No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Spiral Ganglion*

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic bacteria constitute a major part of the normal flora of the human skin, mucous membrane and intestinal tract, and can cause various infections. The incidence of anaerobic infections may differ greatly, depending on each country or hospital. METHODS: We evaluated the recent trends of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens at Severance Hospital from 1986 to 1995. Specimens were cultured using thioglycollate medium and phenylethanol blood agar (PEBA) for 2-3 days under anaerobic condition. Identification of organism was based on conventional or commercial kit systems. RESULTS: During this period, a total of 2,664 isolates of anaerobic bacteria were obtained from 2,251 clinical specimens. The average number of anaerobes per specimen was 1.2. The frequent sources of isolation were specimens from the abdomen, followed by soft tissue, and head and neck. B. fragilis (46.3%) was the most frequently isolated gram-negative bacilli, and P. magnus (37.6%) and C. perfringens (18.8%) were the most frequently isolated gram-positive anaerobes. Abdominal, soft tissue, and head and neck infections were frequent clinical conditions. Among the anaerobe-positive specimens, only 16.8% yielded anaerobe alone while the remaining 83.2% revealed mixed infection with aerobic bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that B. fragilis is the most common species among gram-negative bacilli, and that P. magnus is the most common among gram-positive cocci. As well, the anaerobes are frequently isolated from specimens of the abdomen, head and neck, and soft tissue; and anaerobic infections are commonly mixed with aerobic bacteria.
Abdomen ; Agar ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Bacteria, Anaerobic* ; Bacteroides fragilis ; Coinfection ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; Skin

The authors did clinical analysis for 37 cases, ranging from 5 to 13 year old of age and following result obtained. 1. In group I partial involved type had brightful prognosis even in the neglected the cases. 2. Ischeal brace did not give any help to group II & III but in group I, it gave some help to the prognosis. 3. In untreated cases of old age group developed early arthritic changes. 4. The inital radiological bony changes in early L-C-P. cases was the demineralization of the subchondral area and subsequently subohondral vaccum phenomena followed.
Braces ; Humans ; Prognosis

The authors did a clincal analysis of 95 cases of the osteomyelitis. Among them 72 were hematogenous in origin: 12 were secondary to open fracture: 6 were direct extension from adjascent soft tissue infection: 5 were complicated after open reduction of fracture, who were treated at Dept. of Orthopedics of Catholic Medical College for past 3 years from 1968 to 1971. Through this study following result were obtained: 1. Most of the patient were under age of 16 Years, In acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, over 80% of patient were under age of 12 years. Males were more frequently affected than females. 2. Generally, femur, tibia and humerus were most frequently affected than the others. In acute osteomyelitis, distal femur and proximal tibia were the most frequent site of involvement. 3. In acute osteomyelitis, early decompression, like drilling or fenestration operation gave more satisfactory result than the simple soft tissue drainage. Immediate surgical intervention with massive antibiotics administration is stressed without hesitation when diagnosis is made. The group treated within a week after onset gave relatively good result in this series. 4. Primary closure of the wound in acute osteomoelitis were considered not to be the good method which is usually adopted as procedure in the chronic type. 5. In the chronic osteomyelitis, continuous tube irrigation after saucerization was adopted when the bony defect is large. Primary closure of the wound were adopted in the case when surgical defect is small in size less than 4cm in diameter. 6. Treatment of the osteomyelitis complicated after open reduction of the fracture were generally treated with focal curettage and removal of fixative device when clinical union is evident, also fixative devices were out even in the group which were not united clinically but redisplacement is expected not to take place. In this group external support was given until fracture healing. Bony window was also made for drainage when cavitary change develped around the tip of nail.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Curettage ; Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Female ; Femur ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Humerus ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

A case of hypertrophic interstitial neuropathy in a 32 years old man developed in the median nerve is reported. This is a rare disease characterized by thickened peripheral nerves which may be palpable and visible. This case was treated by excision of transverse carpal ligament and external and internal neurolysis.
Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy ; Ligaments ; Median Nerve ; Peripheral Nerves ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cyclosporine* ; Humans ; Nephrosis, Lipoid*

Melanoacanthoma is an extremely rare pigmented benign mixed epithelial tumor of both melanocytes and keratinocytes. A 52-year-old female presented an asymptomatic, slightly elevated, 1. 2 cm x 0. 8 cm, dark black-colored plaque on her right buttock of 2 years' duration. Histopathologic finding of the plaque shows hyperkeratosis, focal parakeratosis, follicular plugging, acanthosih, papillomatosis and pseudo-horn cyst in the epidermis. The tumor is composed of basaloid and squarnous cells with many foci of clusters and whorls of melanin pigment-laden cells. Electron microscopic finding reveals many scattered melanocytes in the entire epidermis. Melanin granules are found mostly in the melanocytes but can also be found in a few keratinocytes.
Buttocks ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Middle Aged ; Papilloma ; Parakeratosis

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hair* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as a cause of deleterious effects in the setting of coronary reperfusion, and they are believed to be generated by the xanthine oxidase system, from activated neutrophiles and from mitochondria. We evaluate the contribution of mitochondria to the production of oxygen free radicals and clarify the mechanism of cellular damage in ischemic reperfused hearts. METHODS: Mitochondria isolated from the ischemic rabbit hearts were incubated in the reaction conditions with different oxygen tensions. Generation of superoxide anion and activities of defensive enzymes aginst oxidative stress were mesured. RESULTS: Superoxide anion genertion by mitochondria incubated in 21% oxygen condition were 0.54+/-0.09 and 0.27+/-0.04(O2./min/mg protein) in ischemic mitochondria and in control respectively(P<0.05). Activites of defensive enzymes against oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly reduced in mitochondria isolated from either ischemic or reperfused hearts. With the lapse of respiration in 21% oxygen condition, ADP-stimulated state 3 oxygen consumption(306.4+/-31.5 vs 214.4+/-11.4n atoms O/min/mg protein) at 30 minutes, P : O ratio and phosphorylation rate were significantly decreased in ischemic mitochondria. CONCLUSION: Elevation of oxygen free radical generation as well as the reduction of defensive enzyme activities in ischemic reperfused mitochondria are injurious to mitochondrial respiratory function. It may contribute to the mechanism of cellular damage in ischemic reperfused hearts.
Free Radicals ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Heart* ; Mitochondria* ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Neutrophils ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Phosphorylation ; Respiration ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides* ; Xanthine Oxidase

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of neuropathic pain is estimated to occur in about 30-50% of all diabetic patients. Clinical symptoms vary depending on the nerves affected, and may include both positive and negative symptoms. Many patients with DPN experience pain or discomfort, anxiety, depression, and limitations in activity, which can significantly impact their physical, emotional, and social well-being. Early diagnosis is essential for the successful management of DPN. Routine management consists of glucose and risk factor control, and symptomatic relief, along with therapies designed to target the underlying disease pathology. Pharmacological treatment of DPN includes tricyclic compounds, serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors, the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid, anticonvulsants, opiates, membrane stabilizers, topical capsaicin, and other drugs. Management of DPN must be tailored to each individual, and depends on a variety of factors, including disease severity and response to treatment.
Anticonvulsants ; Anxiety ; Capsaicin ; Depression ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Early Diagnosis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Membranes ; Neuralgia ; Pathology ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Serotonin ; Thioctic Acid