Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign pathological condition of bone in which normal cancellous bone is replaced by immature woven bone and fibrous tissue. Surgical recontouring aims to remove the excess fibrous bone and achieve acceptable symmetry. Conventional surgery which depends on visual exposure and the surgeon’s assessment during the procedure poses a great challenge in obtaining a predictable surgical outcome especially in bilateral presentation. Recent advances in surgical technology may overcome this challenge. Herein, we present a case of 23 years old Chinese lady who underwent bilateral inferior mandibulectomy for monostotic fibrous dysplasia. The aims of this surgery were to recontour the mandible symmetrically via extraoral approach while preserving the inferior alveolar nerves and mental nerves with the aid of a surgical guide. A stereolithography model of the patient’s mandible was produced using the computed tomography (CT) scan data in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format to assist in the surgery. Simulation with SurgiCase software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) was utilised in creating the customised surgical guide. The autoclavable surgical guide was manufactured by rapid prototyping technology and used intraoperatively to define the osteotomy line for mandibular recontouring. Virtual surgical planning greatly assists surgeons to deliver a good surgical result.

Objective To detect the feasibility of magnetically labeled swine bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells(MSCs)with SHU 555A combined with poly-L-arginine(PLL),under MR imaging in vitro and in vivo.Methods Swine mesenehymal stem cells were isolated and culture-expanded 3 passages in vitro,then magnetically labeled by incubation with SHU 555A(25?g Fe/ml,Resovist,Schering)for 24 hours with 750 ng/mL poly-L-lysine(PLL;average MW_275 kDa)added 1 hour before incubation.Cellular iron incorporation and detention at 0 d,4 d,8 d,12 d,16 d,20 d after labeling was qualitatively assessed using Prussian blue and quantified at atomic absorption spectrometry.Cell viability was assessed by trypan-blue exclusion test.Cell suspensions underwent MR imaging with T_1-and T_2-weighted spin-echo and fast field-echo sequences on a clinical 1.5 T MR system.At last,1?10~6 SHU 555A labeled and unlabeled MSCs were transextracardially implanted into the infracted and normal myocardium approximately 2 week following the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery in 1 swine respectively,and finally performed 1.5-T MRI within 1 week after infarction.Results①Intracytoplasmic particles stained with Prussian blue stain were detected for all cells with mean cellular iron content of(13.13?2.30)pg per cell.With division of stem cells, the stained particles decreased gradually with iron content(0.68?0.20)pg per cell.at 16 days after labeling, approximately to the prelabeled baseline values.(0.21?0.06)pg per cell(P＞0.05).The viability of the labeled cells at various time points were not significantly different with that of nonlabeled cells(P＞0.05).②MR images showed signal intensity changed most obviouly in T2*WI in vitro.The percentage change of signal intensity increased with increasing cell numbers,and decreased with the time.As few as 5?10~4-1?10~5 cells could be detected by using this approach.③Two injected sites containing MR-MSCs were detected in vivo,presentingas low signal intensity areas with the T_2*WI scanning sequence.Conclusion Swine bone marrow MSCs can be labeled with SHU555A-PLL and depicted with a standard 1.5-T MR imager in vitro and in vivo.(J lntervent Radiol,2007,16:115-121)

OBJECTIVETo investigate the target cells and molecules with sodium valproate induced differentiation of human glioma cells.

METHODSNude mice bearing human glioma xenogenic graft subcutaneously were treated with sodium valproate. The expressions of HDAC1 and Tob genes of xenografts were analyzed with semiquantitative RT-PCR. The CD133+ cells (BTSCs) were isolated from glioma specimens by immunomagnetic sorting, and cultured in the medium containing FCS or in the serum-free medium supplemented with growth factors, respectively, followed by treatment with sodium valproate in vitro for 21 days. The cell surface markers were detected with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.

RESULTSSodium valproate inhibited the growth of subcutaneous xenografs bearing on nude mice (P<0.05), and up-regulated the HDAC1 expression (P<0.01), down-regulated the Tob expression (P<0.05). The cell surface markers of BTSCs were detected by flow cytometry after sodium valproate treatment for 21 days. In the FCS group, the GFAP or beta-tubulin III positive cells increased significantly (P<0.01), but in the growth factor group, no statistical differences were observed in the GFAP or beta-tubulin III expression (P>0.05). The results of confocal microscopy indicated that the GFAP+ or beta-tubulin III+ cells coexpressed with Nestin.

CONCLUSIONSHDAC1 and Tob genes were the potential target molecules in reversion of the differential inhibition of human glioma cells with sodium valproate. The BTSCs undergoing the processes of differentiation were the target cells for sodium valproate.

AC133 Antigen ; Actins ; analysis ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; analysis ; Glioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Glycoproteins ; analysis ; Histone Deacetylases ; genetics ; Humans ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; analysis ; Nestin ; Peptides ; analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Valproic Acid ; pharmacology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; methods

Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Cytokines ; secretion ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Endocytosis ; Fenofibrate ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; toxicity ; Monocytes ; cytology ; PPAR alpha ; agonists ; physiology

OBJECTIVEDendritic cells an hyperinsulinemia are both implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of high concentration of insulin on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) and related signal transduction pathways.

METHODSHuman monocytes were purified (over 98%) using Anti-CD14 micro-beads and cultured for 5 days with DC Cellgro medium containing rhGM-CSF (100 microg/L) and rhIL-4 (20 microg/L). Immature DC were then incubated with insulin of various concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100 nmol/L) for 24 hours in the presence or absence of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) or PD98059 (MAPK inhibitor). Immunophenotypic expression of CD86 and CD83 were detected using flow cytometry. Endocytosis function of the MoDCs was evaluated using FITC-Dextran and MoDCs secretion IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were measured by ELISA.

RESULTSInsulin induced significantly higher CD83 and CD86 expressions on MoDCs in a dose-dependent manner. The endocytosis function of MoDCs were significantly inhibited and cytokine secretions of IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha significantly increased by 10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L insulin. These effects could be blocked by the LY294002 and PD98059.

CONCLUSIONHyperinsulinemia contributed to atherosclerosis via stimulating immune maturation of MoDCs via both PI3K and MAPK pathways.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Monocytes ; cytology ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVEThis article reports a population genetic study on six short tandem repeat(STR) loci, D7S820, D19S253, D12S391, D5S818, D16S539 and D8S1179, in a sample of unrelated Chinese Han individuals(n=122-173) living in Hebei province.

METHODSDNA extraction from blood samples (200 in number) and multiplex amplification of the above six loci were carried out. Using denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver stain, the authors investigated the distribution of allele frequencies of the six loci in Han population in Hebei province.

RESULTSThe STR polymorphisms at all of the six loci were observed in Chinese Han population in Hebei province. The observed heterozygosities of D7S820, D19S253, D12S391, D5S818, D16S539 and D8S1179 were 0.828, 0.757, 0.769, 0.837, 0.785 and 0.852, respectively. The measured values of the power of discrimination (PD) were 0.914, 0.919, 0.940, 0.909, 0.917, 0.944; of the mean exclusion chance(MEC) 0.618, 0.740, 0.801, 0.557, 0.655, 0.696 and of the polymorphism information content (PIC) in Chinese 0.771, 0.760, 0.762, 0.708, 0.776 and 0.794, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe genotype distributions of the six STR were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The numerical values of the PD and MEC are relatively high in Hebei province, and thus can be of significant application in population genetics and forensic medicine.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; DNA ; analysis ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Population Groups ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics ; physiology

Our earlier research has shown that mono-substituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamide exhibited much higher anti-cancer activity than the lead compound sodium dichloroacetate (DCA). In this paper, a variety of multi-substituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamides were synthesized and biologically evaluated. The results showed that 3, 5-disubstituted N-phenyl-2, 2-dichloroacetamide analogues had satisfactory potency. Among them, N-(3, 5-diiodophenyl)-2, 2-dichloroacetamide had an IC50 of 2.84 micromol x L(-1) against non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 and could induce cancer cell apoptosis.
Acetamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship

BACKGROUNDIn cardiology, it is controversial whether different therapy strategies influence prognosis after acute coronary syndrome. We examined and compared the long-term outcomes of invasive and conservative strategies in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and characterized the patients selected for an invasive approach.

METHODSA total of 976 patients with acute NSTEMI were collected from December 2006 to October 2012 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Hospital. They are divided into conservative strategy (586 patients) and invasive strategy (390 patients) group. Unified follow-up questionnaire was performed by telephone contact (cut-off date was November, 2013). The long-term clinical events were analyzed and related to the different treatment strategies.

RESULTSThe median follow-up time was 29 months. Mortality was 28.7% (n = 168) in the conservative group and 2.1% (n = 8) in the invasive management at long-term clinical follow-up. The secondary endpoint (the composite endpoint) was 59.0% (n = 346) in the conservative group and 30.3% (n = 118) in the invasive management. Multivariate analysis showed that patients in the conservative group had higher all-cause mortality rates than those who had the invasive management (adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 7.795; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.796-16.006, P < 0.001), and the similar result was also seen in the secondary endpoint (adjusted RR = 2.102; 95% CI: 1.694-2.610, P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis according to each Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk score (TRS), log-rank analysis showed lower mortality and secondary endpoint rates in the invasive group with the intermediate and high-risk patients (TRS 3-7).

CONCLUSIONSAn invasive strategy could improve long-term outcomes for NSTEMI patients, especially for intermediate and high-risk ones (TRS 3-7).

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To better understand the pathogenesis of obstructive jaundice (O J),a variety of rat OJ and biliary drainage models have been tried;however,complications are still common.We aimed to establish a stable rat model of OJ using microsurgical techniques,and to assess its reversal by internal bile drainage(IBD).Methods:After the pilot study,we developed a standardized surgical procedure.All operations were carried out under an operating microscope.In the first laparotomy,the proximal common bile duct (CBD) of the rat was ligated and transected.A tube was introduced into the distal end of the duct,and the other end of the tube was sealed and fixed.In the second laparotomy,the drainage tube was inserted into the (by now markedly dilated) proximal CBD,and ligated into position.We evaluated the general condition of the rats,the status of the liver and pancreas before and after IBD.Results:Complications such as intestinal reflux and bile duct blockage,were not found.Pancreatic injury was not evident by day 4 after the first laparotomy.After biliary drainage,the serum glucose and albumin concentration rapidly returned to normal levels.Liver weight/body weight ratio increased.The biochemical indicators and ultrasonographic elastography results for the liver gradually returned to normal.Conclusion:Using microsurgical techniques,we have developed a stable rat model of OJ reversed by IBD.

OBJECTIVESTo compare the efficacy and feasibility between intracoronary and hypodermic injection of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on improving cardiac function in a Swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.

METHODSEighteen Swine underwent placement of ameroid constrictor on left circumflex coronary artery. The presence of myocardial ischemia was verified at four weeks after the operation, and the animals were then randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6 each): (1) administration of vehicle (control), (2) hypodermic injection of G-CSF (5 microgxkg(-1)x;d(-1)) for five days (IH), and (3) intracoronary injection of a bonus G-CSF (60 microg/kg) (IC). Coronary angiogram, cardiac MRI, and (18)F-FDG-SPECT/(99m)Tc-SPECT (DISA-SPECT) measurements were performed at pre-administration and at 4 weeks post administration. Global heart function such as left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVSDV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial perfusion, myocardial viability and myocardial infarct area were evaluated. Myocardial vWF, Bcl-2 and Bax expressions were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.

RESULTSMRI data showed that left ventricular dilation and dysfunction were similarly prevented in IH and IC G-CSF treated animals at eight weeks after the operation. SPECT revealed that both IH and IC G-CSF equally improved the regional contractility of chronic myocardial ischemia and increased myocardial viability. Myocardial infarct size was also reduced after both G-CSF treatments as detected by MRI. Intracoronary injection of G-CSF did not lead to angiogenesis in other organs. G-CSF treatments were also associated with a significant reduction in myocardial apoptosis and significant increase in angiogenesis.

CONCLUSIONSBoth intracoronary and hypodermic injection of G-CSF were safe and feasible and could equally improve cardiac function and increase angiogenesis in this Swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia.

Animals ; Coronary Vessels ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; therapy ; Recombinant Proteins ; Swine