Minichromosome maintenance proteins are novel cell proliferation markers. These proteins have demonstrated clinical values in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and screening, and have shown promising potentials in targeted treatments of cancer.

This paper analyzes the explore the factors influencing the TCM clinical pathway using the fishbone dragram. We found that the main impacting factors of TCM clinical pathway were government policy factors, hospital management factors and personal factors. It was suggested to promote Chinese medicine clinical pathway pilot job, not only need to cooperate with the administrative departments of health and medical institutions, also need to strengthen the change of the idea of both doctors and patients.

Child ; China ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Public Health Practice

Child ; Disease Susceptibility ; etiology ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants ; Health Status ; Humans

Child ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning ; prevention & control

Objective To evaluate the survival benefit of amphotericin B (AmB) plus flucytosine or fluconazole for treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated cryptococcal meningitis.Methods The following database were searched from the beginning to October 2013,including Cochrane library,PubMed,OVID,Embase,Wanfang Date,CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Database,and the references of eligible studies were manually screened.Reference lists of relevant articles were screened according to selection and extraction criteria.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2.Results Four prospective controlled studies with a total of 399 patients with cryptococcal meningitis were identified,including 386 patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis and 13 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients.Two hundred and twentyseven patients were treated with AmB and flucytosine combination therapy,including 217 patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis and 10 HIV-negative patients.One hundred and seventy-two patients were treated with AmB and fluconazole combination therapy,including 169 patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis and 3 HIV-negative patients.The Meta-analysis revealed that the mortality rate in AmB plus flucytosine combination therapy group was 6.6％ (95％ CI:18.5％-31.6 ％) at two weeks point,which was significantly lower than that in AmB plus fluconazole combination group (19.7％,95％CI:-23.6％-62.9％; OR=0.51,95％CI:0.27-0.93,P＜0.05).But at 10 weeks point,the mortality rate in flucytosine combination group was 12.9％ (95％oo CI:-22.2％-48.0％),which was lower than that in fluconazole combination group (31.4％,95％ CI:-23.1％-85.9 ％).However,there was no statistically significant difference between these two groups at 10 weeks point (OR=0.70,95％CI:0.44-1.13,P=0.15).Conclusion Administration of AmB plus flucytosine at early stage can reduce the mortality rate in patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis.

Objective A comparative study of clinical factors and dose-volume histogram (DVH)parameters on the impact of radiation pneumonitis occurred in the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of lung cancer (lung target)and mediastinal tumors and esophageal (mediastinal target).Methods Review 83cases lung cancer,mediastinal tumors and esophageal patients,and analyzed with chi-square tests on the correlation of the clinical factors (gender,age,tumor location,stage,chemotherapy) with radiation pneumonitis;have relevance analysis between the DVH parameters of two targets and radiation pneumonitis; lung target and mediastinal target volume DVH parameters compared to the t-test.Results ≥2 radiation pneumonitis was 36.5 ％.≥2 radiation pneumonitis occurred in various clinical factors had no significant effect.DVH parameters of the two targets,V5,V10,V20,V30,whole lung dose (MLD) were significantly related to RP.Two targets of RP patients V5 [(50.9±17.8) ％,(69.9±20.4) ％],V10 [(38.6±15.2) ％,(53.5±18.8) ％] were statistically significant by t-test (t =2.434,P ＜ 0.05),while V20 (t =0.388,P ＞ 0.05),V30 (t =0.005,P ＞ 0.05) and MLD (t =0.138,P ＞0.05) were no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05),so the same results with the two targets of patients without RP obtained.Conclusion In the lung target and mediastinal target of radiotherapy radiation pneumonitis is related with DVH parameters,especially V20,V30 and MLD impact on the occurrence of RP.

Objective To discuss the relationship between the fracture of the clavicle which was fixed by tor-sional-shaped plate and nonunion after operation.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted in 426 patients with midshaft clavicle fractures.Among the patients,the A group used torsional-shaped plate to meet the anatomical structure of the clavicle:the medial plate matched under the front face of the clavicle,and the lateral plate matched the up face of the clavicle.And the traditional method was used in the B group.Patients were followed up for at least 12 months,the patients were judged by X-ray criteria for nonunion.Results A total of 28 patients with nonunion, including 4 cases in A group,24 cases in B group.After statistics processing,the difference between A group and B group was significant (χ2 =6.679,P=0.010).Conclusion We find that the treatment of the fracture of the middle part of the clavicle with torsional-shaped plate can effectively reduce the incidence of nonunion.

BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine has been shown to fight against ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by tourniquets. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of dexmedetomidine on the oxidative stress and inflammatory damage caused by tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: Seventy-six patients scheduled for lower limb operation were randomized into two groups: patients in dexmedetomidine group were given the intravenous injection of 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine for 10 minutes, followed by 0.5 μg/kg?h until the end of operation; while the controls were subjected to 0.9% saline injection at an equivalent velocity and volume. The levels of serum propanediol, lactic dehydrogenase, superoxyde dismutase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and -8 were detected before tourniquet inflation, 10, 60 and 120 minutes after tourniquet release. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In both two groups, the serum levels of propanediol, lactic dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and -8 after tourniquet release were significantly higher and the serum superoxide dismutase level was significantly lower than those before tourniquet inflation (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the serum levels of propanediol, lactic dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and -8, and increased the serum superoxyde dismutase level after tourniquet release (P < 0.05). These results suggest that dexmedetomidine can attenuate the oxidative stress and inflammatory damage resulting from tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury probably by up-regulating the serum superoxyde dismutase level, and down-regulating the serum levels of propanediol, lactic dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and -8.

Objective To investigate the association between the polymorphism of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and plasma level of hs-CRP in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods 548 patients with acute ischemic stroke were considered to be the case group and 993 age-matched healthy controls were randomly selected from community-based population.Three tagging SNPs of the CRP gene (rs876537,rs3093059,and rs3091244) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The plasma hs CRP levels were measured by routine method and multiple logistic regression was applied to evaluate genetic effect on plasma hs-CRP level.Results (1) The hs-CRP concentration and elevation (≥3.0 mg/L) proportion were significantly higher in case group than in control group [(3.534 ± 3.484) mg/L vs.(1.957 ± 2.344) mg/L,43.1％ vs.16.6％,t=10.74 and 23.45,both P＜0.05].(2) Compared with controls,the case group had higher conventional vascular risks,including higher blood pressure [SBP:(145.33 ± 22.11) vs.(134.92±19.48) mmHg,t=14.30,P＜0.05; DBP:(88.14±12.72) vs.(81.42± 12.44) mmHg,t=12.44,P＜0.05],higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [(2.714±0.904)vs.(2.286 ± 0.704) mmol/L,t =9.72,P＜ 0.05],and lower concentration of high-density lipoproteincholesterol [(1.213±0.317) vs.(1.438±0.262) /L,t=-12.89,P＜0.05].(3) Both rs876537 and rs3093059 polymorphism of CRP gene showed statistical associations with elevation of plasma hs-CRP level in case group.After adjusted for covariates including age,sex,hypertension,type 2 diabetes and other factors,additive model and dominant model of rs3093059 showed that the adjusted ORs (95 ％ CI) were 1.548 (1.103-2.171),1.562 (1.070-2.281) respectively (both P＜ 0.05).And ORs (95％ CI) of additive model and dominant model of rs876537 were 1.368 (1.067-1.753),1.719 (I.190-2.482) respectively after adjusted for covariates (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Plasma hs-CRP concentration is significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than in healthy population.The polymorphism of rs876537 and rs3093059 of CRP gene has association with elevation of plasma hs-CRP level in ischemic stroke patients.