculatus ; Puntungia herzi ; Zacco platypus ; Z. temmincki

In September 1998, a case of nosocomial cutaneous myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) in a 77-year-old male was found. The patient had been receiving partial maxillectomy due to the presence of malignant tumor on premaxilla. This is the first verified case involving Lucilia sericata in Taegu, Korea. In the present paper, the salient morphological features of the third instar larvae involved have been studied.
Aged ; Animals ; Cross Infection/*parasitology ; Diptera/ultrastructure ; Face ; Human ; Larva/ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Myiasis/*parasitology ; Skin Diseases, Parasitic/*parasitology ; Surgical Wound Infection/*parasitology

Adult Clonorchis sinensis were collected from the biliary passage of nine cases of medico-legal autopsies. The worms were washed repeatedly with tap water and rinsed twice with physiological saline. Incubation took place in Tyrode's medium in order to recover live worms. The number of worms surviving in the medium was determined. The rate of surviving worms showed an unexpectedly high percentage (22.8%) in those cases autopsied 2 days after death. The surviving worm burden dropped sharply to 6.3 and 9.2 percent for those samples taken 5 days after death.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; autopsy

A study was required to evaluate the prevalence of clonorchiasis among school children in the 7 differnet schools located near the Gumho basin and to determine the effectiveness of the anticlonorchis campaign conducted in that area. Surveys for Clonorchis sinensis and the worm burden in the same areas were compared for the period 1960-1970. Both surveys concentrated on children in grades 1-3 ranging from 6-11 years old. They were examined using primarily intradermal tests with Clonorchis antigen and followed by stool examinations. Stool examinations consisting of the formalin-ether sedimentation(Ritchie, 1948 ) and the Stoll egg-count techniques were performed in those cases which revealed positive and doubtful intradermal reactions. The overall prevalence rate for clonorchiasis was reduced from 13.4 per cent to 4.1 per cent. There was also a significant reduction in the worm burden, suggesting that no clonorchiasis will be found among chileren in the near future. In connection with this survey, the prevalence rate for intestinal helminths in 1960 was compared with 1970. The rate for Ascaris lumbricoides had decreased, while the rates for Trichuris trichiura and Trichostrongylus species had increased. No fluctuation in the rate of hookworm was observed during the past 10 years. Clearly, the present survey denotes a requirement for a combined procedure of health education and mass survey with intradermal testing. It has been found that these methods not only greatly reduce the prevalence of clonorchiasis but also is followed by the marked reductions of the worm burdens of the children examined.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-nematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichuris trichiura ; Trichostrongylus species ; epidemiology

In order to determine the prevalence of Necator americanus, 182 fecal samples were collected from school children in the Taegu vicinity. These sample were subsequently cultured by the Harada-Mori technique. Necator americanus was differentiated from Ancylostoma duodenale using the bases of morphological characteristics of filariform larvae. Necator americanus was not found in the vicinity of Taegu.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda- Necator americanus ; epidemiology

No abstract available.
HIV-1* ; Humans* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

In order to determine the seasonal prevalence and population density of vector mosquitoes in Kyungpook province, a survey based on average number of female mosquito per trap-night, were carried out during the period from May to November in 1984. Among the 34,571 mosquitoes collected in Kyungsan county in animal shelters and human dwellings by light traps, approximately 45.0 % were Culex tritaeniorhynchus, 34. 0 % per cent Culex pipiens pallens, and 19.0 per cent Anopheles sinensis. By comparison, distribution of mosquito species in Ankang town, in which Japanese encephalitis had been reported in the past, were quite different and A. sinensis was the most abundant species, being constituted in 75.8 per cent, followed by C. tritaeniorhynchus(23. 2 percent), and C. pipiens pallens(0. 6 per cent). In the general patten of seasonal prevalence, C. tritaeniorhynchus first appeared in mid-June, and trapped in large numbers during the periods from mid-August to early September, showing a simple sharply pointed one-peaked curve, while C. pipiens pallens was found to be active through almost the entire season showing irregular curves with several peaks. The trend of seasonal distribution of A. sinensis was similar to that of C. tritaeniorhynchus, but the earliest dates of appearance and disappearance different form that of C. tritaeniorhynchus. The results of hourly catches of mosquitoes by human baited traps have clearly shown the differences in the biting rhythm among the vector mosquitoes of this province, such as the facts that C. tritaeniorhynchus and A. sinensis are rather constantly active all through a night with more or less inconspicuous peaks twice a night, while C. pipiens pallens exhibits an irregular curve, and the numbers of A. vexans nipponii, C. vagans and Armigeres subalbatus are very small and are not sufficient for estimating the biting rhythm. Four genera and fourteen species of larval mosquitoes collected from eighteen kinds of habitats which classified according to the categories followed by Bates(1949). The main breeding sites contributing to peak C. tritaeniorhynchus adult densities in this surveyed areas were evidently ricefields, ground pools, puddles and swamps and marshes, etc. Summarizing the results, this study indicated that the highest population density of C. tritaeniorhynchus was encountered in late August and early September, showing simple sharply pointed one-peaked curve.
parasitology-arthropoda ; mosquito-epidemiology ; Culex tritaeniorhynchus ; Culex pipiens pallens ; Anopheles sinensis

In order to determine the epidemiological patten of the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, the locality where the snail, Parafossarulus manchouricus, is abundant, the infestation rates for the cercarial and metacercarial larvae of digenetic trematodes in the snail and fish hosts, and the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in the vicinity of river Taewha, Kyungnam Province, Korea were studied from March 1979 to September 1980. Four snail habitats were found in the river Taewha. The population density of the snail per square meter of the habits ranged from 10 to 500, with an average of 150. Among the 4 snail habitats, three, Baek-cheon, Sa-yeon and Taewha had snails infected with the cercaria of Clonorchis sinensis, and the proportion of infested snails in the three habitats was very low, the average being 0.59 per thousand. Four species of fresh-water fish, the bullhead, Coreobagrus brevicorpus, the Korean shiner, Gnathopogon atromaculatus, the flat bitterling, Paracheilognathus rhombea, and the striped shiner, Pungtungia herzi among ten species of fish examined harbored the metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. The intensity of infestation with the cyst of Clonorchis sinensis in the four species of fish was low. The approximate number of the cysts per gram of flesh was between 3.5 in Paracheilognathus rhombea and 21.5 in Gnathopogon atromaculatus. Seven kinds of laval tremathodes, Clonorchis sinensis, Cyathocotyle orientalis, Echinochasmus species, Exorchis oviformis, Metacercaria hasegawai, Metagonimus yokogawai and Metorchis orientalis were found from ten species of fish examined. In general, the infestation rates for the encysted larvae of digenetic trematodes varied from fish to fish. The infection rate for Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in the vicinity of river Taewha was relatively high, 22.2 percent by the formalin-ether sedimentation technique, and the difference in the rate of infection between males and females found to be siginificant(t>2). Of these, the rate was 12.4 per cent in 483 elementary school children and 17.7 percent in 761 middle and high school students. The results obtained in the present study indicate that endemic foci of Clonorchis sinensis exist in the river Taewha and the prevalence of the liver fluke among the residents is still high.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; epidemiology

Nishimura in 1943 indicated for the first time that a serious endemic focus of Clonorchis sinensis is located in the vicinity of Yeong-cheon(Kyungpook Province, Korea). Later, numerous surveys of this fluke in the Province have been made, but no additional report on the endemic focus of the fluke has been available. The overall percentage of Clonorchis sinensis infections, based on the discovery of eggs by the formalin-ether sedimentation technique, was found to be 54.8 percent from 851 residents in Nakjeon ri (village), Danmil myun, Uiseong gun (county), Kyungpook Province and no significant difference was observed in the sex specific rate of the individuals infected. There is a high incidence of infection with Clonorchis sinensis. The infection rate in the age group from 0 to 4 years was 14.6 per cent, 5 to 9 years was 35.7 per cent and 10 to 14 years was 51.7 per cent. In the worn burdens for residents, the average number of egg-counts was 41,800. It is found that a serious endemic focus of Clonorchis sinensis exists in the vicinity of Nakjeon village.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Clonorchis sinensis ; epidemiology ; formalin-ether

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pepsinogen A*