Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma(ASPS) in an unusual tumor of soft tissue, it has invariably ended in death from disseminated disease, and the lung has been the most common site of metastasis, but the brain was the 3rd most common site of metastasis. That proportion seems 0.4% of all soft tissue sarcoma. Clinical, pathological, and radiological features of metastatic cerebral lesions resulting from ASPS are presented. Angioarchitecture, and radiotherapic finding and chemotherapy are discussed. The unusual juxtaposition of the tumor cells to the endothelium seems responsible for the highly vascular appearance of the lesion on angiography, the frequency of hematogenous spread, and the grave, although delayed, prognosis. The purpose of this paper is to be report ASPS which has never been reported in Korea yet, with some references.
Angiography ; Brain ; Drug Therapy ; Endothelium ; Korea ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part* ; Viperidae

A rare and tremendous skull metastasis from the follicular thyroid carcinoma is reported with review of the articles. Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid with distant metastasis is considered a relatively progressive tumor associated with poor five-year survival rate. The insidious character of the primary growth of the thyroid carcinoma is the long latent period which supervenes between the recognition of the primary growth and its secondary metastasis. The clinicopathological features, plain X-ray and C-T findings are discussed.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Skull* ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of head monted display based home-visits virtual reality simulation (HVRS) program developed for undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a non-synchronized design was utilized and 84 participants (experimental group, 44; control group, 40) were recruited from August 31, 2020 to November 8, 2020 in Gwangju metropolitan city. The HVRS program consisted of scenarios of three nursing cases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. Data were analyzed SPSS version 25.0 for Windows. Results: At the completion of HVRS, significant differences were found between groups in knowledge of home-visits (t = 4.73, p < .001), self-confidence (t = 6.63, p < .001), self-efficacy (t = 3.13, p = .002), and clinical competency (t = 4.13, p < .001). No significant difference was shown between groups in nursing knowledge about strokes, a subcategory of knowledge pertaining to home visits. Conclusion The HVRS program developed for undergraduate nursing students is effective in improving knowledge of home-visits, self-confidence, self-efficacy, and clinical competency for nursing students.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of head monted display based home-visits virtual reality simulation (HVRS) program developed for undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a non-synchronized design was utilized and 84 participants (experimental group, 44; control group, 40) were recruited from August 31, 2020 to November 8, 2020 in Gwangju metropolitan city. The HVRS program consisted of scenarios of three nursing cases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. Data were analyzed SPSS version 25.0 for Windows. Results: At the completion of HVRS, significant differences were found between groups in knowledge of home-visits (t = 4.73, p < .001), self-confidence (t = 6.63, p < .001), self-efficacy (t = 3.13, p = .002), and clinical competency (t = 4.13, p < .001). No significant difference was shown between groups in nursing knowledge about strokes, a subcategory of knowledge pertaining to home visits. Conclusion The HVRS program developed for undergraduate nursing students is effective in improving knowledge of home-visits, self-confidence, self-efficacy, and clinical competency for nursing students.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Gangwon-do* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Humans

Authors experienced a rare case of ophthalmofacial-diencephalic arteriovenous malformation, named Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome in 12 year-old girl. Clinically patient had an episode of frequent bleeding from the nose and gingival. Also she was left blindness of which the ophthalmologist gave the warning for cerebral hemorrhage because of the tangled, engorged vessels in left fundus. The multiple nidus on angiography revealed on left intraorbital, maxillopalatal, hypothalamic and basal ganglia area. Surgery underwent for huge intracerebral hematoma. The patient passed away due to rebleeding 15 months after initial hemorrhage.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Basal Ganglia ; Blindness ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Child ; Diencephalon ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Nose ; Orbit

Backgroud: In one-lung ventilation using the left-sided double-lumen tube (LDLT), it is important to place the LDLT in correct position to maintain adequate ventilation. We investigated the frequency of and the factors affecting the LDLT malposition in endotracheal intubation. Methods: Ninety one (55 male and 36 female) patients were observed. After endotracheal intubation, using 35 and 37 Fr. sized Robertshaw type LDLT, auscultation and fiberoptic bronchoscope were performed to make sure the correct position of LDLT. The heights, weights, age, and sex were noted. The lengths and diameters of trachea, and the angles and diameters of both bronchi on chest x-ray were measured for comparison. Results: Normal in auscultation and gross malposition were 87.9% and 12.1%. Among those normal in auscultation, normal in bronchoscope, advancing and removing fine malposition were 66.2%, 18.8% and 15.0%, respectively. The angle of left bronchus is 37.71+/-4.60degrees in normal in ausculation and 37.71+/-4.60degrees in gross malposition. The length of trachea is 13.41+/-0.90 cm in normal in bronchoscope, 14.49+/-0.78 cm in advancing fine malposition and 11.86+/-0.35 cm in removing fine malposition. The patient's height is 167.27+/-7.12 cm in normal in brochoscope, 172.45+/-6.67 cm in advancing fine malposition and 163.12+/-6.54 cm in removing fine malposition. Conclusions: The angle of left bronchus is a factor affecting gross malposition. And the length of trachea and the patient's height are factors affecting fine malposition. Thus it is necessary to obtain in advance information on patient's height, length of trachea and angle of left bronchus on chest x-ray, to reduce the occurrence of the LDLT malposition.
Auscultation ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopes ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Thorax ; Trachea ; Ventilation ; Weights and Measures

The aim of this study is to determine whether the posterior cervical fusion methods with the plate-screw system applied to the lateral mass of cervical spine are radiologically safe to patients. The lateral cervical X-rays and CT scans were done on 40 normal adults without cervical problem. Based on Roy-Camille and Magerl's method, the theological trajectory of screw was shown on films and the parameters were measured. The study based on Roy-Camille's method showed less than one percent chance of injury on the facet joint and the mean depth of the screw to be 10.5+/-1.4mm. On the other hand, Magerl's method showed the mean depth of screw to be 11.9+/-1.5mm which is slightly larger than that of Roy-Camille's method and no chance of facet injury occurred. A reduced lateral angle of screw (19.6+/-3.5 degrees) performed with the concept based on Magerl's method resulted a longer depth of screw (13.5+/-2.1mm). Both Roy-Camille and Magerl's methods seemed to be radiologically safe to normal persons. However, the authors recommend the reduced lateral angle (19.6+/-3.5 degrees) of screw based on the Magerl's method more than an original Magerl's methods.
Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Cervical Vertebrae/*radiography/*surgery ; Female ; Human ; Male ; *Spinal Fusion ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods

BACKGROUND: Ideal condition of endotracheal intubation after administration of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants like vecuronium is the time when the diaphragm and upper airway muscles are completely relaxed. But these muscles are difficult to determine the degree of relaxation. Neuromuscular response of these muscles are similar to that of orbicularis oculi (OO), but adductor pollicis (AP) is different. However, it is sometimes difficult to monitor OO response. The purpose of this study was to monitor the upper airway muscle relaxation using AP other than OO. METHODS: Fourty-four adult patients of ASA class 1 schaduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were examined. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2 mcg/kg, and 2 minutes later followed by thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg. After supramaximal stimulation for control twitch height, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg was intravenously injected and applied continuous train-of-four (TOF) facial nerve stimuli. The TOF response of OO was closely observed with examiner's naked eyes. When complete relaxation of OO achieved, TOF ratio of AP and the time after vecuronium injection were recorded. Thereafter, tracheal intubation was performed and the intubating condition scores was recorded. Ulnar nerve stimuli were continuously applied until complete relaxation of AP was achieved. The time of complete relaxation of AP after vecuronium injection was also recorded. RESULTS: The onset time of complete relaxation was significantly faster in OO (181.3+/- 47.4 secs) as compared with that of AP (265.0+/-67.8 secs). The average TOF ratio of AP was 47.3+/-17.2% and the condition of intubation performed after complete relaxation of OO was satisfied. CONCLUSION: The optimal time for endotracheal intubation was about 3 min after vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg injection, when TOF ratio of AP was about 50%.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Diaphragm ; Facial Nerve ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Muscle Relaxation ; Muscles ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; Relaxation ; Thiopental ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide*