No abstract available.

Primary aldosteronism is a disease that the stimulus for the excessive aldosterone production residues within the adrenal gland. It was first described by conn in 1955. And many cases were reported by physicians at present in the world. But it is relatively rare in Korea, probably due to lack of attention and medical facilities. Only about 13 cases have been reported at present. The clinical, biochemical feature in l case of primary aldosteronism caused by adrenal hyperplasia that was diagnosed at Yeungnam University Hospital was observed and the following result were obtained. 1. Clinical feature: The present case was 27-year-old woman who was admitted due to general weakness and easy fatigability. The above mentioned chief complaints occurred 8 months prior to admission when she delivered of second baby by cesarean section. Symptoms such as above chief complaints, intermittent muscle paralysis and cramping were noticed. Trousseau's sign was also present. The average blood pressure ranged from 170/90 to 200/120 2. Biochemical abnormalities: Severe hypokalemia lower than 2.5 mEq/L was presented and 24 hours urine potassium showed markedly increased urinary loss (228 mEq/day). Plasma rennin activity was decreased under normal range with furosemide administration. (Basal renin; 0.01 ng/ml/hr, stimulated rennin 0.12 ng/ml/hr). Saline suppression test revealed markedly elevated levels of aldosterone higher than normal range (Basal aldosterone; 320.68 pg/ml stimulated aldosterone; 451.86 pg/ml). And posture test showed decreased plasma rennin activity and increased plasma aldosterone level. 3. Adrenal CT scan revealed no abnormal findings. 4. Treatment and course: Spironolactione was given at OPD with regular follow-up. Her blood pressure ranged from 150/90 to 160/100 and symptoms were improved. The effect of treatment was satisfactory and further follow up would be performed.
Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Aldosterone ; Blood Pressure ; Cesarean Section ; Chymosin ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Furosemide ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism* ; Hyperplasia* ; Hypokalemia ; Korea ; Muscle Cramp ; Paralysis ; Plasma ; Posture ; Potassium ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values ; Renin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Distraction osteogenesis techniques have provided more than a clinical treatment of limb length discrepancies and bone deformities. The nature of this mechanical environment and the characteristics of the regenerate bone are not typical of that found elsewhere in the skeleton. The purposes of this study were to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of regenerate bone in different consolidation period (sacrificing at the period of 8, 12, 18, 20, 24, 26 weeks post surgery) and to find out the relationship between both properties. Two ring Ilizarov fixators were applied to the right tibia in 7 large, skeletally mature dogs. A subperiosteal osteotomy of tibia was performed. Postoperatively, after 7 days of latency period, distraction was begun. Distraction of 1mm daily, 3 times per day was continued until radiographic evidence of a 2.5 cm distraction. Sacrifice was at 8, 12, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 weeks post surgery. Allof the specimens were obtained from regenerate bone and were cutted in the rectangular shape of approximately 8x4x4 mm. Specimens were tested in axial compression and displayed an average modulus of elasticity of 215(sd=184)Mpa, an average yield stress of 3.58(sd=2.54)MPa, an average apparent bone density of 0.399(sd=0.107)g/cc, and an average ash weight density of 0.164(sd=0.084)g/cc. A linear regression of yield stress on modulus of elasticity was significant(p < 0.001) with R-square=0.28, and a slope of 0.007. The radiographic bone densitometry was performed before sacrifice. The results of densitometry of regenerate bone was osteoporotic comparing with those of the opposite tibia which did not be operated in all of the animals. The linear regressions of mechanical properties on physical properties were significant, only 12-34% of the variance in mechanical properties could be explained by the physical properties. In conclusion, based on the observation of the low ash fraction, it would be expected that the relationship between physical properties and mechanical properties may not be strong. This study suggested that the regenerate bone was a composite of bone and non-mineralized tissue until 26 weeks of post surgery. For the more accurate information of material property, testing of real regenerate bone without non-mineralized bone may be necessary.
Animals ; Bone Density ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Densitometry ; Dogs ; Elastic Modulus ; Extremities ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; Linear Models ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Osteotomy ; Skeleton ; Tibia

Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from the undifferentiated fibrous tissue of bone and one of the mostcommon pirmary malignant tumors of bone. The diagnosis of osteosarcoma is based one can be diagnosed with areasonable degree of confidence from the conbination of the lesion site, age and radiological findings. This is aclinical and radiological observation of 40 cases of osteosarcoma which were experienced at Chonnam NationalUniversity Hospital, Chosum University Hospital and Kwangju Christian Hospital from 1978 to 1981. The results wereas follows; 1. The peak incidence was in the age group from 10 to 19 years in 21 cases (52.5%). 2. In sexdistribution, male group showed slightly higer incidence than in female group with the ratio of 1.35;1. 3. Themost commonly affected site was proximal tibia(35%). The lesion was found around the knee in 65% of the studiedcases. 4. Increment of the level of serum alkaline phosphase was observed in 25 cases (62.5%), and the averagevalue of serum alkaline phosphature in these cases was 5.6 Bessay Lowry units. 5. Radiographically, osteoblastictype was 14 cases (35%), and soft tissue mass shadow with calcification was observed in 34 cases (85%). 6.Cortical destruction was observed in 30 cases (75%), and soft tissue mass shadow with calcification was observedin 34 cases (85%). 7. Solid periosteal reaction, sunburst periosteal reaction and Codman's triangle were observedin 35%, 57.5% and 22.5% respectively. 8. At the first visit, lung meatastasis was found in 5 cases (12.5%) andinguinal lymphnode metastasis in 2 cases (5%)
Diagnosis ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Knee ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteosarcoma ; Sulindac

No abstract available in English.
Femur Neck

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Spine*

BACKGROUND: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) and deliberate hypotension (DH) are methods used for reducing homologous transfusions in cases of massive intraoperative bleeding. Using the technique of combining ANH and DH, we can save more homologous blood than a single use of ANH or DH, but the risk of tissue hypoxia may increase. METHODS: Fourteen male dogs were used for this study and divided into two groups. After performing ANH by 25 ml/kg, mean arterial pressures were reduced to 60 mmHg by sodium nitroprusside (S group) or esmolol (E group). The critical oxygen delivery and the hemoglobin concentration at the critical oxygen delivery were determined by measurements of hemodynamic change, systemic oxygen delivery and systemic oxygen consumption during subsequent hemodilution. RESULTS: After performing ANH by 25 ml/kg, the cardiac output was significantly increased, and systemic vascular resistance and hemoglobin concentration were significantly decreased compared with control values. The critical oxygen deliveries were 179.6 ml/min in the S group and 169.1 ml/min in the E group. There was a difference in mean systemic oxygen consumption between the S group (123.4 +/- 16.7 ml/min) and E group (112.9 +/- 15.4 ml/min) above the critical oxygen delivery point (mean +/- SD). The hemoglobin concentrations at the critical oxygen delivery were 2.6 +/- 0.7 g/dl in S group and 4.0 +/- 1.3 g/dl in E group (mean +/- SD). CONCLSIONS: The critical oxygen delivery during hemodilution under DH by sodium nitroprusside was 179.6 ml/min and by esmolol was 169.1 ml/min. However, esmolol was higher in hemoglobin concentrations at the critical oxygen delivery than sodium nitroprusside. These results suggest thathemodilution under DH by esmolol rather than sodium nitroprusside requires more careful monitoring of systemic oxygen delivery for prevention of tissue hypoxia.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs* ; Hemodilution* ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypotension* ; Male ; Nitroprusside* ; Oxygen Consumption ; Oxygen* ; Sodium* ; Vascular Resistance

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis*

No abstract available.
Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal* ; Spinal Puncture*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lipoproteins* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*