Supracondylar fracture is the most frequent injury of the elbow and frequently accompanies complications in children. Seventy two cases of supracondylar fractures have been treated and managed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Medical College during the period from Jan. 1969 to Dec. 1972. The evaluation of fracture was done according to the classification of Holmberg and Hoyer. Among 72 cases of the supracondylar fracture, the most common type is 29 cases of Grade 2: (40.2%). Most cases were treated conservatively, and various method of treatment were adopted according to the condition of fracture. Residual angular deformities after successful manipulative reductiion can be accurately evaluated roentgenographically by the Baumanns method. Good results were obtained in 62.6%, fair results in 33.3%, and poor results in 4.1%. The incidence of cubitus varus deformity is 37.5%. There were no instance of ischemic contracture and no permanent neurological deficit in fracture cases.
Child ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Ischemic Contracture ; Methods

Dieulafoys lesion consists of abnormally large gastric submucosal artery which ruptures into the stomach causing massive or recurrent intragikstric bleeding. The lesion is very small and easily overlooked even at laparatomy and aan only be correctly diagnosed by endoscopy or arteriography if the patient is actively bleeding. Three patients who were admitted with bleeding of upper gastrointestinal tract and eventually diagnosed as having Dieulafoys lesions were analysed. All were men with age range of 44 to 55 years. All patient were asymptomatic before presenting with hematemesis. Two of the three patients had had history of upper Gl bleeding. One patient used analgesics daily for ureteral colic and two patient drank alcohol excessively. Gastroscopy was performed during the bleeding episode in all three patients. Dieulafoy's lesion was seen in all three cases and in the second case, there was concomittent diffuse petechia in the whole stomach. The lesion was situated on the posterior wall of upper body in one, on anterior wall of upper body in another, lesser curvature side of gastric fundus in the other case. All three patient underwent laparotomy for persistent bleeding and the lesion was suture ligated only in two patients while in one patient vagotomy and pyloroplasty was added. Resection biopsy was performed in two cases and both revealed only normal gastric mucosa. All patients discharged after complete recover.
Analgesics ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Gastric Fundus ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastroscopy ; Hematemesis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Renal Colic ; Rupture ; Stomach ; Sutures ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; Vagotomy

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Tenosynovitis*

PURPOSE: The admission rates for pediatric asthma are increasing annually and are partially responsible for the increased rates of readmission. Selections of children with a high-risk of readmission and aggressive treatments of them may improve treatment outcome and cost- effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk factors affecting readmission in cases of bronchial asthma in children. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 95 cases under 14 years of age who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Kyung-Hee University, from March 1996 to February 1997 and divided them into readmission and first admission group. RESULTS: Readmission cases were 52 (55%). Age, sex, duration of admission, duration of oxygen therapy, serum IgE concentration, duration of symptoms prior to admission and severity of asthma were not statistically significant compared with those of the control group (t-test) (P>0.05). Use of prophylactic agents, family history of allergic diseases and past history of bronchiolitis were significant (P<0.05), but age under 4 years and sex were not significant (X2-test). Age under 4 years, history of bronchiolitis, and history of previous hospital admission for asthma were significant (P<0.05), but sex, severity of asthma, history of frequent upper respiratory tract infection, family history, and the use of prophylactic agents were not statistically significant (P>0.05) as independent risk factors. CONCLUSION: Age under 4 years, past history of bronchiolitis, and history of previous hospital admission for asthma were significant risk factors for hospital readmission. Further study needs to be done to decrease the readmission rates.
Asthma* ; Bronchiolitis ; Child ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Medical Records ; Oxygen ; Patient Readmission ; Pediatrics ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Risk Factors* ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*

No abstract available.
Female* ; Humans ; Neck* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Uterus*

BACKGROUND: The train of four (TOF) stimulation is valuable to study pharmacodynamics associated with the interaction between muscle relaxants and receptors in the neuromuscular junction. TOF fade expresses presynaptic effect diminished output of transmitters. The aim of this study was to examine differences in presynaptic effects of different relaxants by measuring the TOF ratio during the onset and offset of block. METHODS: Eighty four healthy adult patients of ASA grades I or II were included in the study. The muscle relaxants studied were vecuronium (0.08 mg/kg), atracurium (0.5 mg/kg), mivacurium (0.15 mg/kg), rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) and succinylcholine (1.0 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg). The TOF ratios were measured at approximate height of first response in the TOF (T1) of 75, 50 and 25% during onset and offset. Especially its ratios were measured at first depress of T1 during onset and its corresponding T1 during offset following administration of subclinical doses of succinylcholine. RESULTS: In the non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, TOF fade is more evident during offset than onset (p<0.05). The extent of fade varies between muscle relaxants. The greatest TOF fade has been shown in rocuronium during onset. In the succinylcholine, the TOF fade is apparent during onset and related to doses given (p<0.05). However the significant TOF fade is not seen during offset. CONCLUSIONS: All muscle relaxants, including both depolarizing and nondepolarizing agent, have predominantly postsynaptic and presynaptic effects. Furthermore, the fact that moderate TOF fade after subclinical doses of succinylcholine occurred obviously during onset of block is possibly indicating a greater presynaptic receptor blocking action.
Adult ; Atracurium ; Humans ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents* ; Neuromuscular Junction ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; Receptors, Presynaptic ; Succinylcholine ; Vecuronium Bromide