No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Pyelonephritis*

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of CT in the evaluation of mediastinal nodal metastases of non-small celllung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 1994 and June 1997, 178 patients with non-small cell lung cancer underwent thoracotomy and full nodal sampling. The results of preoperative CT scanning and of pathologicexamination of regional lymph node metastases were compared. Each scan was prospectively interpreted by one chestradiologist. Mediastinal lymph nodes were localized according to the lymph node mapping scheme of the AmericanThoracic Society and were considered abnormal if they exceeded 10mm in short-axis diameter. All accessible nodeswere either removed or sampled during thoracotomy. RESULTS: Of the 178 non-small cell lung cancers, 90 weresquamous cell carcinoma, 60 were adenocarcinoma, 13 were brochioloalveolar carcinoma, ten were large cellcarcinoma, and five were others (basaloid, 1; sarcomatoid, 1; spindle cell, 1; adenosquamous cell, 2). A total of615 mediastinal nodal stations were obtained. The sensitivity of CT for the diagnosis of mediastinal nodemetastasis on a station-by-station basis was 21%, with a specificity of 93% (squamous cell carcinoma: 21% and 91%;adenocarcinoma: 20% and 95%, respectively). Sensitivities were higher for groups 7 and 5. In 13 bronchioloalveolarcarcinomas, no lymph node metastasis was found on either CT or pathologic examination. The sensitivity of CT forthe diagnosis of mediastinal node metastasis on a per-patient basis was 43%, with a specificity of 83%. CONCLUSION: Because of the relative insensitivity of CT for the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastasis, nodalsampling with mediastinoscopy or thoracotomy is essential in the staging work-up of non-small cell lung cancerother than bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes* ; Mediastinoscopy ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thoracotomy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) are rare catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors but can be life-threatening. Although most PPGLs are benign, approximately 10% have metastatic potential. Approximately 40% cases are reported as harboring germline mutations. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of PPGLs is crucial. For more than 130 years, clinical, molecular, biochemical, radiological, and pathological investigations have been rapidly advanced in the field of PPGLs. However, performing diagnostic studies to localize lesions and detect metastatic potential can be still challenging and complicated. Furthermore, great progress on genetics has shifted the paradigm of genetic testing of PPGLs. The Korean PPGL task force team consisting of the Korean Endocrine Society, the Korean Surgical Society, the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine, the Korean Society of Pathologists, and the Korean Society of Laboratory Medicine has developed this position statement focusing on the comprehensive and updated diagnosis for PPGLs.

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) are rare catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors but can be life-threatening. Although most PPGLs are benign, approximately 10% have metastatic potential. Approximately 40% cases are reported as harboring germline mutations. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of PPGLs is crucial. For more than 130 years, clinical, molecular, biochemical, radiological, and pathological investigations have been rapidly advanced in the field of PPGLs. However, performing diagnostic studies to localize lesions and detect metastatic potential can be still challenging and complicated. Furthermore, great progress on genetics has shifted the paradigm of genetic testing of PPGLs. The Korean PPGL task force team consisting of the Korean Endocrine Society, the Korean Surgical Society, the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine, the Korean Society of Pathologists, and the Korean Society of Laboratory Medicine has developed this position statement focusing on the comprehensive and updated diagnosis for PPGLs.